FRNSC 410 Exam 2 Solved 100% Correct
Verified 2024
_________ fibers generally get lost more quickly than ___________ fibers. - ANSWER-
longer, shorter
________________ hair has a thicker medulla than _______________ hair. -
ANSWER-animal, human
# of fiber transfers depends on... - ANSWER--area of contact surface
-number of contacts
-pressure of contacts
-nature of recipient garment
2D impressions - ANSWER--no permenant deformation of substrate
-detection may be more difficult
-can be packaged and transport to the lab
3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine test for blood - ANSWER-blue/green positive result
3D impression photography - ANSWER--illumination: use various azimuth and elevation
positions of light, polarizing filters may be useful, and take photos from any angles
-snow: translucent material, autobody primer may enhance the detail, and spray from
one side and illuminate from the opposite
-snow print wax may be used to prevent the melting of snow when an impression is
made
3D impressions - ANSWER--permenant deformation of substrate
-detection generally easier
-cannot be packaged and transported to the lab
3R rule - ANSWER-radial cracks form a right angle on the reverse side of the force
accident manner of death - ANSWER-result from unforeseen events that usually involve
some external factors
accidental whorl - ANSWER--consists of combinations of two different types of patterns
-could have two or more deltas
active safety - ANSWER--requires user action to render weapon safe
-internal lock, safety-decocking lever
AFIS - ANSWER--automated fingerprint identification system
-uses Henry classification system
,AFIT - ANSWER--advanced fingerprint identification technology
-uses new algorithm, better than IAFIS
-quickly searches database for possible "hits"
-requires human intervention for confirmation
algor mortis - ANSWER--cooling of the body temperature to ambient temperature
-in temperatures less than the body temperature
amount of GSR depends on - ANSWER--type/condition of firearm
-type of ammunition
-number of rounds discharged
-distance between emanation point of firearm and substrate
-amount oil, perspiration, or moisture on substrate
-what kind of gunshot material is being used
AMY-1 - ANSWER-salivary amylase
AMY-2 - ANSWER-pancreatic amylase
amylase - ANSWER--breaks down starch into simple sugars in saliva
-alpha-amylase in humans
-beta-amylase in fungi, plants, and bacteria
anagen - ANSWER-active growth
analysis of coatings - ANSWER--physical fit
-color and layer analysis (#, sequence, and thickness)
-solubility and microchemical testing
-instrumental analysis
annealed glass - ANSWER-breaks in shards
antemortem - ANSWER-before death
apocrine gland - ANSWER--found in armpits and in groin
-not found in friction ridge skin
arch - ANSWER--ridges enter in from one side, rise up, and leave the opposite side
-subtypes: plain and tent arches
At what wavelength does blood absorb maximally? - ANSWER--415 nm
-will look almost black
avulsions - ANSWER-forcible separation or detachment of body structure
, ball-to-heel (arch) length - ANSWER-measured from widest part of foot to rear of the
heel
ballistics - ANSWER-science and study of projectiles in flight
barrel rifling methods - ANSWER-1) hook cutter
2) scrape cutter
3) gang broach
basic ridge patterns - ANSWER--loop: 60-65%
-whorl: 30-35%
-arch: 5%
bast fibers - ANSWER-linen, hemp, jute, ramie, etc.
bertillonage - ANSWER--anthropometric system of identification created by Alphonse
Bertillon and based on measurements of head, body, and individual markings, and
personality characteristics
-abandoned because the specialized equipment required was too expensive and had a
high error rate
bi-chromatic powder - ANSWER-medium-toned gray powder
black powder - ANSWER--first propellant
-classified as an explosive by the Department of Transportation
-composition: 15% carbon, 75% potassium nitrate, 10% sulfur
Black Powder Substitute - ANSWER--decreased sensitivity to ignition and impact
-more energetic
-not an explosive
-most common is pyrodex
blood - ANSWER-heterogeneous suspension because it contains both liquid and solid
components
Blowback pistol - ANSWER--unlocked breech
-semi-automatic
-bolt and barrel not locked and held together by recoil spring pressure
-used in smaller pistols
blunt force trauma - ANSWER--hematomas/hemorrhaging
-lacerations
-organ lacerations or ruptures
-avulsion
-abrasions
-fractures
Verified 2024
_________ fibers generally get lost more quickly than ___________ fibers. - ANSWER-
longer, shorter
________________ hair has a thicker medulla than _______________ hair. -
ANSWER-animal, human
# of fiber transfers depends on... - ANSWER--area of contact surface
-number of contacts
-pressure of contacts
-nature of recipient garment
2D impressions - ANSWER--no permenant deformation of substrate
-detection may be more difficult
-can be packaged and transport to the lab
3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine test for blood - ANSWER-blue/green positive result
3D impression photography - ANSWER--illumination: use various azimuth and elevation
positions of light, polarizing filters may be useful, and take photos from any angles
-snow: translucent material, autobody primer may enhance the detail, and spray from
one side and illuminate from the opposite
-snow print wax may be used to prevent the melting of snow when an impression is
made
3D impressions - ANSWER--permenant deformation of substrate
-detection generally easier
-cannot be packaged and transported to the lab
3R rule - ANSWER-radial cracks form a right angle on the reverse side of the force
accident manner of death - ANSWER-result from unforeseen events that usually involve
some external factors
accidental whorl - ANSWER--consists of combinations of two different types of patterns
-could have two or more deltas
active safety - ANSWER--requires user action to render weapon safe
-internal lock, safety-decocking lever
AFIS - ANSWER--automated fingerprint identification system
-uses Henry classification system
,AFIT - ANSWER--advanced fingerprint identification technology
-uses new algorithm, better than IAFIS
-quickly searches database for possible "hits"
-requires human intervention for confirmation
algor mortis - ANSWER--cooling of the body temperature to ambient temperature
-in temperatures less than the body temperature
amount of GSR depends on - ANSWER--type/condition of firearm
-type of ammunition
-number of rounds discharged
-distance between emanation point of firearm and substrate
-amount oil, perspiration, or moisture on substrate
-what kind of gunshot material is being used
AMY-1 - ANSWER-salivary amylase
AMY-2 - ANSWER-pancreatic amylase
amylase - ANSWER--breaks down starch into simple sugars in saliva
-alpha-amylase in humans
-beta-amylase in fungi, plants, and bacteria
anagen - ANSWER-active growth
analysis of coatings - ANSWER--physical fit
-color and layer analysis (#, sequence, and thickness)
-solubility and microchemical testing
-instrumental analysis
annealed glass - ANSWER-breaks in shards
antemortem - ANSWER-before death
apocrine gland - ANSWER--found in armpits and in groin
-not found in friction ridge skin
arch - ANSWER--ridges enter in from one side, rise up, and leave the opposite side
-subtypes: plain and tent arches
At what wavelength does blood absorb maximally? - ANSWER--415 nm
-will look almost black
avulsions - ANSWER-forcible separation or detachment of body structure
, ball-to-heel (arch) length - ANSWER-measured from widest part of foot to rear of the
heel
ballistics - ANSWER-science and study of projectiles in flight
barrel rifling methods - ANSWER-1) hook cutter
2) scrape cutter
3) gang broach
basic ridge patterns - ANSWER--loop: 60-65%
-whorl: 30-35%
-arch: 5%
bast fibers - ANSWER-linen, hemp, jute, ramie, etc.
bertillonage - ANSWER--anthropometric system of identification created by Alphonse
Bertillon and based on measurements of head, body, and individual markings, and
personality characteristics
-abandoned because the specialized equipment required was too expensive and had a
high error rate
bi-chromatic powder - ANSWER-medium-toned gray powder
black powder - ANSWER--first propellant
-classified as an explosive by the Department of Transportation
-composition: 15% carbon, 75% potassium nitrate, 10% sulfur
Black Powder Substitute - ANSWER--decreased sensitivity to ignition and impact
-more energetic
-not an explosive
-most common is pyrodex
blood - ANSWER-heterogeneous suspension because it contains both liquid and solid
components
Blowback pistol - ANSWER--unlocked breech
-semi-automatic
-bolt and barrel not locked and held together by recoil spring pressure
-used in smaller pistols
blunt force trauma - ANSWER--hematomas/hemorrhaging
-lacerations
-organ lacerations or ruptures
-avulsion
-abrasions
-fractures
