where sodium goes - ANS - potassium and water tend to follow
\carbonic anhydrase inhibitors - ANS - reduce reabsorption of bicarbonate
increased potassium secretion - one of the side effects associated with this class
can cause metabolic acidosis
ex. acetazolamide
\loop diuretics - ANS - can cause ototoxicity and worsen gout symptoms
ex. bumetanide, ethacrynic acid, furosemide, torsemide
\thiazide diuretics - ANS - causes vasodilation
chlorothiazide and hydroclorothiazide + chorthalidone, metolazone, indapamide (same MOA)
can exacerbate gout, and causes HYPERcalcemia
\potassium-sparing diuretics - ANS - ex. amiloride triamterene, spironolactone epereonone
\osmotic diuretics - ANS - water soluble
increase water excretion
ex. mannitol and urea
can cause volume overload and dehydration
\