NSG5002 MIDTERM 2 STUDY GUIDE
Threat defense mechanisms - Answers - Denial
Rationalization
Regression
Repression
Displacement - avoidance
Projection
Intellectualization
Compensation
Stages of Change - Answers - pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action,
maintenance
Scientific Theory - Answers - A set of propositions that furnish an explanation by means
of a deductive system.
Deductive: specific predictions from general principles
two types of theory - Answers - Commonsense theory,Scientific theory
commonsense theory: - Answers - a personal attempt to make sense of a situation
elements of scientific theory - Answers - Concepts
Variables
Statements
Formats
three main goals of scientific theory - Answers - describe, explain and predict
CTE structure - Answers - concepts, theoretical structure, empirical referents
Theoretical thinking - Answers - Concept of a questioning practice where cause and
effect are examined, constantly.
Holarchy - Answers - components are functionally integrated into an order of wholeness
or unity, where the largest whole makes up the scheme of nursing knowledge.
levels of abstraction - Answers - metaparadigm, philosophy, conceptual model, theory,
empirical indicator
Four philosophical areas of inquiry - Answers - ontological (study of reality: what do we
believe to be true)
epistemological (study of knowledge),
ethics (moral philosophy)
, logic (method of inquiry).
philosophy - Answers - the love of knowledge
Conceptual Model - Answers - characterize relationships of phenomena in a coherent
format
theories: - Answers - describe concepts and relationship between concepts
Testing a theory - Answers - Deductive reasoning
Top-Down Approach
General principles leading
to specific predictions
Generating a theory - Answers - Inductive reasoning
Down-Up Approach
Specific observations leading
to general rules
Complex adaptive systems - Answers - A complex macroscopic collection of relatively
similar and partially connected micro-structures formed in order to respond to an ever-
changing external environment.
translational science continuum - Answers - basic scientific discovery, early translation,
late translation, dissemination, adoption
Complexity Science - Answers - New approach for clinical care and healthcare
organizations.
Complexity Science Components - Answers - Agents: units of components that interact
within the system (individuals or birds..)
Patterns: Formed by agents acting from a set of internalized rules (patterns of
behaviors)
Complex Adaptive Systems - Answers - Characteristics
Connectivity: connection to other components both within the and within larger systems
Dynamic and adaptive: adapts to internal and external environment
Simple rules that allow the system to function
Emergence: novel, flexible, and creative advancements within the system
Self-organizing: equilibrium but on the edge of instability (change can occur).
Distributed control: No central control
7. Diversity: Component and pattern differences
8. Deterministic: Patterns following patterns
9. Embeddedness: Hierarchy of nesting or smaller systems within larger systems
Threat defense mechanisms - Answers - Denial
Rationalization
Regression
Repression
Displacement - avoidance
Projection
Intellectualization
Compensation
Stages of Change - Answers - pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action,
maintenance
Scientific Theory - Answers - A set of propositions that furnish an explanation by means
of a deductive system.
Deductive: specific predictions from general principles
two types of theory - Answers - Commonsense theory,Scientific theory
commonsense theory: - Answers - a personal attempt to make sense of a situation
elements of scientific theory - Answers - Concepts
Variables
Statements
Formats
three main goals of scientific theory - Answers - describe, explain and predict
CTE structure - Answers - concepts, theoretical structure, empirical referents
Theoretical thinking - Answers - Concept of a questioning practice where cause and
effect are examined, constantly.
Holarchy - Answers - components are functionally integrated into an order of wholeness
or unity, where the largest whole makes up the scheme of nursing knowledge.
levels of abstraction - Answers - metaparadigm, philosophy, conceptual model, theory,
empirical indicator
Four philosophical areas of inquiry - Answers - ontological (study of reality: what do we
believe to be true)
epistemological (study of knowledge),
ethics (moral philosophy)
, logic (method of inquiry).
philosophy - Answers - the love of knowledge
Conceptual Model - Answers - characterize relationships of phenomena in a coherent
format
theories: - Answers - describe concepts and relationship between concepts
Testing a theory - Answers - Deductive reasoning
Top-Down Approach
General principles leading
to specific predictions
Generating a theory - Answers - Inductive reasoning
Down-Up Approach
Specific observations leading
to general rules
Complex adaptive systems - Answers - A complex macroscopic collection of relatively
similar and partially connected micro-structures formed in order to respond to an ever-
changing external environment.
translational science continuum - Answers - basic scientific discovery, early translation,
late translation, dissemination, adoption
Complexity Science - Answers - New approach for clinical care and healthcare
organizations.
Complexity Science Components - Answers - Agents: units of components that interact
within the system (individuals or birds..)
Patterns: Formed by agents acting from a set of internalized rules (patterns of
behaviors)
Complex Adaptive Systems - Answers - Characteristics
Connectivity: connection to other components both within the and within larger systems
Dynamic and adaptive: adapts to internal and external environment
Simple rules that allow the system to function
Emergence: novel, flexible, and creative advancements within the system
Self-organizing: equilibrium but on the edge of instability (change can occur).
Distributed control: No central control
7. Diversity: Component and pattern differences
8. Deterministic: Patterns following patterns
9. Embeddedness: Hierarchy of nesting or smaller systems within larger systems
