Biology Concepts and Investigations 4th Edition Hoefnagels Test Bank 2

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MultiplebChoicebQuestions

Manybtraitsbofborganisms,bsuchbasbbodybformbandbcolor,barebcontrolledbbybspecificbproteins,binbturnbcontrolledbbybthebDNAbgeneticbsequencebofbnucleotides.bThebgeneti
cb controlbofbcolor,basbinbaphids,bdoesbnotbusuallybshiftbduringbtheblifebofbanborganism.bResearchersbfoundbthatbsomebspecificbaphidbpopulationsbshiftbfrombanboriginalbr
edb colorationbtobabgreenbcoloration.

Geneticsbcouldbbebabfactor,bifbsomebprogrammedbshiftbcouldbbebidentified.bEnvironmentalbconditionsbofbtheblivingbandbnonlivingbhabitatbcouldbbebabfactor.bEitherbway,bt
heb chemistrybandbobservedbchangesbofbpigmentbmoleculesbinbthebaphidsbcanbbebstudiedbwithbthebscientificbmethod.

1. Whatbisbtheblinkbbetweenbcoloredbpigmentbmoleculesbandbotherborganicbmolecules?

A. Allb ofbthebanswerbchoicesbarebcorrect.
B. Inbthebcasebofbthebaphids,bthebpigmentbmoleculesbofbbacteriabarebgeneticallybpassedbonbtobthebDNAbofbinfectedbaphids.
C. ThebDNAbmoleculebgeneticbsequencebregulatesbproteinbmoleculebfunction,bwhichbcanbchangebpigmentbstructurebthatbaffectsbcolor.
D. Pigmentbmoleculesbarebmadebupbofballbfourbofbthebotherborganicbmoleculebgroups.
E. Thisbonebgroupbofbaphidsb canbeasilybalterb thebpigmentbmoleculebstructurebbybmodifyingbitsbDNAbnucleotidebsequencebandbbuildingbnewb proteins.

Accessibility:b Keyboardb Navigation
b BloomsbLevel:b4.bAnal
yze
LearningbOutcome:b02.05.02bComparebandbcontrastb thebstructuresbandbfunctionsbofbthebfourbmainbclassesbofb organicbmolecules.
Section:b02.05
Section:b02.06
b Topic:bNucleicbAcid
sb Type:b Investigatingb
Life

2. ThebinitialbexperimentbofbKogabandbFugatsu,binbtestingbforbanybbacterialbcausebofbaphidbcolorbchange,binvolvedballbofbthesebexcept

A. thebspecificbamountsbofbredbandbgreenbpigmentbmoleculesbwerebinitiallybmeasuredbasbdependentbvariables.
B. abgroupbofbgreenbaphidsbwasbgrown,bthenbkilledbinborderbtobproducebanbextractbtobtestbonbredbaphids.
C. abgroupbofbredbaphidsbwasbtreatedbwithbthebindependentbvariablebofbRickettsiellabbacteriabinfectionbfrombgreenbaphids.
D. abgroupbofbredbaphidsbwasbgrownbasbabcontrolbgroup.
E. abgroupbofbaphidsbinfectedbwithbRickettsiellabbacteriabwasbgrown,bthenbkilledbinborderbtobproducebanbextractbtobtestbonbredbaphids.



Accessibility:b Keyboardb Navigation
BloomsbLevel:b3.bAppl
yb LearningbOutcome:b02.06.01bExplainbhowbresearchersbdiscoveredbthatbsomebantsbdefendbthemselvesbagainstbthebtoxinsbofbo
therbants.
Section:b02.0
6b Topic:bChemicalbB
ondsb Topic:bNucleicb
Acidsb Type:b Investigat
ingb Life

3. Thebobservationsbandbresearchbonbaphidbcolorbchangesbcanbmostbdirectlybbebsummarizedbinbthat

A. KogabandbFugatsubprovedbthatbthebcolorbchangebfrombredbtobgreenbinbaphidsbwasbecologicallybfavorablebtobsurvival.
B. thebmethodbofbpaperbfiberbseparationbofbpigmentbmoleculesbshowedbthatbRicketsiellabbacteriabwerebthebsourcebofbthebgreenbcolorationbofbaphids.
C. speciesbofborganismsbcanbbebchemicallybdiversebandbaffectbeachbother,bevenbamongbsimilarbgroupsbofbaphidsbandbbacteria.
D. itbturnedboutbthatbthebgreenbappearancebofbaphidsbwasbbecausebofbtheblargebamountbofbgreenbRicketsiellabbacteriabcoatingbtheirbbodies.
E. Allbofbthebanswerbchoicesbarebcorrect.

Accessibility:bKeyboardbNavigatio
nb BloomsbLevel:b4.bAn
alyze
LearningbOutcome:b02.06.01bExplainbhowbresearchersbdiscoveredbthatb somebantsbdefendbthemselvesbagainstbthebtoxinsbofb otherbants.
Section:b02.06
b Topic:bChemicalbBon
dsb Topic:bNucleicbAc
idsb Type:b Investigatin
gb Life

4. Researchersbnotedbthatbonlybabfewbaphidsbchangedbcolorbtobgreenbfrombtheirboriginalbred.bThisbisbanbunusualbobservationbamongbanybanimals.bWhatbresearchbquestionb
cameb outbofbthebobservations?

A. Isbthebcolorbshiftbofbcertainbaphidsbduebtobgeneticsbwithinbabselectbspecies?
B. Isbthebcolorbshiftbofbcertainbaphidsbduebtobchangesbinbweatherbconditions?
C. Isbthebcolorbshiftbofbcertainbaphidsbduebtobgeneticsborbsomebotherbfactor?
D. Dobotherbaphidsbchangebcolorsbasbtheybage?
E. Willbgreenbaphidsbchangebtheirbcolorbtobred,borbremainbgreenbasbtheybage?

Accessibility:bKeyboardbNavigatio
nb BloomsbLevel:b2.bUnders
tand

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HillbEducation.

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, LearningbOutcome:b02.06.01bExplainbhowbresearchersbdiscoveredbthatbsomebantsbdefendbthemselvesbagainstbthebtoxinsbofbotherbants.
Section:b02.0
6b Topic:bNucleicbAci
dsb Type:bInvestigating
bLife

5. Thebfourbmostbabundantbelementsbneededbbybthebhumanbbodybarebcarbon,bhydrogen,boxygen,bandbnitrogen.bBecausebthesebarebneededbinblargebamountsbtobsupportbourb
cells,b thesebarebreferredbtobas




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HillbEducation.

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b b b b b b b b b
A. buffers.
B. bulk elements.
b Edition Hoefnagels b

C. essentialb elements.
D. traceb elements.
E. isotopes.

Accessibility:bKeyboardb Navigation
b BloomsbLevel:b2.bUnderst
and
LearningbOutcome:b02.01.01bIdentifybthebmostbabundantb essentialbelementsbinblivingborgani
sms.b LearningbOutcome:b02.05.02bComparebandbcontrastb thebstructuresbandbfunctionsbofbthebfourbmainbclassesbofb organ
icbmolecules.
Section:b02.01
Section:b02.0
5b Topic:bCarbohydr
ates
Topic:bLipid
sb Topic:bNucleicbA
cidsb Topic:bProtein
s

6. Inbtheb1700s,babFrenchbscientist,bAntoinebLavoisier,bgainedbnewbexperimentalbinformationbbybreactingbabmetalbandbanbacid.bHisbobservationbofbthebresultsbseemedbtob
showb thatbmuchbofbthebmetalbhadbbeenblostbinbthebchemicalbreaction.bUponbweighingbthebproducts,bthebtotalbamountsbofbmaterialsbhadbnotbchangedbduringbthebreactio
n.

Thisbresearchbresultedbinbtheblawbofbconservationbofbmass.bThisblawbalsobappliesbtobbiology,bbecausebthebmaterialsbwebarebmadebofbare
thatbchangebforms,bbu
tb aren'tbtrulyblostbthroughbbiochemicalb reactions.



A. matter
B. isotopes
C. energy
D. metals
E. solutions

Accessibility:b Keyboardb Navigation
b BloomsbLevel:b2.bUnderst
and
LearningbOutcome:b02.00.01bExplainbthebrelationshipbbetweenbchemistrybandbbiol
ogy.b LearningbOutcome:b02.02.03bComparebandbcontrastbionic,bcovalent,bandbhydrog
enbbonds.
Section:b02.01
b Topic:bAtomicbStruct
ure

7. Waterbhasbuniquebpropertiesbwhichbincludebitsbstrengthbasbabsolvent;bitsbthreebenvironmentalbstagesbofbsolid,bliquid,bandbgas;bandbitsbtemperaturebregulation.bT
heseb propertiesbarebduebtobpolarbcovalentbbondsbbetweenboxygenbandbhydrogen.bThebpolarbcovalentbbondsbarebabresultbof

A. therebbeingbabgreaterbnumberbofbelectronsb inboxygenboutermostbshellb thanbinbhydrogen.
B. oxygenbbeingbmorebelectronegativebandbthereforeb attractingbmorebelectronsbthanbhydrogen.
C. hydrogenbbeingbanbelectronbdonorb andb oxygenbbeingbanbelectronbacceptor.
D. hydrogenbandboxygenbhavingbequalb electronegativeb strengthbandbthereforebhavebequalb sharingbofbelectrons.
E. hydrogenbbeingbmorebelectronegativeb andbthereforeb attractingbmoreb electronsb thanboxygen.

Accessibility:bKeyboardbNavigation
b BloomsbLevel:b2.bUnderst
and
LearningbOutcome:b02.02.03bComparebandbcontrastbionic,bcovalent,bandbhydrogenbbo
nds.b LearningbOutcome:b02.02.04bExplainbthebrelationshipbbetweenbelectronegativitybandbchemicalbbondbf
ormation.b LearningbOutcome:b02.03.01bExplainbhowbthebstructurebofbwaterbaffectsbitsbchemicalbproperties
.
Section:b02.02
Section:b02.0
Referbtobthisbdiagrambwithbcommonbexamplesb ofbsubstancesb andbtheirbp 3b Topic:bPropertiesbofb
H. Water




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HillbEducation.

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