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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
EEOB Exam 4 Questions With Verified
Answers
What does the protein act like in carrier mediated transport? What type of protein is used? -
Answers✔a shuttle (integral transmembrane protein)
What regulates carrier mediated transport? Why? - Answers✔binding regulates transport because
the solute must interact with the protein, changes the protein's shape
What are the two types of carrier mediated transport? - Answers✔facilitated diffusion and active
transport
Which type of carrier mediated transport allows diffusion to happen easier? -
Answers✔facilitated diffusion
Does active transport use diffusion? Why or why not? - Answers✔it does not use diffusion
because it is going against the gradient
How is glucose typically brought into cells? - Answers✔Through facilitated diffusion
Is there an energy cost with facilitated diffusion? Why or why not? - Answers✔there is not an
energy cost because it is going with the gradient
In facilitated diffusion, what causes the transport? How? - Answers✔conformation change of the
protein caused by the solute binding into the protein
What is saturation in facilitated diffusion? How does this happen? - Answers✔overloading of
solutes; caused by the transporter only being able to move a set number of solutes at once
What can speed up the facilitated diffusion process? Will this always cause it to go faster than it
was? - Answers✔a larger gradient of solutes can speed up the process, but it will level out at
some point (causing saturation if solutes keep building up)
How do competitors work with facilitated diffusion (different types)? - Answers✔competitors
will either activate the transporters themselves (not being the ligand that usually goes through it)
or it will block the transporter (which may stop the process by not allowing movement)
What is a glucose transporter (GLUT) an example of? - Answers✔facilitated diffusion
How do solutes move in active transport (as an overall)? - Answers✔almost always against the
gradient
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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Is there an energy cost with active transport? Why or why not? - Answers✔there is an energy
cost because the solutes are traveling against the gradient
What does the conformation changes in active transport cause? - Answers✔transport and ATP
use
What are the two types of active transport? - Answers✔primary and secondary AT
Which type of active transport uses ATP directly? - Answers✔primary AT
What are ATPase pumps? Where are they used (directly)? - Answers✔an ATPase pump is an
enzyme that breaks down ATP; makes gradient; used directly in primary AT
What equation does primary AT use directly? - Answers✔equation 1
How many substances can be moved through primary AT at a time? - Answers✔one or two
DIFFERENT substances
Does secondary AT use ATP? If so, how? - Answers✔yes, uses ATP indirectly
Why does secondary AT use ATP indirectly? - Answers✔it relies on Primary AT to make the
gradient (with the ATPase pumps) to power secondary AT
How many substances can move through secondary AT at a time? - Answers✔always moves two
DIFFERENT substances at a time
Is there a difference between the way the two substances move in Secondary AT? If so, why? -
Answers✔one driving ion moves with its gradient; the other ion moves against its gradient;
driving ion going with gradient powers the other ion to move against gradient
What is the Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase pump an example of? - Answers✔Primary AT
For the Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase pump, where is there a higher [Na⁺]? Higher [K⁺]? - Answers✔higher
[Na⁺]: outside cell
higher [K⁺]: inside cell
How does the Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase pump move the ions? - Answers✔both are going against gradient;
Na⁺ from inside to outside of cell; K⁺ from outside to inside of cell
How many Na⁺ bind to the transporter? What does this cause (two things)? - Answers✔3 Na⁺
bind to the transporter; causes shape change to the protein; activates enzymatic activity (eq. 1
breakdown)
What happens after the 3 Na⁺ bind to the transporter and do their changes? Why do we need this
to happen? - Answers✔ATP adds Pi and energy to the protein; energy goes into the protein and
the phosphate attaches to the protein; need energy to change orientation of the protein to the IF
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
EEOB Exam 4 Questions With Verified
Answers
What does the protein act like in carrier mediated transport? What type of protein is used? -
Answers✔a shuttle (integral transmembrane protein)
What regulates carrier mediated transport? Why? - Answers✔binding regulates transport because
the solute must interact with the protein, changes the protein's shape
What are the two types of carrier mediated transport? - Answers✔facilitated diffusion and active
transport
Which type of carrier mediated transport allows diffusion to happen easier? -
Answers✔facilitated diffusion
Does active transport use diffusion? Why or why not? - Answers✔it does not use diffusion
because it is going against the gradient
How is glucose typically brought into cells? - Answers✔Through facilitated diffusion
Is there an energy cost with facilitated diffusion? Why or why not? - Answers✔there is not an
energy cost because it is going with the gradient
In facilitated diffusion, what causes the transport? How? - Answers✔conformation change of the
protein caused by the solute binding into the protein
What is saturation in facilitated diffusion? How does this happen? - Answers✔overloading of
solutes; caused by the transporter only being able to move a set number of solutes at once
What can speed up the facilitated diffusion process? Will this always cause it to go faster than it
was? - Answers✔a larger gradient of solutes can speed up the process, but it will level out at
some point (causing saturation if solutes keep building up)
How do competitors work with facilitated diffusion (different types)? - Answers✔competitors
will either activate the transporters themselves (not being the ligand that usually goes through it)
or it will block the transporter (which may stop the process by not allowing movement)
What is a glucose transporter (GLUT) an example of? - Answers✔facilitated diffusion
How do solutes move in active transport (as an overall)? - Answers✔almost always against the
gradient
, ©THESTAR EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Is there an energy cost with active transport? Why or why not? - Answers✔there is an energy
cost because the solutes are traveling against the gradient
What does the conformation changes in active transport cause? - Answers✔transport and ATP
use
What are the two types of active transport? - Answers✔primary and secondary AT
Which type of active transport uses ATP directly? - Answers✔primary AT
What are ATPase pumps? Where are they used (directly)? - Answers✔an ATPase pump is an
enzyme that breaks down ATP; makes gradient; used directly in primary AT
What equation does primary AT use directly? - Answers✔equation 1
How many substances can be moved through primary AT at a time? - Answers✔one or two
DIFFERENT substances
Does secondary AT use ATP? If so, how? - Answers✔yes, uses ATP indirectly
Why does secondary AT use ATP indirectly? - Answers✔it relies on Primary AT to make the
gradient (with the ATPase pumps) to power secondary AT
How many substances can move through secondary AT at a time? - Answers✔always moves two
DIFFERENT substances at a time
Is there a difference between the way the two substances move in Secondary AT? If so, why? -
Answers✔one driving ion moves with its gradient; the other ion moves against its gradient;
driving ion going with gradient powers the other ion to move against gradient
What is the Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase pump an example of? - Answers✔Primary AT
For the Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase pump, where is there a higher [Na⁺]? Higher [K⁺]? - Answers✔higher
[Na⁺]: outside cell
higher [K⁺]: inside cell
How does the Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase pump move the ions? - Answers✔both are going against gradient;
Na⁺ from inside to outside of cell; K⁺ from outside to inside of cell
How many Na⁺ bind to the transporter? What does this cause (two things)? - Answers✔3 Na⁺
bind to the transporter; causes shape change to the protein; activates enzymatic activity (eq. 1
breakdown)
What happens after the 3 Na⁺ bind to the transporter and do their changes? Why do we need this
to happen? - Answers✔ATP adds Pi and energy to the protein; energy goes into the protein and
the phosphate attaches to the protein; need energy to change orientation of the protein to the IF
