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Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
m m m m m m m
MultiplemChoice
Identifymthemchoicemthatmbestmcompletesmthemstatementmormanswersmthemquestion.
m 1.m Whichmstatementmregardingmthemsodium–potassiummpumpmismcorrect?
1. Themcell’smplasmammembranemismmoremsolublemtomsodiummionsmthanmpotassiummions.
2. Themconcentrationmofmsodiummionsmshouldmbemhigherminsidemthemcellmcompartment.
3. Themconcentrationmofmpotassiummionsmshouldmbemhighermoutsidemthemc
ellmcompartment.
4. Themactivemtransportminvolvesmpumpingmoutmthreemsodiummionsmandmpumpingminmtwo
potassiummions.
m
2.mInmthemabsencemofmoxygen,mwhichmcellularmfunctionmcreatesmthemsamemamountmofmenergymasmismcr
eatedminmthempresencemofmoxygen?
1. Dissipationmofmpyruvicmacid
2. Initiationmofmthemcitricmacidmcycle
3. Activationmofmacetyl-coenzymemA
4. Creationmofmacidosismviamlacticmacid
m 3.m Howmmanymadenosinemtriphosphatesm(ATPs)maremproducedminmaerobicmenergymmetabolism?
1.mmm 2
2.mmm 3
3.mmm 34
4.mmm 53
m 4.m Whichmcellmorganellesmdifferminmtheirmnumbermaccordingmtomthemcell’smenergymneeds?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleicmacids
4. Deoxyribonucleicmacids
m 5.m Whichmoptionmbestmsupportsmthemreasonmmoremenergymismproducedmwhenmampersonmismexercising?
1. Exercisemcausesmanmincreaseminmthemsynthesismofmprotein.
2. Theremismanmincreaseminmthemproductionmofmpyruvicmacidminmthemcells.
3. Themconversionmofmpyruvicmacidmtomlacticmacidmismincreasedmbymexercise.
4. Musclemcellsmhavemmoremmitochondriamtommeetmenergymdemands.
m 6.m Whenmdoesmribosomalmproteinmsynthesismcease?
1. Duringmendoplasmicmreticulummstress
2. Duringmthemsynthesismofmadenosinemtriphosphatem(ATP)
3. Duringmamseveremhypoxicmstate
4. Duringmthemprocessingmofmprohormone
m 7.m Whichmcellularmorganellesmaremresponsiblemformpropellingmmucusmandminhaledmdebrismoutmofmthemlungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
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3. Secretorymvesicles
4. Endoplasmicmreticula
m 8.m Whichmaremthemkeymproteinsminmthemcontractilemunitsmofmthemmusclemcells?
1. Actinmandmmyosin
2. Prohormonemandmtubulin
3. Tubulinmandmactin
4. Myosinmandmprohormone
m 9.mmmWhichmdeficiencymcausesmTay–Sachsmdisease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomalmenzymes
m mm 10.m Whichmismamcharacteristicmofmadrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulationmofmganglioside
2. Cessationmofmribosomalmproteinmsynthesis
3. Accelerationmofmcellularmproteasomemactivity
4. Accumulationmofmlong-chainmfattymacidsminmthemnervousmsystem
m mmm 11.m Whichmstatementmregardingmendoplasmicmreticulumm(ER)mstressmismcorrect?
1. DuringmERmstress,mproteinsmaremrapidlymdegraded.
2. DuringmERmstress,mlipidsmcannotmtravelmtomtheirmpropermintracellularmlocations.
3. DuringmERmstress,mlong-chainmfattymacidsmaccumulateminmthemnervousmsystem.
4. DuringmERmstress,mnondegradedmsubstancesmaccumulateminmthemcells.
m
mm 12.m Amclientmismdiagnosedmwithmtypem1mdiabetesmmellitus.mAtmam cellularmlevel,mwhichmfunctionmismli
kelymtombeminvolved?
1. Inabilitymofmribosomesmtomproducemamspecificmtypemofmprotein
2. IncorrectmprocessingmofmamproteinmbymthemGolgimapparatus
3. Stagnationmofmampreviouslymdynamicmactionminmmicrotubules
4. Obstructionmofmthemsmoothmendoplasmicmreticulum
m
mm 13.m Amnewbornmpatientmexhibitsmcharacteristicsmofmseveremphysicalmdeformities.mWhichmcellularmc
omponentmismexaminedmtomdeterminemthemcausemandmprobabilitymofmthemdiseasembeingmgeneticallymtra
nsferred?
1. TransfermRNA
2. RibosomalmRNA
3. DoublemhelixmofmDNA
4. MitochondrialmDNA
m
mm 14.m Amhikermexperiencesmmusclempainmandmacidosismwhilemascendingmammountainmduringmaml
ong,msteepmclimb.mWhichmismthemreasonmformthesemmanifestations?
1. Cellularmhypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellularmedema
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m mm 15.m WhichmfactormprovidesmDNAmthemuniquemmolecularmabilitymtomreplicate?
1. Thempairingmofmnitrogenousmbases
2. Thempresencemofmpyrimidinembases
3. Thempresencemofmnucleotides
4. Themnitrogenousmbasemandmphosphatembond
m mm 16.m Howmmanymnitrogenousmbasesmcomposemamsinglemcodon?
1.mmm 2
2.mmm 3
3.mmm 4
4.mmm 5
m mm 17.m WhichmcomponentsmformmthemstructuremofmDNA?
1. Nucleotides
2. Aminomacids
3. Fattymacids
4. Phosphates
m mm 18.m Whichmfactormismessentialminmordermformproteinmsynthesismtomoccur?
1. Free-standingmribosomesmwithinmthemcell
2. ProteinmblueprintmfrommthemcellmofmthemDNA
3. Specificminformationmfrommthemnucleusmofmthemcell
4. TransfermRNAmtommovemthemproteinmoutmofmthemcell
m
mm 19.m Tetracyclinemantibioticmismprescribedmformanmadultmclientmwithmchlamydiaminfection.mWh
ichmismthemmechanismmofmactionmofmthemdrug?
1. Itmpreventsmthemreplicationmofmbacteria.
2. Itmaltersmthemconfigurationmofmbacterialmcytoplasm.
3. Itminterferesmwithmthemfunctionmofmbacterialmribosomes.
4. Itminhibitsmthemfunctionsmofmbacterialmmitochondria.
m mm 20.m Wheremdoesmthemconversionmofmamprohormonemintomamhormonemtakemplace?
1. Inmthemribosomes
2. InmthemGolgimapparatus
3. Inmthemsecretorymgranules
4. Inmthemendoplasmicmreticulum
m mm 21.m Whichmismthemcell’sm“mastermmind”?
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgimapparatus
4. Endoplasmicmreticulum
MultiplemResponse
Identifymonemormmoremchoicesmthatmbestmcompletemthemstatementmormanswermthemquestion.
m mm 22.m Whichmstatementsmregardingmthemmicrotubulesmaremtrue?mSelectmallmthatmapply.
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1. Microtubulesmaremsolid.
2. Microtubulesmaremflexible.
3. Microtubulesmaremcomposedmofmtubulin.
4. Microtubulesmaremcalledmactinmfilaments.
5. Microtubulesmhavemstructuresminvolvedminmcellmdivision.
m mm 23.m Whichmcellularmactionsmaremcarriedmoutmduringmthemprocessmofmproteinmsynthesis?mSelectmallmthatmapply.
1. DNAmdirectsmthemcellmtomcarrymoutmthemprocess.
2. Transcriptionmoccursminmthemribosomemofmthemcell.
3. Proteinmtranslationmtakesmplaceminmthemcellmnucleus.
4. RNAmismsingle-strandedmandmtravelsmoutsidemthemnucleus.
5. InmRNA,mthempyrimidinembasemthyminemismreplacedmwithmuracil.
m mm 24.m WhichmcharacteristicsmaremspecificmtomRNAmduringmproteinmsynthesis?mSelectmallmthatmapply.
1. Presencemofmribosempentosemsugar
2. Presencemofmsingle-strandedmhelix
3. Presencemofmdouble-strandedmhelix
4. Presencemofmdeoxyribosempentosemsugar
5. Presencemofmuracilmandmcytosinemasmampyrimidinembase
m mm 25.m WhichmaremthempurinembasesmfoundminmDNA?mSelectmallmthatmapply.
1. Uracil
2. Adenine
3. Guanine
4. Thymine
5. Cytosine
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mThemMarketplacemtomBuymandmSellmyourmStudymMaterial
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
m m m m m m m
MultiplemChoice
Identifymthemchoicemthatmbestmcompletesmthemstatementmormanswersmthemquestion.
m 1.m Whichmstatementmregardingmthemsodium–potassiummpumpmismcorrect?
1. Themcell’smplasmammembranemismmoremsolublemtomsodiummionsmthanmpotassiummions.
2. Themconcentrationmofmsodiummionsmshouldmbemhigherminsidemthemcellmcompartment.
3. Themconcentrationmofmpotassiummionsmshouldmbemhighermoutsidemthemc
ellmcompartment.
4. Themactivemtransportminvolvesmpumpingmoutmthreemsodiummionsmandmpumpingminmtwo
potassiummions.
m
2.mInmthemabsencemofmoxygen,mwhichmcellularmfunctionmcreatesmthemsamemamountmofmenergymasmismcr
eatedminmthempresencemofmoxygen?
1. Dissipationmofmpyruvicmacid
2. Initiationmofmthemcitricmacidmcycle
3. Activationmofmacetyl-coenzymemA
4. Creationmofmacidosismviamlacticmacid
m 3.m Howmmanymadenosinemtriphosphatesm(ATPs)maremproducedminmaerobicmenergymmetabolism?
1.mmm 2
2.mmm 3
3.mmm 34
4.mmm 53
m 4.m Whichmcellmorganellesmdifferminmtheirmnumbermaccordingmtomthemcell’smenergymneeds?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleicmacids
4. Deoxyribonucleicmacids
m 5.m Whichmoptionmbestmsupportsmthemreasonmmoremenergymismproducedmwhenmampersonmismexercising?
1. Exercisemcausesmanmincreaseminmthemsynthesismofmprotein.
2. Theremismanmincreaseminmthemproductionmofmpyruvicmacidminmthemcells.
3. Themconversionmofmpyruvicmacidmtomlacticmacidmismincreasedmbymexercise.
4. Musclemcellsmhavemmoremmitochondriamtommeetmenergymdemands.
m 6.m Whenmdoesmribosomalmproteinmsynthesismcease?
1. Duringmendoplasmicmreticulummstress
2. Duringmthemsynthesismofmadenosinemtriphosphatem(ATP)
3. Duringmamseveremhypoxicmstate
4. Duringmthemprocessingmofmprohormone
m 7.m Whichmcellularmorganellesmaremresponsiblemformpropellingmmucusmandminhaledmdebrismoutmofmthemlungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
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3. Secretorymvesicles
4. Endoplasmicmreticula
m 8.m Whichmaremthemkeymproteinsminmthemcontractilemunitsmofmthemmusclemcells?
1. Actinmandmmyosin
2. Prohormonemandmtubulin
3. Tubulinmandmactin
4. Myosinmandmprohormone
m 9.mmmWhichmdeficiencymcausesmTay–Sachsmdisease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomalmenzymes
m mm 10.m Whichmismamcharacteristicmofmadrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulationmofmganglioside
2. Cessationmofmribosomalmproteinmsynthesis
3. Accelerationmofmcellularmproteasomemactivity
4. Accumulationmofmlong-chainmfattymacidsminmthemnervousmsystem
m mmm 11.m Whichmstatementmregardingmendoplasmicmreticulumm(ER)mstressmismcorrect?
1. DuringmERmstress,mproteinsmaremrapidlymdegraded.
2. DuringmERmstress,mlipidsmcannotmtravelmtomtheirmpropermintracellularmlocations.
3. DuringmERmstress,mlong-chainmfattymacidsmaccumulateminmthemnervousmsystem.
4. DuringmERmstress,mnondegradedmsubstancesmaccumulateminmthemcells.
m
mm 12.m Amclientmismdiagnosedmwithmtypem1mdiabetesmmellitus.mAtmam cellularmlevel,mwhichmfunctionmismli
kelymtombeminvolved?
1. Inabilitymofmribosomesmtomproducemamspecificmtypemofmprotein
2. IncorrectmprocessingmofmamproteinmbymthemGolgimapparatus
3. Stagnationmofmampreviouslymdynamicmactionminmmicrotubules
4. Obstructionmofmthemsmoothmendoplasmicmreticulum
m
mm 13.m Amnewbornmpatientmexhibitsmcharacteristicsmofmseveremphysicalmdeformities.mWhichmcellularmc
omponentmismexaminedmtomdeterminemthemcausemandmprobabilitymofmthemdiseasembeingmgeneticallymtra
nsferred?
1. TransfermRNA
2. RibosomalmRNA
3. DoublemhelixmofmDNA
4. MitochondrialmDNA
m
mm 14.m Amhikermexperiencesmmusclempainmandmacidosismwhilemascendingmammountainmduringmaml
ong,msteepmclimb.mWhichmismthemreasonmformthesemmanifestations?
1. Cellularmhypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellularmedema
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m mm 15.m WhichmfactormprovidesmDNAmthemuniquemmolecularmabilitymtomreplicate?
1. Thempairingmofmnitrogenousmbases
2. Thempresencemofmpyrimidinembases
3. Thempresencemofmnucleotides
4. Themnitrogenousmbasemandmphosphatembond
m mm 16.m Howmmanymnitrogenousmbasesmcomposemamsinglemcodon?
1.mmm 2
2.mmm 3
3.mmm 4
4.mmm 5
m mm 17.m WhichmcomponentsmformmthemstructuremofmDNA?
1. Nucleotides
2. Aminomacids
3. Fattymacids
4. Phosphates
m mm 18.m Whichmfactormismessentialminmordermformproteinmsynthesismtomoccur?
1. Free-standingmribosomesmwithinmthemcell
2. ProteinmblueprintmfrommthemcellmofmthemDNA
3. Specificminformationmfrommthemnucleusmofmthemcell
4. TransfermRNAmtommovemthemproteinmoutmofmthemcell
m
mm 19.m Tetracyclinemantibioticmismprescribedmformanmadultmclientmwithmchlamydiaminfection.mWh
ichmismthemmechanismmofmactionmofmthemdrug?
1. Itmpreventsmthemreplicationmofmbacteria.
2. Itmaltersmthemconfigurationmofmbacterialmcytoplasm.
3. Itminterferesmwithmthemfunctionmofmbacterialmribosomes.
4. Itminhibitsmthemfunctionsmofmbacterialmmitochondria.
m mm 20.m Wheremdoesmthemconversionmofmamprohormonemintomamhormonemtakemplace?
1. Inmthemribosomes
2. InmthemGolgimapparatus
3. Inmthemsecretorymgranules
4. Inmthemendoplasmicmreticulum
m mm 21.m Whichmismthemcell’sm“mastermmind”?
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgimapparatus
4. Endoplasmicmreticulum
MultiplemResponse
Identifymonemormmoremchoicesmthatmbestmcompletemthemstatementmormanswermthemquestion.
m mm 22.m Whichmstatementsmregardingmthemmicrotubulesmaremtrue?mSelectmallmthatmapply.
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mThemMarketplacemtomBuymandmSellmyourmStudymMaterial
1. Microtubulesmaremsolid.
2. Microtubulesmaremflexible.
3. Microtubulesmaremcomposedmofmtubulin.
4. Microtubulesmaremcalledmactinmfilaments.
5. Microtubulesmhavemstructuresminvolvedminmcellmdivision.
m mm 23.m Whichmcellularmactionsmaremcarriedmoutmduringmthemprocessmofmproteinmsynthesis?mSelectmallmthatmapply.
1. DNAmdirectsmthemcellmtomcarrymoutmthemprocess.
2. Transcriptionmoccursminmthemribosomemofmthemcell.
3. Proteinmtranslationmtakesmplaceminmthemcellmnucleus.
4. RNAmismsingle-strandedmandmtravelsmoutsidemthemnucleus.
5. InmRNA,mthempyrimidinembasemthyminemismreplacedmwithmuracil.
m mm 24.m WhichmcharacteristicsmaremspecificmtomRNAmduringmproteinmsynthesis?mSelectmallmthatmapply.
1. Presencemofmribosempentosemsugar
2. Presencemofmsingle-strandedmhelix
3. Presencemofmdouble-strandedmhelix
4. Presencemofmdeoxyribosempentosemsugar
5. Presencemofmuracilmandmcytosinemasmampyrimidinembase
m mm 25.m WhichmaremthempurinembasesmfoundminmDNA?mSelectmallmthatmapply.
1. Uracil
2. Adenine
3. Guanine
4. Thymine
5. Cytosine
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