GMS 6121- Pathogenesis Test with Questions
Solved 100% Correct _Verified Answer
What are the two ways that normal flora can prime the immune system? - ✔✔Adaptive;
innate
What kind of immune system priming is described as antibodies against non-pathogens that
cross-react with pathogens. - ✔✔Adaptive
What kind of immune system priming is described as the integrity of gut and production of
cytokines? - ✔✔Innate
What are the three protective effects of normal flora? - ✔✔Immune system priming,
Exclusion of pathogens,
Production of nutrients
How do normal flora exclude pathogens? - ✔✔There is a limited amount of space and
nutrients at colonized sites. If normal flora are occupying these sites, pathogens cannot gain a
foothold.
Which vitamin can we (humans) not make, but that is essential for us? Gut bacteria make it for
us. - ✔✔Vitamin K
What kind of bacteria, typically in the gut, usually do good things for us? - ✔✔Probiotics
Presence of ____ doesn't always mean disease is ongoing or that ___ need to be prescribed -
✔✔Bacteria; antibiotics
, What are the 7 functions/stages of pathogens/disease? - ✔✔Encounter
Entry
Spread (+/-)
Multiplication
Evasion of host defenses
Damage
Outcome
- Transmission to new host (+/-)
- Recovery or not
Regarding the 'Encounter' step, which type of infection is disease that started soon after
encounter? - ✔✔Exogenous
Regarding the 'Encounter' step, which type of infection is a stable relationship broke down? -
✔✔Endogenous
Where does most of the entry in pathogenesis occur? - ✔✔Mucosal membrane
What are some of the primary forms of direct inoculation? - ✔✔Trauma, bite, injection,
surgery
What is the primary entry virulence function? - ✔✔Adherence. Organisms must be able to
stick to the surface.
How do organisms accomplish adherence? Hint: it's not super glue. - ✔✔Specific ligand-
receptor interactions
What are some of the virulence factors for adherence? - ✔✔Structures: pilli/fimbriae,
fibrillae
Solved 100% Correct _Verified Answer
What are the two ways that normal flora can prime the immune system? - ✔✔Adaptive;
innate
What kind of immune system priming is described as antibodies against non-pathogens that
cross-react with pathogens. - ✔✔Adaptive
What kind of immune system priming is described as the integrity of gut and production of
cytokines? - ✔✔Innate
What are the three protective effects of normal flora? - ✔✔Immune system priming,
Exclusion of pathogens,
Production of nutrients
How do normal flora exclude pathogens? - ✔✔There is a limited amount of space and
nutrients at colonized sites. If normal flora are occupying these sites, pathogens cannot gain a
foothold.
Which vitamin can we (humans) not make, but that is essential for us? Gut bacteria make it for
us. - ✔✔Vitamin K
What kind of bacteria, typically in the gut, usually do good things for us? - ✔✔Probiotics
Presence of ____ doesn't always mean disease is ongoing or that ___ need to be prescribed -
✔✔Bacteria; antibiotics
, What are the 7 functions/stages of pathogens/disease? - ✔✔Encounter
Entry
Spread (+/-)
Multiplication
Evasion of host defenses
Damage
Outcome
- Transmission to new host (+/-)
- Recovery or not
Regarding the 'Encounter' step, which type of infection is disease that started soon after
encounter? - ✔✔Exogenous
Regarding the 'Encounter' step, which type of infection is a stable relationship broke down? -
✔✔Endogenous
Where does most of the entry in pathogenesis occur? - ✔✔Mucosal membrane
What are some of the primary forms of direct inoculation? - ✔✔Trauma, bite, injection,
surgery
What is the primary entry virulence function? - ✔✔Adherence. Organisms must be able to
stick to the surface.
How do organisms accomplish adherence? Hint: it's not super glue. - ✔✔Specific ligand-
receptor interactions
What are some of the virulence factors for adherence? - ✔✔Structures: pilli/fimbriae,
fibrillae
