AICE Thinking Skills A Fallacies Exam |22
Complete Questions and Answers
Ad Hominem - -Rejects someone's argument or claim by attacking the
person rather than the person's argument or claim.
- Bandwagon Appeal - -A claim made that an idea should be accepted
because a large number of people favor it or believe it to be true,
- Inappropriate Appeal to Authority - -When an arguer cites an authority
who, there is a good reason to believe, is unreliable.
- Straw Man - -The arguer sets up a wimpy version of the opponent's
position and tries to score point by knocking it down.
- Red Herring - -Partway through an argument, the arguer goes off on a
tangent, raising a side that distracts the audience from what's really at
stake. Often, the arguer never returns to the original issue.
- Begging the Question - -A complicated fallacy, an argument that begs the
question asks the reader to simply accept the conclusion without providing
real evidence.
- Equivocation - -Sliding between two or more different meanings of a single
word or phrase that is important to the argument.
- Tu Quoque - -An arguer rejects another person;s argument or claim
because that person fails to practice what he or she teaches.
- Appeal to Pity - -An arguer attempts to evoke feelings of pity or
compassion when such feelings are not logically relevant to the arguer's
conclusion.
- Post Hoc (False Cause) - -This fallacy occurs when an arguer assumes,
without adequate reason, that because one event precedes another, that the
first event was the cause of the second.
- Hasty Generalization - -This fallacy occurs when an arguer draws a general
conclusion from a sample that is either biased or too small.
- False Dichotomy (Either-Or) - -The arguer sets up the situation so it looks
like there are only two choices. The arguer then eliminates one of the
choices, so it seems that we are left with one of the choices, so it seems that
we are left with only one option: the one the arguer wanted us to pick in the
first place.
Complete Questions and Answers
Ad Hominem - -Rejects someone's argument or claim by attacking the
person rather than the person's argument or claim.
- Bandwagon Appeal - -A claim made that an idea should be accepted
because a large number of people favor it or believe it to be true,
- Inappropriate Appeal to Authority - -When an arguer cites an authority
who, there is a good reason to believe, is unreliable.
- Straw Man - -The arguer sets up a wimpy version of the opponent's
position and tries to score point by knocking it down.
- Red Herring - -Partway through an argument, the arguer goes off on a
tangent, raising a side that distracts the audience from what's really at
stake. Often, the arguer never returns to the original issue.
- Begging the Question - -A complicated fallacy, an argument that begs the
question asks the reader to simply accept the conclusion without providing
real evidence.
- Equivocation - -Sliding between two or more different meanings of a single
word or phrase that is important to the argument.
- Tu Quoque - -An arguer rejects another person;s argument or claim
because that person fails to practice what he or she teaches.
- Appeal to Pity - -An arguer attempts to evoke feelings of pity or
compassion when such feelings are not logically relevant to the arguer's
conclusion.
- Post Hoc (False Cause) - -This fallacy occurs when an arguer assumes,
without adequate reason, that because one event precedes another, that the
first event was the cause of the second.
- Hasty Generalization - -This fallacy occurs when an arguer draws a general
conclusion from a sample that is either biased or too small.
- False Dichotomy (Either-Or) - -The arguer sets up the situation so it looks
like there are only two choices. The arguer then eliminates one of the
choices, so it seems that we are left with one of the choices, so it seems that
we are left with only one option: the one the arguer wanted us to pick in the
first place.
