AH 4242 Exam 2 Questions And
Correct Answers
Culture - ANSWER The set of acceptable behaviors, beliefs and material traits of aracial,
religious or social group.
It influences: - ANSWER - views of health and illness
- how to make decisions about treatment/care
- what types of treatments are considered acceptable
- how someone relates to/manages pain, injuries
- whether someone feels they have control over their health
- likelihood of someone following treatment directives
Cultural Imposition - ANSWER When a person or group believes others should adhere to
itsvalues and patterns of behavior
Cultural Sensitivity - ANSWER - Awareness that cultural differences and similarities
between people exist
- Without assigning them a value - positive or negative, better or worse, right or wrong
- Awareness that culture has an affect on values, learning and behavior
- A set of skills that allows you to understand and learn about people whose cultural
background is not the same as your own
Cultural Sensitivity - ANSWER Denial, Defense, Minimization, Acceptance, Adaptation,
Integration
Tips for Improving Cultural Sensitivity In Healthcare - ANSWER - Show genuine curiosity
about learning about other cultural practices
- Encourage patients to discuss beliefs
- Look for confusion/resistance - Treat all patients with compassion
- Seek out opportunities to interact with others with backgrounds and life experiences
different than your own
Sensorimotor - ANSWER - Birth - 2 years
,- Primitive reflexes
Preoperational - ANSWER - 2-7 years
- Self-centered
Concrete Operational - ANSWER - 7-11 years
- Greater reasoning skills
Formal Operational - ANSWER - 11-15 years
- Understand abstract concepts
When children are ill, their developmental stage can sometimes digress - ANSWER True
Considerations for Children - ANSWER - Get on eye level with them
- Sit, kneel, or squat
- Avoid standing over the child
- Tell them before touching
- Be honest about whether a procedure will hurt
- Involve them
- Ask the child questions if developmentally appropriate
- Let them handle equipment, as appropriate
- Speak to the child whenever feasible
- Do not scold/shame for crying
- Reward with stickers/toys, not food
- Avoid idioms
- Children are very literal
- Explain procedures in clear terms
Sex - ANSWER A medical term designating a certain combination of primary and
secondary sex characteristics, hormones, and chromosomes. The categories include
intersex, female, and male1
Gender Identity - ANSWER A person's internal sense of gender, or a lack thereof. This is
information that each person can identify for themselves, and it is likely to be based on
gender in their society
Sexual Orientation - ANSWER - The desire or lack of desire for intimate emotional and/or
, sexual relationships with people of the same gender/sex, another gender/sex, or
multiple genders/sexes
Why is SOGI information important inhealth care? - ANSWER - Significant health
disparities exist in the LGBTQIA+ community, including higher rates of smoking, alcohol,
other drug use, and depression and anxiety
- Certain diseases are more common in this community: HIV- PrEP
- Impact of sex vs. GI on appropriate health screenings
- Impact of sexual orientation on safer sex education
PrEP is a new HIV prevention in which people who do not have HUV infection take a pill
daily to reduce their risk of becoming infected - ANSWER 92% effective
Communication Tips - ANSWER - Ask "What pronouns do you use?"
- Introduce yourself with your own pronouns.
- Do not assume someone's pronouns based on their appearance.
- If someone doesn't share their pronouns with you, or doesn't want to share their
pronouns, you can use their name
- It is not always possible to avoid mistakes - apologize for errors
Bias - ANSWER - A tendency to favor one way of thinking
- Implicit bias
- Explicit bias
Literacy - ANSWER - The ability to read and write.
- The ability, confidence and willingness to engage with language to acquire, construct
and communicate meaning in all aspects of daily living
Health Literacy - ANSWER - The degree to which individuals have the ability to find,
understand, and use information and services to inform health-related decisions and
actions for themselves and others.
Literacy does not equal - ANSWER Health literacy
Prevalence of low HL - ANSWER - 36% of US adults were assessed as having limited
health literacy1
- 35% of adults have low health literacy - Healthy People 2030: Objective to increase the
health literacy of the population
Assessments of low HL - ANSWER - Formal assessments:
Correct Answers
Culture - ANSWER The set of acceptable behaviors, beliefs and material traits of aracial,
religious or social group.
It influences: - ANSWER - views of health and illness
- how to make decisions about treatment/care
- what types of treatments are considered acceptable
- how someone relates to/manages pain, injuries
- whether someone feels they have control over their health
- likelihood of someone following treatment directives
Cultural Imposition - ANSWER When a person or group believes others should adhere to
itsvalues and patterns of behavior
Cultural Sensitivity - ANSWER - Awareness that cultural differences and similarities
between people exist
- Without assigning them a value - positive or negative, better or worse, right or wrong
- Awareness that culture has an affect on values, learning and behavior
- A set of skills that allows you to understand and learn about people whose cultural
background is not the same as your own
Cultural Sensitivity - ANSWER Denial, Defense, Minimization, Acceptance, Adaptation,
Integration
Tips for Improving Cultural Sensitivity In Healthcare - ANSWER - Show genuine curiosity
about learning about other cultural practices
- Encourage patients to discuss beliefs
- Look for confusion/resistance - Treat all patients with compassion
- Seek out opportunities to interact with others with backgrounds and life experiences
different than your own
Sensorimotor - ANSWER - Birth - 2 years
,- Primitive reflexes
Preoperational - ANSWER - 2-7 years
- Self-centered
Concrete Operational - ANSWER - 7-11 years
- Greater reasoning skills
Formal Operational - ANSWER - 11-15 years
- Understand abstract concepts
When children are ill, their developmental stage can sometimes digress - ANSWER True
Considerations for Children - ANSWER - Get on eye level with them
- Sit, kneel, or squat
- Avoid standing over the child
- Tell them before touching
- Be honest about whether a procedure will hurt
- Involve them
- Ask the child questions if developmentally appropriate
- Let them handle equipment, as appropriate
- Speak to the child whenever feasible
- Do not scold/shame for crying
- Reward with stickers/toys, not food
- Avoid idioms
- Children are very literal
- Explain procedures in clear terms
Sex - ANSWER A medical term designating a certain combination of primary and
secondary sex characteristics, hormones, and chromosomes. The categories include
intersex, female, and male1
Gender Identity - ANSWER A person's internal sense of gender, or a lack thereof. This is
information that each person can identify for themselves, and it is likely to be based on
gender in their society
Sexual Orientation - ANSWER - The desire or lack of desire for intimate emotional and/or
, sexual relationships with people of the same gender/sex, another gender/sex, or
multiple genders/sexes
Why is SOGI information important inhealth care? - ANSWER - Significant health
disparities exist in the LGBTQIA+ community, including higher rates of smoking, alcohol,
other drug use, and depression and anxiety
- Certain diseases are more common in this community: HIV- PrEP
- Impact of sex vs. GI on appropriate health screenings
- Impact of sexual orientation on safer sex education
PrEP is a new HIV prevention in which people who do not have HUV infection take a pill
daily to reduce their risk of becoming infected - ANSWER 92% effective
Communication Tips - ANSWER - Ask "What pronouns do you use?"
- Introduce yourself with your own pronouns.
- Do not assume someone's pronouns based on their appearance.
- If someone doesn't share their pronouns with you, or doesn't want to share their
pronouns, you can use their name
- It is not always possible to avoid mistakes - apologize for errors
Bias - ANSWER - A tendency to favor one way of thinking
- Implicit bias
- Explicit bias
Literacy - ANSWER - The ability to read and write.
- The ability, confidence and willingness to engage with language to acquire, construct
and communicate meaning in all aspects of daily living
Health Literacy - ANSWER - The degree to which individuals have the ability to find,
understand, and use information and services to inform health-related decisions and
actions for themselves and others.
Literacy does not equal - ANSWER Health literacy
Prevalence of low HL - ANSWER - 36% of US adults were assessed as having limited
health literacy1
- 35% of adults have low health literacy - Healthy People 2030: Objective to increase the
health literacy of the population
Assessments of low HL - ANSWER - Formal assessments:
