WGU pathophysiology d236 Exam
Questions and Answers
Body response to infection - Correct Answers -T cells produce cytokines which
stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies
Factors that disrupt homeostasis and how they affect wellbeing - Correct Answers -fluid
and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias
RAAS - Correct Answers -1. reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
2. produce angiotensin I
converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
3. vasoconstriction
4. release aldosterone
5. kidneys conserve sodium and water
6. result less water lost in urine and BP maintained
normal blood pH - Correct Answers -7.35-7.45
Maintain acid-base balance - Correct Answers -CO2 combines with H2O which converts
to HCO3 and H+
Acidic (low pH) - Correct Answers -High H+ concentration
Alkaline (high pH) - Correct Answers -low H+ concentration
CO2 directly relates to what? - Correct Answers -H+ concentration
more CO2= more H+
less CO2= less H+
ROME - Correct Answers -Respiratory Opposite Metabolic Equal
Anion Gap - Correct Answers -apparent different between abundances of cations (K+
and Ca+) and anions (Cl- and HCO3-)
Bigger anion gap - Correct Answers -Lactic acidosis
Ketoacidosis
Renal Failure
Overdose ASA
, what causes larger anion gap? - Correct Answers -increased H+ absorbs excess
HCO3-
leaves less HCO3- in blood stream
creates bigger anion gap
equals metabolic acidosis
Upper respiratory diseases - Correct Answers -Acute Rhinits
Acute Pharyngitis
Acute sinusitis
Acute Tonsillitis
Epiglottitis
Croup
Lower Respiratory Diseases - Correct Answers -Acute Bronchitis
Pneumonia
Lung Abscess
TB
Environmental lung disorders - Correct Answers -Coal workers pneumoconiosis (fibrotic
and obstructive causes lung necrosis= black lung)
Asbestosis
Silicosis
Hodgkin's lymphoma - Correct Answers -Caused by malignant B lymphocytes
presence of Reed-Sternberg cells
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma - Correct Answers -caused by cancerous T cells, B cells,
and/or NK cells
enlarged painless lymph nodes
Multiple myeloma - Correct Answers -Incurable B cell malignancy
higher in men than women
s/s severe back pain, spinal cord compression due to vertebral lesions, B/B
incontinence, paralysis of lower extremities
Low survival rate, treatments usually deferred
True aneurysms - Correct Answers -involve all 3 vessel layers
Respiratory Acidosis (CO2 retention= decreased pH) - Correct Answers -COPD
Infection
Asthma
Respiratory Alkalosis (CO2 expulsion= increased pH) - Correct Answers -
Hyperventilation
Metabolic acidosis - Correct Answers -DKA
Questions and Answers
Body response to infection - Correct Answers -T cells produce cytokines which
stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies
Factors that disrupt homeostasis and how they affect wellbeing - Correct Answers -fluid
and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias
RAAS - Correct Answers -1. reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
2. produce angiotensin I
converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
3. vasoconstriction
4. release aldosterone
5. kidneys conserve sodium and water
6. result less water lost in urine and BP maintained
normal blood pH - Correct Answers -7.35-7.45
Maintain acid-base balance - Correct Answers -CO2 combines with H2O which converts
to HCO3 and H+
Acidic (low pH) - Correct Answers -High H+ concentration
Alkaline (high pH) - Correct Answers -low H+ concentration
CO2 directly relates to what? - Correct Answers -H+ concentration
more CO2= more H+
less CO2= less H+
ROME - Correct Answers -Respiratory Opposite Metabolic Equal
Anion Gap - Correct Answers -apparent different between abundances of cations (K+
and Ca+) and anions (Cl- and HCO3-)
Bigger anion gap - Correct Answers -Lactic acidosis
Ketoacidosis
Renal Failure
Overdose ASA
, what causes larger anion gap? - Correct Answers -increased H+ absorbs excess
HCO3-
leaves less HCO3- in blood stream
creates bigger anion gap
equals metabolic acidosis
Upper respiratory diseases - Correct Answers -Acute Rhinits
Acute Pharyngitis
Acute sinusitis
Acute Tonsillitis
Epiglottitis
Croup
Lower Respiratory Diseases - Correct Answers -Acute Bronchitis
Pneumonia
Lung Abscess
TB
Environmental lung disorders - Correct Answers -Coal workers pneumoconiosis (fibrotic
and obstructive causes lung necrosis= black lung)
Asbestosis
Silicosis
Hodgkin's lymphoma - Correct Answers -Caused by malignant B lymphocytes
presence of Reed-Sternberg cells
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma - Correct Answers -caused by cancerous T cells, B cells,
and/or NK cells
enlarged painless lymph nodes
Multiple myeloma - Correct Answers -Incurable B cell malignancy
higher in men than women
s/s severe back pain, spinal cord compression due to vertebral lesions, B/B
incontinence, paralysis of lower extremities
Low survival rate, treatments usually deferred
True aneurysms - Correct Answers -involve all 3 vessel layers
Respiratory Acidosis (CO2 retention= decreased pH) - Correct Answers -COPD
Infection
Asthma
Respiratory Alkalosis (CO2 expulsion= increased pH) - Correct Answers -
Hyperventilation
Metabolic acidosis - Correct Answers -DKA
