PSYC 012- Chapter 9 Inquizitive Questions And Answers (Rated 100%)
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about the types of multivariate correlational studies. -
Answers A(n) [ longitudinal study ] is conducted over a longer period of time than a typical correlational
study to help establish [ temporal precedence ]. A(n) [ multiple-regression ] analysis considers more than
two variables in the same analysis and can help improve [ internal validity ].
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about three types of correlations. - Answers In a(n) [ cross-
sectional correlation ], two variables measured at the same time are associated. If an earlier measure of
a variable is associated with a later measure of the same variable, a(n) [ autocorrelation ] occurs. In a(n)
[ cross-lag correlation ], an earlier measure of one variable is associated with a later measure of a
different variable. These three types of correlations are usually found in [ longitudinal ] designs.
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about variables that influence associations. - Answers
Additional variables may often add nuance or an alternative explanation for a relationship. A
[ moderator ] is a variable that explains how the two main variables are related in different ways
depending on the situation. A [ mediator ] explains why two variables may be related based on an
internal factor that connects them.
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about multiple regression. - Answers Multiple regression can
help eliminate problems with [ internal validity ] by controlling for potential third variables. It sets
[ predictor ] variable(s) that influence the [ criterion ] variable, which is the outcome of interest. Effect
sizes in multiple-regression analyses can be represented by both [ beta ], which is a standardized effect
size, and [ b ], which is an unstandardized effect size.
Identify the true and false statements about pattern and parsimony. - Answers True Statement(s):
The pattern and parsimony technique relies on the weight of the evidence from multiple studies.
The pattern and parsimony technique exemplifies the theory-data cycle.
False Statement(s):
The pattern and parsimony technique works best when all of the studies surrounding a theory use the
same methodology.
The pattern and parsimony technique can be considered only with experiments.
What type of approach do researchers use when they investigate causality with a variety of correlational
studies that all point in a single, causal direction? - Answers pattern and parsimony
Jonide comes across a newspaper article with the headline, "Bigger Weddings Lead to Happier
Marriages." She reads that researchers recruited 418 married couples from a local shopping center and
collected their responses to a variety of survey questions, including some asking about the number of
, guests at their wedding and their relationship happiness (measured with questions about spousal
satisfaction). This table presents the results of the study.
Identify the validities that are reasonably established in this study. - Answers Established:
statistical validity
construct validity
Not Established:
external validity
internal validity
Identify whether or not each psychological finding reported in the popular press represents multiple
regression. - Answers Multiple Regression:
"Facebook use predicted eating disorders in students only when adjusting for social comparison
behavior."
"Children in Head Start programs were found to be more successful than regular students once
researchers controlled for socioeconomic status."
Not Multiple Regression:
"Mediation was found to be helpful in treating substance abuse disorder in women but not in men."
"Researchers found that age was indeed predictive of more conservative values."
João is investigating the relationship between body dissatisfaction as a predictor variable and mental
distress as the criterion variable. He suspects that self-esteem may mediate the relationship between
these two variables.
Which of the following statements would need to be true in order to establish that self-esteem is a
mediator in the relationship between body dissatisfaction and mental distress? - Answers Correct
Answer (s):
Body dissatisfaction is a significant predictor of mental distress.
Self-esteem is a significant predictor of mental distress.
Incorrect Answer(s):
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about the types of multivariate correlational studies. -
Answers A(n) [ longitudinal study ] is conducted over a longer period of time than a typical correlational
study to help establish [ temporal precedence ]. A(n) [ multiple-regression ] analysis considers more than
two variables in the same analysis and can help improve [ internal validity ].
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about three types of correlations. - Answers In a(n) [ cross-
sectional correlation ], two variables measured at the same time are associated. If an earlier measure of
a variable is associated with a later measure of the same variable, a(n) [ autocorrelation ] occurs. In a(n)
[ cross-lag correlation ], an earlier measure of one variable is associated with a later measure of a
different variable. These three types of correlations are usually found in [ longitudinal ] designs.
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about variables that influence associations. - Answers
Additional variables may often add nuance or an alternative explanation for a relationship. A
[ moderator ] is a variable that explains how the two main variables are related in different ways
depending on the situation. A [ mediator ] explains why two variables may be related based on an
internal factor that connects them.
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about multiple regression. - Answers Multiple regression can
help eliminate problems with [ internal validity ] by controlling for potential third variables. It sets
[ predictor ] variable(s) that influence the [ criterion ] variable, which is the outcome of interest. Effect
sizes in multiple-regression analyses can be represented by both [ beta ], which is a standardized effect
size, and [ b ], which is an unstandardized effect size.
Identify the true and false statements about pattern and parsimony. - Answers True Statement(s):
The pattern and parsimony technique relies on the weight of the evidence from multiple studies.
The pattern and parsimony technique exemplifies the theory-data cycle.
False Statement(s):
The pattern and parsimony technique works best when all of the studies surrounding a theory use the
same methodology.
The pattern and parsimony technique can be considered only with experiments.
What type of approach do researchers use when they investigate causality with a variety of correlational
studies that all point in a single, causal direction? - Answers pattern and parsimony
Jonide comes across a newspaper article with the headline, "Bigger Weddings Lead to Happier
Marriages." She reads that researchers recruited 418 married couples from a local shopping center and
collected their responses to a variety of survey questions, including some asking about the number of
, guests at their wedding and their relationship happiness (measured with questions about spousal
satisfaction). This table presents the results of the study.
Identify the validities that are reasonably established in this study. - Answers Established:
statistical validity
construct validity
Not Established:
external validity
internal validity
Identify whether or not each psychological finding reported in the popular press represents multiple
regression. - Answers Multiple Regression:
"Facebook use predicted eating disorders in students only when adjusting for social comparison
behavior."
"Children in Head Start programs were found to be more successful than regular students once
researchers controlled for socioeconomic status."
Not Multiple Regression:
"Mediation was found to be helpful in treating substance abuse disorder in women but not in men."
"Researchers found that age was indeed predictive of more conservative values."
João is investigating the relationship between body dissatisfaction as a predictor variable and mental
distress as the criterion variable. He suspects that self-esteem may mediate the relationship between
these two variables.
Which of the following statements would need to be true in order to establish that self-esteem is a
mediator in the relationship between body dissatisfaction and mental distress? - Answers Correct
Answer (s):
Body dissatisfaction is a significant predictor of mental distress.
Self-esteem is a significant predictor of mental distress.
Incorrect Answer(s):
