Scribe.ology final orientation exam
Superior and Inferior - Answer-describe structures that are above and below each
other, superior being above and inferior being below
Anterior and Posterior - Answer-describes structures that are in front of and behind
each other, anterior being front, posterior being back
Proximal and Distal - Answer-describes structures that are closer or farther from the
core of the body. Proximal structures are closer to the core, distal are farther away.
(For example, the knee is proximal to the ankle)
Lateral and Medial - Answer-describes how close a structure is to the midline of the
body. Structures described as lateral are farther away from the midline, while medial
structures are closer to the midline.
Coronal Plane - Answer-divides the body into front and back
Sagittal Plane - Answer-divides the body in left and right halves*
Transvers Plane - Answer-divides the body into top and bottom*
Antecubital - Answer-front of elbow
Axillary - Answer-armpit
Brachial - Answer-arm
Carpal - Answer-wrist
Cephalic - Answer-head
Cervical - Answer-neck
Crural - Answer-leg
Deltoid - Answer-shoulder
Digital - Answer-finger
Dorsum of foot - Answer-top of foot
Femoral - Answer-thigh
Inguinal - Answer-groin
Mammary - Answer-breast
,Nasal - Answer-nose
Oral - Answer-mouth
Palmar - Answer-palm
Patellar - Answer-knee
Pectoral - Answer-chest
Ped - Answer-foot
Pelvic - Answer-hips
Pubic - Answer-genitals
Tarsal - Answer-ankles
Retina - Answer-contains the cones and rods and allows for vision
Optic Nerve - Answer-transmits the visual signals from the eye to the brain
Lens - Answer-Focuses the image towards the back of the eye
Extra Ocular Muscles - Answer-Muscles surrounding the eye that allow it to move
within the eye socket.
Iris - Answer-Circular structure in the front of the eye, containing the pigment that
determines eyes color.
Pupil - Answer-the hole in the center of the iris, where light passes through on its
way to the retina.
Nasal Turbinate - Answer-curved shelf of bones on the top of the pharynx
Tonsils - Answer-Immune structures all over the body
Epiglottis - Answer-flap of tissue that covers the trachea while swallowing
Trachea - Answer-tube that leads to the lungs
Esophagus - Answer-tube that leads to the Stomach
Oropharynx - Answer-mouth
Pinna - Answer-outer ear
Malleus, Incus, Stapes - Answer-the bones of the middle ear that transmit sound
Tympanic Membrane - Answer-eardrum
,Semicircular canals - Answer-fluid filled canals responsible for balance
Cochlea - Answer-Organ that turns vibrations into nerve impulses
Eustachian Tube - Answer-narrow passageway that leads from the middle ear to the
pharynx. Allows for equalization of pressure within the ear.
Scrotum - Answer-skin surrounding the testicles
Testicle - Answer-oval structure that produces sperm
Epididymis - Answer-tube behind the scrotum where sperm develop their tails,
connects to the vas deferens.
Vas deferens - Answer-tube that transports mature sperm to the urethra
Urethra - Answer-the duct that moves urine and sperm out of the body
Penis - Answer-Male reproductive organ
Foreskin - Answer-tissue that protects that glans penis and urinary area when penis
is not erect. Removed during circumcision in some culures.
Corpus cavernosum - Answer-large sections of tissue that fill with blood during a
erection
Corpus spongiousum - Answer-large section of tissue sourrounding the urethra that
fills with blood during a erection.
Ovaries - Answer-Female reproductive organ producing eggs
Oviduct - Answer-tube that transports the egg to the ovary
Uterus - Answer-organ where the embryo implants and gestates.
Cervix - Answer-lower end of the utuerus, narrow passageway
Vagina - Answer-muscular tube leading from the external genetailia to the cervix
Urethra - Answer-tube responsible for movement of urine out of the body
Vulva - Answer-general term for external female genetalia
Clitoris - Answer-small, highly sensitive part of the vulva at the anterior end
Labia minora - Answer-small, inner folds of the vulva
Labia majora - Answer-large, outer folds of the vulva
, Scapula - Answer-shoulder blade,connects the humerus to the clavicle
Humerus - Answer-upper arm bone
Humeral Trochlea - Answer-Grooves at the end of the humerus, connecting the
radius and ulna
Humeral Shaft - Answer-Long, narrow part of the bone
Humeral Head - Answer-Top of the humerus connecting it to the scapula
Radius - Answer-Bone of the forearm, on the same side as the thumb.
Ulna - Answer-Bone of the forearm, opposite side as the thumb
Carpal - Answer-bones of the base of the hand
Metacarpal - Answer-Intermediate bones part of the hands, form the majority of the
palm
Phalanges - Answer-: Bones on the tip of the finger (arranged in sets of 3: proximal,
middle, distal)
DIP joint - Answer-Distal interphalangeal joint. The joint between the farthest and
middle phalange of a given finger
PIP joint - Answer-: Proximal interphalangeal joint. The joint Between the middle and
closest phalange of a given finger.
MP joint - Answer-Joints between the proximal phalange and the metacarpal bones
Sacroilliac Joint - Answer-Fused joint between the sacrum And the illium
Coxal Joint - Answer-General term for the entire hip bone
Ilium - Answer-Top crests of the hip
Pubic Bone - Answer-bone forming the top of the lower foramen (hole)
Ischium - Answer-bone forming the bottom of the lower foramen (hole)
Pubic symphysis - Answer-the connective tissue that holds the two sections of the
hips together
Femur - Answer-the bone that runs through the thigh
Patella - Answer-kneecap
Fibula - Answer-The smaller of the two lower leg bones, always located laterally (the
outside)
Superior and Inferior - Answer-describe structures that are above and below each
other, superior being above and inferior being below
Anterior and Posterior - Answer-describes structures that are in front of and behind
each other, anterior being front, posterior being back
Proximal and Distal - Answer-describes structures that are closer or farther from the
core of the body. Proximal structures are closer to the core, distal are farther away.
(For example, the knee is proximal to the ankle)
Lateral and Medial - Answer-describes how close a structure is to the midline of the
body. Structures described as lateral are farther away from the midline, while medial
structures are closer to the midline.
Coronal Plane - Answer-divides the body into front and back
Sagittal Plane - Answer-divides the body in left and right halves*
Transvers Plane - Answer-divides the body into top and bottom*
Antecubital - Answer-front of elbow
Axillary - Answer-armpit
Brachial - Answer-arm
Carpal - Answer-wrist
Cephalic - Answer-head
Cervical - Answer-neck
Crural - Answer-leg
Deltoid - Answer-shoulder
Digital - Answer-finger
Dorsum of foot - Answer-top of foot
Femoral - Answer-thigh
Inguinal - Answer-groin
Mammary - Answer-breast
,Nasal - Answer-nose
Oral - Answer-mouth
Palmar - Answer-palm
Patellar - Answer-knee
Pectoral - Answer-chest
Ped - Answer-foot
Pelvic - Answer-hips
Pubic - Answer-genitals
Tarsal - Answer-ankles
Retina - Answer-contains the cones and rods and allows for vision
Optic Nerve - Answer-transmits the visual signals from the eye to the brain
Lens - Answer-Focuses the image towards the back of the eye
Extra Ocular Muscles - Answer-Muscles surrounding the eye that allow it to move
within the eye socket.
Iris - Answer-Circular structure in the front of the eye, containing the pigment that
determines eyes color.
Pupil - Answer-the hole in the center of the iris, where light passes through on its
way to the retina.
Nasal Turbinate - Answer-curved shelf of bones on the top of the pharynx
Tonsils - Answer-Immune structures all over the body
Epiglottis - Answer-flap of tissue that covers the trachea while swallowing
Trachea - Answer-tube that leads to the lungs
Esophagus - Answer-tube that leads to the Stomach
Oropharynx - Answer-mouth
Pinna - Answer-outer ear
Malleus, Incus, Stapes - Answer-the bones of the middle ear that transmit sound
Tympanic Membrane - Answer-eardrum
,Semicircular canals - Answer-fluid filled canals responsible for balance
Cochlea - Answer-Organ that turns vibrations into nerve impulses
Eustachian Tube - Answer-narrow passageway that leads from the middle ear to the
pharynx. Allows for equalization of pressure within the ear.
Scrotum - Answer-skin surrounding the testicles
Testicle - Answer-oval structure that produces sperm
Epididymis - Answer-tube behind the scrotum where sperm develop their tails,
connects to the vas deferens.
Vas deferens - Answer-tube that transports mature sperm to the urethra
Urethra - Answer-the duct that moves urine and sperm out of the body
Penis - Answer-Male reproductive organ
Foreskin - Answer-tissue that protects that glans penis and urinary area when penis
is not erect. Removed during circumcision in some culures.
Corpus cavernosum - Answer-large sections of tissue that fill with blood during a
erection
Corpus spongiousum - Answer-large section of tissue sourrounding the urethra that
fills with blood during a erection.
Ovaries - Answer-Female reproductive organ producing eggs
Oviduct - Answer-tube that transports the egg to the ovary
Uterus - Answer-organ where the embryo implants and gestates.
Cervix - Answer-lower end of the utuerus, narrow passageway
Vagina - Answer-muscular tube leading from the external genetailia to the cervix
Urethra - Answer-tube responsible for movement of urine out of the body
Vulva - Answer-general term for external female genetalia
Clitoris - Answer-small, highly sensitive part of the vulva at the anterior end
Labia minora - Answer-small, inner folds of the vulva
Labia majora - Answer-large, outer folds of the vulva
, Scapula - Answer-shoulder blade,connects the humerus to the clavicle
Humerus - Answer-upper arm bone
Humeral Trochlea - Answer-Grooves at the end of the humerus, connecting the
radius and ulna
Humeral Shaft - Answer-Long, narrow part of the bone
Humeral Head - Answer-Top of the humerus connecting it to the scapula
Radius - Answer-Bone of the forearm, on the same side as the thumb.
Ulna - Answer-Bone of the forearm, opposite side as the thumb
Carpal - Answer-bones of the base of the hand
Metacarpal - Answer-Intermediate bones part of the hands, form the majority of the
palm
Phalanges - Answer-: Bones on the tip of the finger (arranged in sets of 3: proximal,
middle, distal)
DIP joint - Answer-Distal interphalangeal joint. The joint between the farthest and
middle phalange of a given finger
PIP joint - Answer-: Proximal interphalangeal joint. The joint Between the middle and
closest phalange of a given finger.
MP joint - Answer-Joints between the proximal phalange and the metacarpal bones
Sacroilliac Joint - Answer-Fused joint between the sacrum And the illium
Coxal Joint - Answer-General term for the entire hip bone
Ilium - Answer-Top crests of the hip
Pubic Bone - Answer-bone forming the top of the lower foramen (hole)
Ischium - Answer-bone forming the bottom of the lower foramen (hole)
Pubic symphysis - Answer-the connective tissue that holds the two sections of the
hips together
Femur - Answer-the bone that runs through the thigh
Patella - Answer-kneecap
Fibula - Answer-The smaller of the two lower leg bones, always located laterally (the
outside)
