Chapter 4 – Assessment and Health Promotion
Female Reproductive
System
-External structures
• Mons pubis
• Labia majora and labia
minora
• Prepuce
• Frenulum
• Fourchette
• Clitoris
• Vaginal vestibule
• Perineum
-Internal structures
• Uterine wall
• Endometrium
• Myometrium
• Peritoneum (partial)
• Uterine tubes (fallopian
tubes)
• Attach to uterine
fundus
• Divided into 4
sections
• Ovaries
• Ovulation
• Hormone
production
• Bony pelvis: primary
purpose to protect the pelvic structures. Accommodates the growing fetus
during pregnancy. Anchors the pelvic support structures
• Bony pelvis: two parts. False pelvis and True pelvis
• Vagina
• Uterus
• Corpus—upper triangular portion
• Fundus—dome-shaped top of uterus
• Cervix—lower cylindrical portion
, • Isthmus—lower uterine segment that separates the corpus from the
cervix
• Uterine tubes
• Fallopian tubes
• Ovaries
• Breasts - Each mammary gland is made up of a number of lobes divided into
lobules
o Lobules are clusters of acini
o Acinus is a saclike terminal part of a compound gland emptying through a
narrow lumen or duct.
o Acini are lined with epithelial cells that secrete colostrum and milk.
• Change in size and nodularity in response to cyclic ovarian changes
• Physiologic alterations in breast size reach minimal level 5 to 7 days after
menstruation stops
• Breast self-examination (BSE) best carried out during this phase of
menstrual cycle
• Function
• Lactation
• Sexual arousal in mature adult
• Located between second and sixth ribs
• Upper 2/3 overlies pectoralis muscle
• Lower 1/3 overlies serratus anterior muscle
• Estrogen
• Stimulates growth of breasts
• Increases vascularity
• Progesterone
• Causes mammary gland maturation
Female Reproductive
System
-External structures
• Mons pubis
• Labia majora and labia
minora
• Prepuce
• Frenulum
• Fourchette
• Clitoris
• Vaginal vestibule
• Perineum
-Internal structures
• Uterine wall
• Endometrium
• Myometrium
• Peritoneum (partial)
• Uterine tubes (fallopian
tubes)
• Attach to uterine
fundus
• Divided into 4
sections
• Ovaries
• Ovulation
• Hormone
production
• Bony pelvis: primary
purpose to protect the pelvic structures. Accommodates the growing fetus
during pregnancy. Anchors the pelvic support structures
• Bony pelvis: two parts. False pelvis and True pelvis
• Vagina
• Uterus
• Corpus—upper triangular portion
• Fundus—dome-shaped top of uterus
• Cervix—lower cylindrical portion
, • Isthmus—lower uterine segment that separates the corpus from the
cervix
• Uterine tubes
• Fallopian tubes
• Ovaries
• Breasts - Each mammary gland is made up of a number of lobes divided into
lobules
o Lobules are clusters of acini
o Acinus is a saclike terminal part of a compound gland emptying through a
narrow lumen or duct.
o Acini are lined with epithelial cells that secrete colostrum and milk.
• Change in size and nodularity in response to cyclic ovarian changes
• Physiologic alterations in breast size reach minimal level 5 to 7 days after
menstruation stops
• Breast self-examination (BSE) best carried out during this phase of
menstrual cycle
• Function
• Lactation
• Sexual arousal in mature adult
• Located between second and sixth ribs
• Upper 2/3 overlies pectoralis muscle
• Lower 1/3 overlies serratus anterior muscle
• Estrogen
• Stimulates growth of breasts
• Increases vascularity
• Progesterone
• Causes mammary gland maturation
