Anatomy
2. The Gut And Peritoneal Cavity
Compiled By Muchiri Simon
Edition: 2024/25
, Medical & Nursing | Anatomy I of V pages
1. What type of epithelium is the peritoneum?
Simple squamous epithelium: mesothelium
2. Peritoneum
continuous membrane lining the abdominal cavity consisting of mesothelial layer supported by a layer of
3. What is contained in the peritoneal cavity?
Nothing It is a potential spaceThere is only a small amount of fluid
4. How does the peritoneum relate to viscera of the abdomen?
Intra-abdominal organs are suspended in peritoneal reflections (mesenteries)
5. Which germ layers does the gut tube develop from?
Endoderm and splanchnic mesoderm
6. Which mesenteries suspend the different parts of the gut tube?
Entire gut tube is suspended by dorsal mesentery
Foregut is ALSO suspended by ventral mesentery
7. Mesenteries
peritoneal folds attaching viscera to the abdominal wall
8. What do the peritoneal folds act as a conduit for?
NervesBlood vesselsLymphatics
9. Visceral and parietal peritoneum
VISCERAL: covering the suspended organs PARIETAL: lines the abdominal wall.
10. What is the difference between intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal: surrounded by peritoneumRetroperitoneal: behind the peritoneum, not totally surrounded by
11. State 3 viscera that are secondarily retroperitoneal.
Duodenum (except the 1st part) Pancreas (tail is intraperitoneal)Colon (ascending and descending only)
12. State 5 viscera that were retroperitoneal from the start.
Kidneys
Great vessels
Adrenal glands
Oesophagus
Rectum
13. What are secondary retroperitoneal organs?
Organs that originally had a mesentery, then became secondarily retroperitoneal when the mesentery fused
14. What are the 3 divisions of the gut tube and what defines their borders?
Foregut: distal 1/3 of the oesophagus to just inferior of major duodenal papilla (2nd part of duodenum: at the
of the bile duct)Midgut: 2nd part of the duodenum to 2/3 along the transverse colon Hindgut: Distal 1/3 of
Anatomy 2024/25 Edition
2. The Gut And Peritoneal Cavity
Compiled By Muchiri Simon
Edition: 2024/25
, Medical & Nursing | Anatomy I of V pages
1. What type of epithelium is the peritoneum?
Simple squamous epithelium: mesothelium
2. Peritoneum
continuous membrane lining the abdominal cavity consisting of mesothelial layer supported by a layer of
3. What is contained in the peritoneal cavity?
Nothing It is a potential spaceThere is only a small amount of fluid
4. How does the peritoneum relate to viscera of the abdomen?
Intra-abdominal organs are suspended in peritoneal reflections (mesenteries)
5. Which germ layers does the gut tube develop from?
Endoderm and splanchnic mesoderm
6. Which mesenteries suspend the different parts of the gut tube?
Entire gut tube is suspended by dorsal mesentery
Foregut is ALSO suspended by ventral mesentery
7. Mesenteries
peritoneal folds attaching viscera to the abdominal wall
8. What do the peritoneal folds act as a conduit for?
NervesBlood vesselsLymphatics
9. Visceral and parietal peritoneum
VISCERAL: covering the suspended organs PARIETAL: lines the abdominal wall.
10. What is the difference between intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal: surrounded by peritoneumRetroperitoneal: behind the peritoneum, not totally surrounded by
11. State 3 viscera that are secondarily retroperitoneal.
Duodenum (except the 1st part) Pancreas (tail is intraperitoneal)Colon (ascending and descending only)
12. State 5 viscera that were retroperitoneal from the start.
Kidneys
Great vessels
Adrenal glands
Oesophagus
Rectum
13. What are secondary retroperitoneal organs?
Organs that originally had a mesentery, then became secondarily retroperitoneal when the mesentery fused
14. What are the 3 divisions of the gut tube and what defines their borders?
Foregut: distal 1/3 of the oesophagus to just inferior of major duodenal papilla (2nd part of duodenum: at the
of the bile duct)Midgut: 2nd part of the duodenum to 2/3 along the transverse colon Hindgut: Distal 1/3 of
Anatomy 2024/25 Edition
