Introduction to Cultural Anthropology
Exam 1 Questions and Answers 100%
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Anthropology - ✔✔the study of humanity, including prehistoric origins and
contemporary human diversity
subfields: biological anthropology, archaeology, linguistic anthropology,
cultural anthropology
Biological anthropology - ✔✔(aka physical anthropology) the study of
humans as biological organisms, including evolution and contemporary
variation
subfields: primatology, paleoanthropology, contemporary human biological
variation
Primatology - ✔✔the study of nonhuman members of the order of
mammals called primates
Paleoanthropology - ✔✔the study of human evolution on the basis of the
fossil record
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©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Contemporary human biological variation - ✔✔the study of DNA within and
across populations to seek and explain differences in the biological makeup
and behavior of contemporary humans
Archaeology - ✔✔the study of past human cultures through their material
remains
subfields: prehistoric archaeology, historical archaeology
also: underwater archaeology, industrial archaeology, archaeology of
contemporary life (i.e. Garbage Project)
Prehistoric archaeology - ✔✔the study of the human past before written
records
Historical archaeology - ✔✔the study of the human past in societies that
have written documents
Linguistic anthropology - ✔✔the study of (mostly) human communication,
including its origins, history, and contemporary variation and change
subfields: historical linguistics, descriptive linguistics, sociolinguistics
Historical linguistics - ✔✔the study of language change over time and how
languages are related
Descriptive linguistics - ✔✔(aka structural linguistics) the study of how
contemporary languages differ in terms of their formal structure
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©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, Sociolinguistics - ✔✔the study of the relationships among social variation,
social context, and linguistic variation, including nonverbal communication
Cultural anthropology - ✔✔the study of contemporary people and their
cultures
specializations: economic, psychological, medical, political, international
development
Culture - ✔✔people's learned and shared behaviors and beliefs
- learned: through social interactions
-integrated
-themes manifest into dif. aspects of culture
-not the same as nature
-adopted babies
- variation even related to biological functions (eat, sleep)
-based on symbols
-capable of interaction and change
Lewis Henry Morgan - ✔✔Pioneer cultural anthropology-- armchair
anthropologist in Rochester, U.S.
*studied the Iroquois
*unilinear cultural evolution
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Exam 1 Questions and Answers 100%
Pass
Anthropology - ✔✔the study of humanity, including prehistoric origins and
contemporary human diversity
subfields: biological anthropology, archaeology, linguistic anthropology,
cultural anthropology
Biological anthropology - ✔✔(aka physical anthropology) the study of
humans as biological organisms, including evolution and contemporary
variation
subfields: primatology, paleoanthropology, contemporary human biological
variation
Primatology - ✔✔the study of nonhuman members of the order of
mammals called primates
Paleoanthropology - ✔✔the study of human evolution on the basis of the
fossil record
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Contemporary human biological variation - ✔✔the study of DNA within and
across populations to seek and explain differences in the biological makeup
and behavior of contemporary humans
Archaeology - ✔✔the study of past human cultures through their material
remains
subfields: prehistoric archaeology, historical archaeology
also: underwater archaeology, industrial archaeology, archaeology of
contemporary life (i.e. Garbage Project)
Prehistoric archaeology - ✔✔the study of the human past before written
records
Historical archaeology - ✔✔the study of the human past in societies that
have written documents
Linguistic anthropology - ✔✔the study of (mostly) human communication,
including its origins, history, and contemporary variation and change
subfields: historical linguistics, descriptive linguistics, sociolinguistics
Historical linguistics - ✔✔the study of language change over time and how
languages are related
Descriptive linguistics - ✔✔(aka structural linguistics) the study of how
contemporary languages differ in terms of their formal structure
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, Sociolinguistics - ✔✔the study of the relationships among social variation,
social context, and linguistic variation, including nonverbal communication
Cultural anthropology - ✔✔the study of contemporary people and their
cultures
specializations: economic, psychological, medical, political, international
development
Culture - ✔✔people's learned and shared behaviors and beliefs
- learned: through social interactions
-integrated
-themes manifest into dif. aspects of culture
-not the same as nature
-adopted babies
- variation even related to biological functions (eat, sleep)
-based on symbols
-capable of interaction and change
Lewis Henry Morgan - ✔✔Pioneer cultural anthropology-- armchair
anthropologist in Rochester, U.S.
*studied the Iroquois
*unilinear cultural evolution
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
