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IDEAL SOLUTION

CLASS-12 BOARDS Interaction of A-B are equal to interaction of A-A
and B-B



ingmen Nanoanim Di-
De
= DA + PB
-Pi AYmix

AUnix =
= 0



0




i
STREETEEM
eg n -
Nexane + n-Heptan



xA 1 =
more fraction xA 0
=




xB 0 =


xB 1
=




By-Bharat Panchal Sir.
NON-IDEAL SOLUTION

·Bharat Pantial Sir Chemistry Puruji2.0 Positive Deviation Negative Deviation
A-B interaction
A-B interaction are weaker are

To help in our Journey than A-A and B-B interaction stronger thanA-Aanda
&Umix = tre & Unix ve

YOU CAN DONATE
= -




DUmiX=tVe & Umix = -
ve


+ PB
DA Dis DA + PB
Dis
-




X
-
-




X
De
-
=
De
=



Di- Di-

SOLUTIONS a a
Mass Percentage w2x100
~

(W(w)!. =


W, t W2 xA=1 mole Fraction (A=0 xA=1 mole Fraction (A=0
xB 0
=


xB 1
=


xB 0 =


xB 1
=




Volume Percentage (V(% =
100
x form minimum boiling for Maximum boiling
A
zeotropes a zeotropes
Mass by Volume Percentage (w() =
w2
X 100
↓Cm mL)
e.g Acelone + Ethanol acelone
e.g
alorotom
Mass fraction

X1 =
100 Nz =
wz Colligative Properties depend on number of solute

+ wz W2 Relative lowering
is
wi wit
-> a or iCB
of X.P
as



Parts per million (ppm) 106
EwaX
->




levation
= in i Kxm
Point -> DTb =16M or

Boiling
Molarity (M) Unit
Xoom moblite
=




or Depression in
=
1 Kfm
->
* Tf: km or

freezing Point
Pressure-T=COT
Molality (m) =

BxZ(g) Unit =


moles/kg
Osmotic or
RT or
iNX*XT
↳molacity is inversely proportional unit of Kb and
Kf=Kkg mol
to temperature &To -
Elevation in B.Ot
&Tb Tx T
(X)
=

Mole Fraction
-




Alf- Depression in F.Ot
AT =
Tj -

TS ↑- S.Ot
of solution
tup
Us
XA =
XB=
MA +UB kb T - B.Ot
of pure solvent
Xwxg)
DTb =




xATXB=1 mole fraction is a unitless
#
-foot of pure solvent
Fpt of solution
q, uantity DT:
-
If
-bartial pressure of gas Kfxxs Ko a moral elevation
Henry Law e
constant
p =
kuYB " motal depression
Vault Hot factor (i) constant
a mole fraction of solute
Normal Molecular mass
RAOULT'S LAN Chemistry Purujia.0= observed Molecular Mass

PACYA PBCXB is solute undergoes dissociation

PA =
PAXXA PB=bsXYr i <1 solute undergoes association
i =
1 no association no dissociation
for Volatile solute For Non-Volatile solute
PT =
PA+PB Dy PA =




DEXTCA
=
X dissociation =


Cassociation =