Orthopedic Nursing review Course
CORRECT 100%
Rheumatoid Arthritis - ANSWER* Systemic, Multi system inflammatory disorder
* Affects synovial membrane of the joints
* Periods of exacerbation and remissions
Rheumatoid Arthritis Presentation - ANSWER* Uniform joint space narrowing
* Peak onset ages 40-60
* Hypertrophied synovium (lining) thickens an invades surrounding tissue
* Nodules in the joints
* Morning Stiffness and stiffness after rest
* Generalized fatigue
* Ulnar deviation
Rheumatoid Arthritis Epidemiology/Pathophysiology - ANSWER* Genetic
predisposition
* Laxity, sublaxation and contractures
Osteoarthritis - ANSWERSlow, progressive, non-inflammatory
Affects spine, fingers, knees and hips
Osteophyte or bone spurs are common with what disease? - ANSWEROsteoarthritis
The gold standard test for this disease is radiographic changes -
ANSWEROsteoarthritis
Symptoms Osteoarthritis - ANSWER* Asymmetric joints
* AM Stiffness
* Stiffness with inactivity
* Stiffness with weather changes
* Antalgic gait-limp or giving way sensation
* Joint crepitus
* Knock kneed or bow-legged
* Heberden's Nodes
* Bouchard's Nodes
Valgus knees is the same as - ANSWERKnock knees
Varus knees is the same as - ANSWERBow legged
Heberden's Nodes are in what joint? - ANSWERDistal (DIP)
Bouchard's nodes are in what joint? - ANSWERProximal (PIP)
This is the first drug of choice for treating Osteoarthritis - ANSWERAcetaminopehn
(Tylenol)
,Total Hip Arthroplasty:
Anterior approach benefits and cons - ANSWERPro: less soft tissue disturbance
Less precautions after SX
3-4 inch incision
Cons: Technically challenging
Anterior Hip precautions - ANSWER* Avoid hip extension
* Avoid external rotation
Total Hip Arthroplasty:
Posterior-Lateral approach benefits and cons - ANSWERPro: Tried and True
method/Traditional
Requires more physician training
Cons: More precautions after SX
8-12 inch incision
Posterior Hip Precautions - ANSWER* No flexion > 90 degrees
* No adduction
* No internal rotation (leg crossing)
Hip dislocation presentation - ANSWER* Shortening/Rotation of affected extremity
* Pain with inability to bear weight
How many vertebae are in the C spine? - ANSWER7
How many vertebrae are in the T spine? - ANSWER12
How many vertebrae are in the L spine? - ANSWER5
How many vertebrae are in the S spine? - ANSWER5
What is a herniated nucleus pulposis (HNP)? - ANSWERThe rupture of a disc in the
spine
* the rupture causes leaking with pain and pressure
What are signs and symptoms of a herniated disc? - ANSWER* Back Pain-increased
with sitting/driving
*Lower extremity pain with numbness
* Muscle weakness -nerve distribution
* Pain with the straight leg raise test
What is the classic test to determine herniated disc? - ANSWERStraight Leg Raise
What is the gold standard conservative treatment for a herniated disc? - ANSWER*
Bed rest-Max of 3 days
, What are the symptoms of Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ANSWER* New onset of
bowel or bladder incontinence
* Numbness in the saddle area or perineum
What is the cause of Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ANSWERPressure on the plexus
nerve in the lumbar spine
What is the treatment for Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ANSWERImmediate
decompressive laminectomy
This spinal disorder is a Pars Interarticularis defect? - ANSWERSpondylolysis
This spinal disorder is an anterior translation of one vertebra on another (or slipped
forward)? - ANSWERSpondylolisthesis
This is a posterior hump in the thoracic spine - ANSWERKyphosis
This spinal disorder is associated with Scheurmann's Disease, is neuromuscular and
presents with ankylosing spondylitis? - ANSWERKyphosis
What does NPO mean? - ANSWERNil Per Os/Nothing by mouth
What is the standard time frame for a patient to be NPO prior to SX? - ANSWER6
hours
What are the main allergies that should be checked for prior to SX? -
ANSWERShellfish
* Bedadine
* Seafood
* Medications
* Metal
* Latex
This SX associated condition can occur do to the following: IV access, blood loss,
fluid overload, urine output - ANSWERFluid Volume Deficit
This condition is an inherited hypermetabolic syndrome? - ANSWERMalignant
hyperthermia
Triggers for Malignant hyperthermia are: - ANSWER* Neuromuscular blocking
agents-SUCCINYLCHOLINE
* Certain anesthetic agents
What is the first drug of choice for treating malignant hyperthermia? -
ANSWERDantrolene
What are the 7 drugs treatments for malignant hyperthermia? - ANSWER1)
Dantrolene
2) Ice IV Saline solution
3) Ice bags around patient
CORRECT 100%
Rheumatoid Arthritis - ANSWER* Systemic, Multi system inflammatory disorder
* Affects synovial membrane of the joints
* Periods of exacerbation and remissions
Rheumatoid Arthritis Presentation - ANSWER* Uniform joint space narrowing
* Peak onset ages 40-60
* Hypertrophied synovium (lining) thickens an invades surrounding tissue
* Nodules in the joints
* Morning Stiffness and stiffness after rest
* Generalized fatigue
* Ulnar deviation
Rheumatoid Arthritis Epidemiology/Pathophysiology - ANSWER* Genetic
predisposition
* Laxity, sublaxation and contractures
Osteoarthritis - ANSWERSlow, progressive, non-inflammatory
Affects spine, fingers, knees and hips
Osteophyte or bone spurs are common with what disease? - ANSWEROsteoarthritis
The gold standard test for this disease is radiographic changes -
ANSWEROsteoarthritis
Symptoms Osteoarthritis - ANSWER* Asymmetric joints
* AM Stiffness
* Stiffness with inactivity
* Stiffness with weather changes
* Antalgic gait-limp or giving way sensation
* Joint crepitus
* Knock kneed or bow-legged
* Heberden's Nodes
* Bouchard's Nodes
Valgus knees is the same as - ANSWERKnock knees
Varus knees is the same as - ANSWERBow legged
Heberden's Nodes are in what joint? - ANSWERDistal (DIP)
Bouchard's nodes are in what joint? - ANSWERProximal (PIP)
This is the first drug of choice for treating Osteoarthritis - ANSWERAcetaminopehn
(Tylenol)
,Total Hip Arthroplasty:
Anterior approach benefits and cons - ANSWERPro: less soft tissue disturbance
Less precautions after SX
3-4 inch incision
Cons: Technically challenging
Anterior Hip precautions - ANSWER* Avoid hip extension
* Avoid external rotation
Total Hip Arthroplasty:
Posterior-Lateral approach benefits and cons - ANSWERPro: Tried and True
method/Traditional
Requires more physician training
Cons: More precautions after SX
8-12 inch incision
Posterior Hip Precautions - ANSWER* No flexion > 90 degrees
* No adduction
* No internal rotation (leg crossing)
Hip dislocation presentation - ANSWER* Shortening/Rotation of affected extremity
* Pain with inability to bear weight
How many vertebae are in the C spine? - ANSWER7
How many vertebrae are in the T spine? - ANSWER12
How many vertebrae are in the L spine? - ANSWER5
How many vertebrae are in the S spine? - ANSWER5
What is a herniated nucleus pulposis (HNP)? - ANSWERThe rupture of a disc in the
spine
* the rupture causes leaking with pain and pressure
What are signs and symptoms of a herniated disc? - ANSWER* Back Pain-increased
with sitting/driving
*Lower extremity pain with numbness
* Muscle weakness -nerve distribution
* Pain with the straight leg raise test
What is the classic test to determine herniated disc? - ANSWERStraight Leg Raise
What is the gold standard conservative treatment for a herniated disc? - ANSWER*
Bed rest-Max of 3 days
, What are the symptoms of Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ANSWER* New onset of
bowel or bladder incontinence
* Numbness in the saddle area or perineum
What is the cause of Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ANSWERPressure on the plexus
nerve in the lumbar spine
What is the treatment for Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ANSWERImmediate
decompressive laminectomy
This spinal disorder is a Pars Interarticularis defect? - ANSWERSpondylolysis
This spinal disorder is an anterior translation of one vertebra on another (or slipped
forward)? - ANSWERSpondylolisthesis
This is a posterior hump in the thoracic spine - ANSWERKyphosis
This spinal disorder is associated with Scheurmann's Disease, is neuromuscular and
presents with ankylosing spondylitis? - ANSWERKyphosis
What does NPO mean? - ANSWERNil Per Os/Nothing by mouth
What is the standard time frame for a patient to be NPO prior to SX? - ANSWER6
hours
What are the main allergies that should be checked for prior to SX? -
ANSWERShellfish
* Bedadine
* Seafood
* Medications
* Metal
* Latex
This SX associated condition can occur do to the following: IV access, blood loss,
fluid overload, urine output - ANSWERFluid Volume Deficit
This condition is an inherited hypermetabolic syndrome? - ANSWERMalignant
hyperthermia
Triggers for Malignant hyperthermia are: - ANSWER* Neuromuscular blocking
agents-SUCCINYLCHOLINE
* Certain anesthetic agents
What is the first drug of choice for treating malignant hyperthermia? -
ANSWERDantrolene
What are the 7 drugs treatments for malignant hyperthermia? - ANSWER1)
Dantrolene
2) Ice IV Saline solution
3) Ice bags around patient
