COSC-2325 Final Exam questions with
complete solutions
Object Files - correct answer ✔✔Intermediate files generated by a compiler containing machine code
that is not yet executable.
Linker - correct answer ✔✔Combines multiple object files into a single executable
Assembler - correct answer ✔✔Translates assembly language code into machine code, generating object
files.
Radix - correct answer ✔✔The base of a number system
Binary to decimal - correct answer ✔✔Multiply each bit by 2 raised to the position's power, starting from
0 at the rightmost bit. Sum these values.
Decimal to binary - correct answer ✔✔Divide by 2. Record the remainder. Continue dividing the quotient
by 2 until it is 0. Read in reverse order.
Hex to decimal - correct answer ✔✔Multiply each digit by 16 raised to the position's power, starting
from 0 at the rightmost digit. Sum these values.
decimal to hex - correct answer ✔✔Divide by 16. Record the remainder. Continue dividing the quotient
by 16 until it is 0. Read in reverse order.
add binary integers - correct answer ✔✔Perform addition, but carry over when sum exceeds 1
add hex numbers. - correct answer ✔✔Perform addition, but use digit rules (0-9 and A-F) with carry over
when sum exceeds F.
, 8-bit two's complement - correct answer ✔✔This is a method of representing negative numbers in
binary. Invert all bits of the number and then add 1.
negative decimal number to binary - correct answer ✔✔Convert the absolute value, then apply the
complement method to get the representation of the negative number.
Virtual machine - correct answer ✔✔A software emulation of a physical computer that runs programs as
if they are on an actual machine. Allows multiple OS instances on a single physical hardware.
Machine hierarchy - correct answer ✔✔Refers to different levels of abstraction in a computer system,
from high-level languages to machine code, and hardware.
a dynamic link library (DLL). - correct answer ✔✔A set of routines that are compiled, linked, and stored
separately from the processes that use them, and can be called when needed by an executable.
a compiler decode and execute instructions. - correct answer ✔✔translates source code into object code
by first parsing the source code to build an intermediate representation, optimizes it, and then generates
machine code that the processor executes.
AND - correct answer ✔✔True if all operands are true.
OR - correct answer ✔✔True if at least one operand is true.
NOT - correct answer ✔✔Inverts the truth value of the operand.
control unit (CU) - correct answer ✔✔The part of the CPU that directs the operation of the processor. It
tells the computer's memory, arithmetic/logic unit, and input and output devices how to respond to the
instructions that have been sent to the processor.
arithmetic logic unit - correct answer ✔✔It performs operations like addition, subtraction, and bitwise
operations, and determines equality and comparison between numbers.
complete solutions
Object Files - correct answer ✔✔Intermediate files generated by a compiler containing machine code
that is not yet executable.
Linker - correct answer ✔✔Combines multiple object files into a single executable
Assembler - correct answer ✔✔Translates assembly language code into machine code, generating object
files.
Radix - correct answer ✔✔The base of a number system
Binary to decimal - correct answer ✔✔Multiply each bit by 2 raised to the position's power, starting from
0 at the rightmost bit. Sum these values.
Decimal to binary - correct answer ✔✔Divide by 2. Record the remainder. Continue dividing the quotient
by 2 until it is 0. Read in reverse order.
Hex to decimal - correct answer ✔✔Multiply each digit by 16 raised to the position's power, starting
from 0 at the rightmost digit. Sum these values.
decimal to hex - correct answer ✔✔Divide by 16. Record the remainder. Continue dividing the quotient
by 16 until it is 0. Read in reverse order.
add binary integers - correct answer ✔✔Perform addition, but carry over when sum exceeds 1
add hex numbers. - correct answer ✔✔Perform addition, but use digit rules (0-9 and A-F) with carry over
when sum exceeds F.
, 8-bit two's complement - correct answer ✔✔This is a method of representing negative numbers in
binary. Invert all bits of the number and then add 1.
negative decimal number to binary - correct answer ✔✔Convert the absolute value, then apply the
complement method to get the representation of the negative number.
Virtual machine - correct answer ✔✔A software emulation of a physical computer that runs programs as
if they are on an actual machine. Allows multiple OS instances on a single physical hardware.
Machine hierarchy - correct answer ✔✔Refers to different levels of abstraction in a computer system,
from high-level languages to machine code, and hardware.
a dynamic link library (DLL). - correct answer ✔✔A set of routines that are compiled, linked, and stored
separately from the processes that use them, and can be called when needed by an executable.
a compiler decode and execute instructions. - correct answer ✔✔translates source code into object code
by first parsing the source code to build an intermediate representation, optimizes it, and then generates
machine code that the processor executes.
AND - correct answer ✔✔True if all operands are true.
OR - correct answer ✔✔True if at least one operand is true.
NOT - correct answer ✔✔Inverts the truth value of the operand.
control unit (CU) - correct answer ✔✔The part of the CPU that directs the operation of the processor. It
tells the computer's memory, arithmetic/logic unit, and input and output devices how to respond to the
instructions that have been sent to the processor.
arithmetic logic unit - correct answer ✔✔It performs operations like addition, subtraction, and bitwise
operations, and determines equality and comparison between numbers.
