DAT Biology Revision Questions With
Answers!!
Carotenoids - Answer - lipid derivatives, produce pigments in plants and animals , An accessory pigment,
either yellow or orange, in the chloroplasts of plants. By absorbing wavelengths of light that chlorophyll
cannot, carotenoids broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis.
Porphyrins - Answer - lipid derivatives, a group of light-sensitive, pigmented, ringed chemical structures
that are required for the synthesis of hemoglobin. Complexed with metals usch as iron in hemoglobin
and chlorophyll with Mg
Can H20 and hydrocarbons pass freely across membrane? - Answer - yes (small, uncharged, non-polar,
hydrophobic can pass)
Porins - Answer - allow passage of certain ions and small polar molecules such as aquaporins in kidneys
for H20
Rough ER - Answer - protein synthesis, creates glycoproteins for secretion
Smooth ER - Answer - synthesis of hormones, lipids, breakdown of toxins and drugs in liver
cyclosis - Answer - transport of material in cytoplasm (steaming movement)
Peroxiomes - Answer - breakdown of H2O2, fatty acids, AA. In liver and kidneys to break down toxins,
by-products of photorespiration in plants
Centrioles - Answer - two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear
envelope; play a role in cell division. Are microtubles (MTOCs)
Storage vocuoles - Answer - store starch, pigments, toxic substances (nicotine) in plants
, Contractile vacuoles - Answer - in single cell organism, pump excess water out of cell Ex. fresh water
protozoa to prevent bursting
Desmosome - Answer - aka spot welding, support and stability
Tight junctions - Answer - animal cells, seal to prevent passage of materials btwn cell
gap junctions - Answer - narrow tunnels btwn animal cells, only ions exchange
plasmodesma - Answer - barrow channels between plant cells for exchange of materials
Bulk flow - Answer - collective movement of substance (like blood or urine) in same direction due to
force
dialysis - Answer - diffusion of solutes across selective permeable membrane (passive)
plasmolysis - Answer - water of out cell, results in collapse aka shrivel (passive)
Total ATP in Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic - Answer - Eukaryotic = 36 ATP Prokaryotic = 38 ATP
Glycolysis - Answer - 1 glucose + 2 ATP + 4 ADP + 2NAD + 2Pi --> 2 pyruvate + 2ADP + 4 ATP + 2NADH
+2H + 2H2O = 2 ATP
Fermination - Answer - 1 pyruvate + NADH --> (Ethanol + CO2 in Plants) and (Lactic Acid in animals use
for muscle cells) + NAD
Pyruvate decarboxylation - Answer - 2 pyruvate + 2 Coenzyme A + 2 NAD --> 2 Acetyl CoA + 2CO2 +
2NADH = - 2 ATP
Citric Acid Cycle - Answer - 2 Acetyl CoA + 6NAD + 2FAD + 2ADP + 2H20 --> 4 CO2 + 6 NADH + 2 FADH2 +
2 ATP = 2 ATP
Answers!!
Carotenoids - Answer - lipid derivatives, produce pigments in plants and animals , An accessory pigment,
either yellow or orange, in the chloroplasts of plants. By absorbing wavelengths of light that chlorophyll
cannot, carotenoids broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis.
Porphyrins - Answer - lipid derivatives, a group of light-sensitive, pigmented, ringed chemical structures
that are required for the synthesis of hemoglobin. Complexed with metals usch as iron in hemoglobin
and chlorophyll with Mg
Can H20 and hydrocarbons pass freely across membrane? - Answer - yes (small, uncharged, non-polar,
hydrophobic can pass)
Porins - Answer - allow passage of certain ions and small polar molecules such as aquaporins in kidneys
for H20
Rough ER - Answer - protein synthesis, creates glycoproteins for secretion
Smooth ER - Answer - synthesis of hormones, lipids, breakdown of toxins and drugs in liver
cyclosis - Answer - transport of material in cytoplasm (steaming movement)
Peroxiomes - Answer - breakdown of H2O2, fatty acids, AA. In liver and kidneys to break down toxins,
by-products of photorespiration in plants
Centrioles - Answer - two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear
envelope; play a role in cell division. Are microtubles (MTOCs)
Storage vocuoles - Answer - store starch, pigments, toxic substances (nicotine) in plants
, Contractile vacuoles - Answer - in single cell organism, pump excess water out of cell Ex. fresh water
protozoa to prevent bursting
Desmosome - Answer - aka spot welding, support and stability
Tight junctions - Answer - animal cells, seal to prevent passage of materials btwn cell
gap junctions - Answer - narrow tunnels btwn animal cells, only ions exchange
plasmodesma - Answer - barrow channels between plant cells for exchange of materials
Bulk flow - Answer - collective movement of substance (like blood or urine) in same direction due to
force
dialysis - Answer - diffusion of solutes across selective permeable membrane (passive)
plasmolysis - Answer - water of out cell, results in collapse aka shrivel (passive)
Total ATP in Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic - Answer - Eukaryotic = 36 ATP Prokaryotic = 38 ATP
Glycolysis - Answer - 1 glucose + 2 ATP + 4 ADP + 2NAD + 2Pi --> 2 pyruvate + 2ADP + 4 ATP + 2NADH
+2H + 2H2O = 2 ATP
Fermination - Answer - 1 pyruvate + NADH --> (Ethanol + CO2 in Plants) and (Lactic Acid in animals use
for muscle cells) + NAD
Pyruvate decarboxylation - Answer - 2 pyruvate + 2 Coenzyme A + 2 NAD --> 2 Acetyl CoA + 2CO2 +
2NADH = - 2 ATP
Citric Acid Cycle - Answer - 2 Acetyl CoA + 6NAD + 2FAD + 2ADP + 2H20 --> 4 CO2 + 6 NADH + 2 FADH2 +
2 ATP = 2 ATP
