Developmental Psychology
comprehensive questions and answer latest upload
2024/ 2025 with 100% verified solutions
Mesosystem - ANSWER-provides connections across microsystems (parents and friends,
parents and school, etc)
exosystem - ANSWER-social settings that a person may not experience firsthand or directly
but that still influence development (ie - parents work environment, neighborhood resources)
macrosystem - ANSWER-cultural events that affect a person and those around them - values,
customs, religious beliefs, economics, politics
chronosystem - ANSWER-historical changes that influence the other systems (life stage and
related events, changes in family structure, historical events)
personal fable - ANSWER-A cognitive distortion experienced by adolescents, in which they
believe they are so special and unique that other people cannot understand them and risky
behaviors will not harm them
Adverse Childhood Experiences - ANSWER-Stressful or traumatic experiences, including
abuse, neglect, and a range of household dysfunction, such as witnessing domestic violence
or growing up with substance abuse, mental disorders, parental discord, or crime in the home.
Higher the ACE number, the worse the health outcomes are
phoneme - ANSWER-in language, the smallest distinctive sound unit
morpheme - ANSWER-in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word
or a part of a word (such as a prefix)
Syntax - ANSWER-the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a
given language
Semantics - ANSWER-Meaning of words and sentences
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, overgeneralization - ANSWER-applying grammar rules in areas they don't apply ("I writed a
story"; goed; comed)
telegraphic speech - ANSWER-early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram—
"go car"—using mostly nouns and verbs.
disorganized attachment style - ANSWER-response to separation in which infants behave in
contradictory ways, indicating helpless efforts to elicit soothing responses from the
attachment figure
anxious attachment style in adults - ANSWER-demand closeness, are less trusting, and are
more emotional, jealous, and possessive, hypervigilant to rejection
avoidant attachment style in adults - ANSWER-hesitant about getting involved in romantic
relationships; and once in a relationship, distance themselves from partners, distrust others,
appear aloof
secure attachment style in adults - ANSWER-an attachment style that describes adults who
have positive views of relationships, find it easy to get close to others, and are not overly
concerned or stressed out about their relationships
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) - ANSWER-Vygotsky's concept of the difference
between what a child can do alone and what that child can do with the help of a teacher
Scaffolding (Vygotsky) - ANSWER-Adjusting the support offered during a teaching session
to fit the child's current level of development; taking away support once the learning has been
mastered
continuity vs. discontinuity - ANSWER-growth occurring gradually versus in stages
nature vs. nurture - ANSWER-Do genes (nature) or environmental factors (nurture)
contribute more to a person's being?
2|Page
comprehensive questions and answer latest upload
2024/ 2025 with 100% verified solutions
Mesosystem - ANSWER-provides connections across microsystems (parents and friends,
parents and school, etc)
exosystem - ANSWER-social settings that a person may not experience firsthand or directly
but that still influence development (ie - parents work environment, neighborhood resources)
macrosystem - ANSWER-cultural events that affect a person and those around them - values,
customs, religious beliefs, economics, politics
chronosystem - ANSWER-historical changes that influence the other systems (life stage and
related events, changes in family structure, historical events)
personal fable - ANSWER-A cognitive distortion experienced by adolescents, in which they
believe they are so special and unique that other people cannot understand them and risky
behaviors will not harm them
Adverse Childhood Experiences - ANSWER-Stressful or traumatic experiences, including
abuse, neglect, and a range of household dysfunction, such as witnessing domestic violence
or growing up with substance abuse, mental disorders, parental discord, or crime in the home.
Higher the ACE number, the worse the health outcomes are
phoneme - ANSWER-in language, the smallest distinctive sound unit
morpheme - ANSWER-in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word
or a part of a word (such as a prefix)
Syntax - ANSWER-the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a
given language
Semantics - ANSWER-Meaning of words and sentences
1|Page
, overgeneralization - ANSWER-applying grammar rules in areas they don't apply ("I writed a
story"; goed; comed)
telegraphic speech - ANSWER-early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram—
"go car"—using mostly nouns and verbs.
disorganized attachment style - ANSWER-response to separation in which infants behave in
contradictory ways, indicating helpless efforts to elicit soothing responses from the
attachment figure
anxious attachment style in adults - ANSWER-demand closeness, are less trusting, and are
more emotional, jealous, and possessive, hypervigilant to rejection
avoidant attachment style in adults - ANSWER-hesitant about getting involved in romantic
relationships; and once in a relationship, distance themselves from partners, distrust others,
appear aloof
secure attachment style in adults - ANSWER-an attachment style that describes adults who
have positive views of relationships, find it easy to get close to others, and are not overly
concerned or stressed out about their relationships
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) - ANSWER-Vygotsky's concept of the difference
between what a child can do alone and what that child can do with the help of a teacher
Scaffolding (Vygotsky) - ANSWER-Adjusting the support offered during a teaching session
to fit the child's current level of development; taking away support once the learning has been
mastered
continuity vs. discontinuity - ANSWER-growth occurring gradually versus in stages
nature vs. nurture - ANSWER-Do genes (nature) or environmental factors (nurture)
contribute more to a person's being?
2|Page
