HLTH 640 Quiz 2 With Verified Answers Latest Update 2024 (100% Pass)

HLTH 640 Quiz 2 With Verified Answers Latest Update 2024 (100% Pass) Free radicals raise blood cholesterol levels more powerfully than trans fats. - Answers False Atherosclerosis increases the risk of heart disease. - Answers True A plant-based diet with minimal amounts of high-saturated-fat, high-sugar foods, coupled with daily physical activity, reflects the healthy habits of the Mediterranean lifestyle. - Answers True Regular exercise and maintaining a healthy body weight can help lower LDL cholesterol concentrations and raise HDL cholesterol concentrations. - Answers True Trans fats in processed foods pose a greater risk for heart health than saturated fats. - Answers True Heart-healthy fats are - Answers saturated fatty acids High concentrations of triglycerides in the blood and in adipose tissue are - Answers harmful to the heart Cholesterol is used to make cell membranes, sex hormones, bile, and vitamin D - Answers True All health professionals agree that coconut oil is the best oil to use because it is heart-healthy - Answers False _______ are atoms or molecules that have at least one unpaired electron which makes the free radical both unstable and destabilizing, and the food eventually becomes rancid. - Answers Free radicals The flakiness of pie crusts, tenderness in meat, and the freshness of foods are associated with - Answers triglycerides When fatty acids become oxidized, the chemical structure is altered, creating the off smell and flavors characteristic of ______ food. - Answers rancid Saturated fat, and trans fat are linked to heart disease. - Answers True Lipoproteins transport trigylcerides, cholesterol, and other lipids through the lymph and bloodstream. LDLs deposit cholesterol in artery walls, whereas HDLs remove cholesterol from arteries and deliver it to the liver, which uses it in the synthesis of bile and other compounds. - Answers True Triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols are the three main types of - Answers fats After they have been absorbed, amino acids are used to synthesize new proteins or are converted to nonessential amino acids, ATP, glucose, or - Answers fat Protein, iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin B12, and omega-3 fatty acids are likely to be underconsumed by vegetarians. - Answers True Eleven non-essential amino acids can be synthesized in the body. - Answers NOT false Excess animal protein is converted to essential amino acids. - Answers False Animal foods have higher protein quality than plant foods. - Answers True The large molecules which are made up of chains of amino acids and found in all living cells are called - Answers proteins If a chain consists of two joined amino acids it is called a dipeptide; three joined amino acids form a tripeptide; more than 10 amino acids joined together is called a polypeptide; and a polypeptide chain that contains 50 or more amino acids is called a protein. - Answers True Underconsumption of protein leads to heart disease and kidney problems. - Answers False Consuming too much protein from animal sources can increase the amount of saturated fat in the diet, and ultimately heart disease. - Answers True A peptide bond forms by condensation when the acid group (COOH) and amine group of two different amino acids join and _______ a molecule of water. - Answers release A high-protein diet may increase the risk of heart disease, kidney problems, and calcium loss from bone. - Answers True ______ amino acids contain a central carbon surrounded by a side chain carboxylic acid (COOH), a hydrogen, and an amine group (NH2). - Answers All Beating egg whites to make meringue is an example of - Answers denaturing a protein How is nitrogen in the amine group processed? - Answers It is converted to urea and excreted in urine. During absorption, excess amino acids are - Answers deaminated Alcohol use disorder includes alcohol abuse and alcoholism - Answers True The state in which the BAC rises to the point that a person's central nervous system is affected and his or her breathing and heart rate are interrupted is called tolerance - Answers False The majority of alcohol is metabolized by the - Answers liver The enzyme which is found in the stomach and the liver, that converts ethanol to acetaldehyde is called - Answers alcohol dehydrogenase Oliver typically drinks excessive quantities of alcohol in a short amount of time. He would be classified as a - Answers a binge drinker Most of the alcohol which has been consumed is absorbed in the - Answers small intestine If food is in the stomach, when alcohol arrives there, the food blocks the alcohol from the stomach wall and this blocking action ____ the amount of alcohol that diffuses through the gastric lining. - Answers reduces Where is alcohol absorbed? - Answers stomach, and small intestine Compared to beer, an individual is more likely to get drunk if they have consumed - Answers mixed drinks because they usually contain more than one standard drink. A hypothetical group of female students, who all have the same weight have been drinking the same amount of alcohol. Who is more likely to feel alcohol effects sooner? The student who is - Answers Hispanic or Asian American Alcohol is unlike fat and carbohydrates because it does not contain - Answers nutrients If a drink contains 1/2 ounce of alcohol, the amount in a typical 12-ounce bottle of beer, a shot of liquor, or a 5-ounce glass of wine, the drink is referred to as - Answers standard drink The only cure for a hangover is time - Answers True The amount of alcohol that puts the individual and others at the lowest risk of alcohol-related problems is defined as - Answers moderation Mary and her best friend abstain from alcohol on weekdays so that they can have 10 beers on Saturday night. This practice is referred to as - Answers binge drinking During glycolysis, for example, glucose is oxidized to pyruvate and the coenzyme form of the B vitamin niacin (NAD+) is reduced to NADH + H+. - Answers True Under conditions of fasting, glycogen stores are depleted, and muscle is broken down to provide amino acids for energy and - Answers gluconeogenesis The high-energy molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP) releases energy to be used by the cells when the phosphate bond is broken, producing adenosine diphosphate (ADP). - Answers True In chronic alcoholics, excess fatty deposits in the liver can eventually result in - Answers cirrhosis The best snack to keep energy levels high would be - Answers Your favorite veggies The conversion of fatty acids and ketogenic amino acids to acetyl CoA and to ketone bodies is - Answers ketogenesis The most metabolically active organ in the body is the - Answers liver It is best to take medications and alcohol at separate times because the liver metabolizes alcohol first, which causes the effects of the drugs to be felt - Answers over longer period of time An excessive level of ketones in the blood is - Answers ketoacidosis After the fat-soluble nutrients (vitamins A,D,E,K) have been absorbed through the small intestine, they can enter a metabolic pathway and be converted to energy or be stored as fat for later use. - Answers NOT true Weight lifters rest in between sets to give the body time to form more ATP used for the next set of lifts. - Answers True Cells only have 3-5 seconds' worth of - Answers ATP Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is a nucleotide which is composed of adenine, ribose, and two phosphate molecules, and it is formed when one phosphate molecule is removed from ATP. - Answers True Energy is the ability to do - Answers work When you need energy to do work, your body hydrolyzes one of the phosphate bonds, releasing one phosphate and energy. - Answers True Undernourished people exist because the world does not produce enough food. - Answers False Community organizations have eliminated hunger permanently by providing free food and meals, and non-nutrition services such as job training. - Answers False Marginal food security is defined as one or two reported indications --typically of anxiety over food sufficiency or shortage of food in the house. - Answers True If an individual is overweight, that individual cannot be undernourished. - Answers NOT true Because iron, iodine, and vitamin A deficiencies are common, these nutrients have been fortified in staple foods such as flour, oil, and salt. - Answers True Overnutrition is a form of malnutrition. - Answers True The majority of the world's people live in developing countries. - Answers True Chronically ill people may have malabsorption or metabolic problems or a reduced appetite - Answers True Uncertain access to adequate food is similar to - Answers food insecurity Effects of undernutrition include stunted growth, wasting, and impaired cognitive development, immune function, and academic performance. - Answers True