Phil101 Test 1 UD Rogers
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• Polity - ✔️✔️law-abiding democracy...and it's possible. (it's actually the best IF all the
citizens are well-educated in the business of governing and they take turns governing)
• Skepticism: - ✔️✔️You should doubt (a few, some, many, all) of the claims people
make.
• The Anthropological Argument - ✔️✔️o Premise: Different societies believe in
different values.
o Conclusion: Therefore there are no objective values.
• The Life of the Philosopher - ✔️✔️He gazes upon the Form of the Good, but then
feels the charitable desire to help his fellow troglodytes (cave dwellers
• Two problems with the Anthropological Argument. - ✔️✔️• 1. It's not clear that the
premise is true.
• 2. Even if the premise is true, the conclusion doesn't follow. (It is a non sequitur.) Just
because people happen to believe differently doesn't mean there's no truth. E.g. the
shape of the earth.
2 aspects of intellect involved in abstraction - ✔️✔️passive (receives data from senses)
active (does work to produce form in the intellect)
according to aristotle Ultimately best activity is - ✔️✔️• Contemplation of the best thing,
the Unmoved Mover
according to aristotle Ultimately best activity is - ✔️✔️• Contemplation of the best thing,
the Unmoved Mover
according to aristotle, The purpose of human existence - ✔️✔️happiness...actualizing
your nature...flourishing as a human being (i.e. pursuing your finalcause). "Natural Law"
ethics.
according to plato, Things in our worlds exist and are as they are because - ✔️✔️they
participate in the Forms
Anaxagoras Major contributions - ✔️✔️o First great contribution: form, nature, essence
recognition
o mind separate from matter (Mind is different form and transcends matter )
Anixamenes ____ underlying - ✔️✔️Says air is underlying
, Aristocracy - ✔️✔️• In the literal sense of Rule by the Best.
• The Philosopher and his intellectual buddies know best, so they get to run things.
• Not hereditary! Children go into the class for which they are naturally suited.
Aristocracy to timocracy - ✔️✔️• Somehow some folks who care more about honor get
to be in charge so it is ok but not as good according to Plato
aristotle _____ Plato's doctrine of the World of the Forms - ✔️✔️aristotle rejects _____
aristotle key question - ✔️✔️why do things chage
Might is right" - ✔️✔️Thrasymachus quote
• A key question in Political Philosophy: What justifies the authority of the government?
That is, why do the rulers get to do stuff that us private citizens don't? plato's answer: -
✔️✔️the Philosopher-King is the best and has gazed upon the Form of the Good
• A moved mover can be thought of as a "motion mirror". It can pass the motion
(change) along, once it's got it. But a series of moved movers, even an infinite series,
cannot ... - ✔️✔️...explain where the motion comes from. You need a source of motion
• Aristotle's ethics are__since tehy apply to all human beings - ✔️✔️aritstotle's ____
are universal
• Epistomology - ✔️✔️• Epistomology: you know things you did not learn through your
senses
o 2+2=4
o It's wrong to torture small children for fun.
o A cat is a cat, and I know one when I see one.
o Why can't you get this info through your senses?
• Senses have a role of knowledge acquisition
o Sense give us info on particulars
*Your senses have access only to changeable things, so they cannot give you
immutable truth.
• In at least one text Aristotle suggests that the active intellect is separate from the body,
and survives the death of the body. HOWEVER
• ...He also says that this active intellect is one and the same for ALL of us! so - ✔️✔️...
maybe some of the thinking part survives...and preexisted?...but it may not be an aspect
of you as an individual
• Objects composed of little particles (of earth, fire, water, air) that are eternal and
unchanging
"
• Polity - ✔️✔️law-abiding democracy...and it's possible. (it's actually the best IF all the
citizens are well-educated in the business of governing and they take turns governing)
• Skepticism: - ✔️✔️You should doubt (a few, some, many, all) of the claims people
make.
• The Anthropological Argument - ✔️✔️o Premise: Different societies believe in
different values.
o Conclusion: Therefore there are no objective values.
• The Life of the Philosopher - ✔️✔️He gazes upon the Form of the Good, but then
feels the charitable desire to help his fellow troglodytes (cave dwellers
• Two problems with the Anthropological Argument. - ✔️✔️• 1. It's not clear that the
premise is true.
• 2. Even if the premise is true, the conclusion doesn't follow. (It is a non sequitur.) Just
because people happen to believe differently doesn't mean there's no truth. E.g. the
shape of the earth.
2 aspects of intellect involved in abstraction - ✔️✔️passive (receives data from senses)
active (does work to produce form in the intellect)
according to aristotle Ultimately best activity is - ✔️✔️• Contemplation of the best thing,
the Unmoved Mover
according to aristotle Ultimately best activity is - ✔️✔️• Contemplation of the best thing,
the Unmoved Mover
according to aristotle, The purpose of human existence - ✔️✔️happiness...actualizing
your nature...flourishing as a human being (i.e. pursuing your finalcause). "Natural Law"
ethics.
according to plato, Things in our worlds exist and are as they are because - ✔️✔️they
participate in the Forms
Anaxagoras Major contributions - ✔️✔️o First great contribution: form, nature, essence
recognition
o mind separate from matter (Mind is different form and transcends matter )
Anixamenes ____ underlying - ✔️✔️Says air is underlying
, Aristocracy - ✔️✔️• In the literal sense of Rule by the Best.
• The Philosopher and his intellectual buddies know best, so they get to run things.
• Not hereditary! Children go into the class for which they are naturally suited.
Aristocracy to timocracy - ✔️✔️• Somehow some folks who care more about honor get
to be in charge so it is ok but not as good according to Plato
aristotle _____ Plato's doctrine of the World of the Forms - ✔️✔️aristotle rejects _____
aristotle key question - ✔️✔️why do things chage
Might is right" - ✔️✔️Thrasymachus quote
• A key question in Political Philosophy: What justifies the authority of the government?
That is, why do the rulers get to do stuff that us private citizens don't? plato's answer: -
✔️✔️the Philosopher-King is the best and has gazed upon the Form of the Good
• A moved mover can be thought of as a "motion mirror". It can pass the motion
(change) along, once it's got it. But a series of moved movers, even an infinite series,
cannot ... - ✔️✔️...explain where the motion comes from. You need a source of motion
• Aristotle's ethics are__since tehy apply to all human beings - ✔️✔️aritstotle's ____
are universal
• Epistomology - ✔️✔️• Epistomology: you know things you did not learn through your
senses
o 2+2=4
o It's wrong to torture small children for fun.
o A cat is a cat, and I know one when I see one.
o Why can't you get this info through your senses?
• Senses have a role of knowledge acquisition
o Sense give us info on particulars
*Your senses have access only to changeable things, so they cannot give you
immutable truth.
• In at least one text Aristotle suggests that the active intellect is separate from the body,
and survives the death of the body. HOWEVER
• ...He also says that this active intellect is one and the same for ALL of us! so - ✔️✔️...
maybe some of the thinking part survives...and preexisted?...but it may not be an aspect
of you as an individual
• Objects composed of little particles (of earth, fire, water, air) that are eternal and
unchanging
