Bacteriology Exam 1 Questions and
Answers Already Passed
What type of bacteria is most likely to cause a skin infection?
✔✔Staphylococcus aureus
What is the purpose of using selective media in bacteriology?
✔✔To isolate and grow specific types of bacteria while inhibiting others
What is the function of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls?
✔✔It provides structural strength and rigidity to the bacterial cell wall
What is the role of a bacterium's capsule in immune evasion?
✔✔It prevents recognition and engulfment by host immune cells
What bacteria are responsible for causing pneumonia?
✔✔Streptococcus pneumoniae
1
,What is the difference between a primary and a secondary bacterial infection?
✔✔A primary infection occurs first, while a secondary infection develops after the primary
infection weakens the host's defenses
What is the significance of using broad-spectrum antibiotics?
✔✔They target a wide range of bacteria, but may also disrupt normal flora
What type of bacteria causes cholera?
✔✔Vibrio cholerae
What is a characteristic feature of anaerobic bacteria?
✔✔They thrive in environments with little to no oxygen
What is the most common method used to identify bacterial species in a clinical setting?
✔✔Culture and biochemical testing
What is the main function of bacterial enzymes?
✔✔To catalyze metabolic reactions essential for bacterial growth and survival
2
,What role do leukocytes play in bacterial infections?
✔✔Leukocytes are immune cells that help fight bacterial infections by engulfing and destroying
bacteria
What is the purpose of a bacterial virulence factor?
✔✔To enhance the bacterium's ability to infect and cause disease in the host
What type of bacteria is responsible for causing Lyme disease?
✔✔Borrelia burgdorferi
What is the primary function of the cell wall in bacteria?
✔✔It provides structural support and protection to the cell
What is the shape of Bacillus bacteria?
✔✔Rod-shaped
Which bacterial structure is responsible for motility in some bacteria?
3
, ✔✔Flagella
What is the function of bacterial pili?
✔✔To facilitate attachment to surfaces and aid in conjugation
What is the difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?
✔✔Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, while Gram-negative bacteria have
a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane
What component is found in the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria but not in Gram-positive
bacteria?
✔✔Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)
Which type of bacteria requires oxygen to survive and grow?
✔✔Aerobic bacteria
What is the purpose of the bacterial capsule?
✔✔To protect bacteria from phagocytosis and enhance virulence
4
Answers Already Passed
What type of bacteria is most likely to cause a skin infection?
✔✔Staphylococcus aureus
What is the purpose of using selective media in bacteriology?
✔✔To isolate and grow specific types of bacteria while inhibiting others
What is the function of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls?
✔✔It provides structural strength and rigidity to the bacterial cell wall
What is the role of a bacterium's capsule in immune evasion?
✔✔It prevents recognition and engulfment by host immune cells
What bacteria are responsible for causing pneumonia?
✔✔Streptococcus pneumoniae
1
,What is the difference between a primary and a secondary bacterial infection?
✔✔A primary infection occurs first, while a secondary infection develops after the primary
infection weakens the host's defenses
What is the significance of using broad-spectrum antibiotics?
✔✔They target a wide range of bacteria, but may also disrupt normal flora
What type of bacteria causes cholera?
✔✔Vibrio cholerae
What is a characteristic feature of anaerobic bacteria?
✔✔They thrive in environments with little to no oxygen
What is the most common method used to identify bacterial species in a clinical setting?
✔✔Culture and biochemical testing
What is the main function of bacterial enzymes?
✔✔To catalyze metabolic reactions essential for bacterial growth and survival
2
,What role do leukocytes play in bacterial infections?
✔✔Leukocytes are immune cells that help fight bacterial infections by engulfing and destroying
bacteria
What is the purpose of a bacterial virulence factor?
✔✔To enhance the bacterium's ability to infect and cause disease in the host
What type of bacteria is responsible for causing Lyme disease?
✔✔Borrelia burgdorferi
What is the primary function of the cell wall in bacteria?
✔✔It provides structural support and protection to the cell
What is the shape of Bacillus bacteria?
✔✔Rod-shaped
Which bacterial structure is responsible for motility in some bacteria?
3
, ✔✔Flagella
What is the function of bacterial pili?
✔✔To facilitate attachment to surfaces and aid in conjugation
What is the difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?
✔✔Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, while Gram-negative bacteria have
a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane
What component is found in the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria but not in Gram-positive
bacteria?
✔✔Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)
Which type of bacteria requires oxygen to survive and grow?
✔✔Aerobic bacteria
What is the purpose of the bacterial capsule?
✔✔To protect bacteria from phagocytosis and enhance virulence
4
