Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions and
Answers 100% Solved | Graded A+
Understanding the biophysiological concept of mobility is an important
aspect of treating a client who has had a stroke. Which subconcept must
the caregiver understand? - ✔✔Answer: Balance
Rationale: The caregiver must have an understanding of the subconcept of
balance when caring for a client who has had a stroke. One common side
effect of a stroke is imbalance. The subconcept of coagulation is
associated with diseases such as pulmonary emboli and thrombocytopenia.
The subconcept of hypoxia is associated with diseases such as asthma
and anemia. The subconcept of hormonal regulation is associated with
diseases such as diabetes mellitus and obesity.
A client has been diagnosed with the flu and is experiencing lethargy. What
term is used to describe this individual's experience with the flu? -
✔✔Answer: Illness
1
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,Rationale: The term illness is used to describe the individual's experience
with a certain disease. In this case, the individual has the flu, which is the
disease, and their experience includes lethargy. Disease refers to a
situation that is impairing functional ability in some way. The term disorder
is used to describe a disruption of physiological or psychological function.
The term syndrome refers to a group of signs or symptoms associated with
a disease.
Which is the correct definition of the term syndrome? - ✔✔Answer: A group
of signs and symptoms of a disease
Rationale: A collective group of signs and symptoms that are a result of a
disease state is referred to as a syndrome. For example, a client with
carpal tunnel syndrome may experience signs of numbness, tingling, and
weakness. A disorder is a disruption of physiological function. A disease is
a situation that is impairing functional abilities. The individual's experience
with a disease is referred to as an illness.
The nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which risk
factor would the nurse look for in the client's history? - ✔✔Answer: Obesity
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Rationale: A risk factor is something that puts a client at a greater risk of
developing a certain disease. For example, obesity, insulin resistance,
sedentary lifestyle, and high blood pressure are all risk factors for
developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
A nurse is educating a client regarding modifiable and nonmodifiable risk
factors for developing coronary heart disease. Which nonmodifiable risk
factor would the nurse present to the client? - ✔✔Answer: Father having
coronary heart disease
Rationale: Nonmodifiable risk factors are factors that lead to a higher risk of
developing a particular disease; however, they may not be altered.
Examples of nonmodifiable risk factors include age, race, and family
history. Factors that may be changed, such as smoking, exercise, and diet,
are considered modifiable risk factors.
During a physical examination, the nurse charts that a client appears
lethargic, has a temperature of
102degrees° F, blood pressure of 118/75 mm/Hg, and is feeling sharp
lower quadrant abdominal pain. Which of these observations would be
considered a symptom? - ✔✔Answer: Sharp lower quadrant abdominal
pain
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, Rationale: A symptom is a subjective sensation perceived by an individual
that is not observable. The sharp lower quadrant abdominal pain is a
subjective sensation. The temperature, blood pressure, and lethargy are all
observable signs.
Which client would the nurse consider as having a chronic disease or
injury? - ✔✔Answer: Client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus
Rationale: A chronic disease has an enduring quality with lasting
implications, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus. Acute diseases are
temporary in nature, such as the yearly flu, strep throat, or broken bones.
The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) who is experiencing worsening shortness of breath and chest
tightness. Which term is correct in describing an increase in the severity of
the disease? - ✔✔Answer: Exacerbation
Rationale: An exacerbation is an increase in the severity of a disease.
Remission is a decrease in the severity of the disease. Etiology is the
cause of the disease or disorder. Remission refers to a decrease in the
4
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Answers 100% Solved | Graded A+
Understanding the biophysiological concept of mobility is an important
aspect of treating a client who has had a stroke. Which subconcept must
the caregiver understand? - ✔✔Answer: Balance
Rationale: The caregiver must have an understanding of the subconcept of
balance when caring for a client who has had a stroke. One common side
effect of a stroke is imbalance. The subconcept of coagulation is
associated with diseases such as pulmonary emboli and thrombocytopenia.
The subconcept of hypoxia is associated with diseases such as asthma
and anemia. The subconcept of hormonal regulation is associated with
diseases such as diabetes mellitus and obesity.
A client has been diagnosed with the flu and is experiencing lethargy. What
term is used to describe this individual's experience with the flu? -
✔✔Answer: Illness
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Rationale: The term illness is used to describe the individual's experience
with a certain disease. In this case, the individual has the flu, which is the
disease, and their experience includes lethargy. Disease refers to a
situation that is impairing functional ability in some way. The term disorder
is used to describe a disruption of physiological or psychological function.
The term syndrome refers to a group of signs or symptoms associated with
a disease.
Which is the correct definition of the term syndrome? - ✔✔Answer: A group
of signs and symptoms of a disease
Rationale: A collective group of signs and symptoms that are a result of a
disease state is referred to as a syndrome. For example, a client with
carpal tunnel syndrome may experience signs of numbness, tingling, and
weakness. A disorder is a disruption of physiological function. A disease is
a situation that is impairing functional abilities. The individual's experience
with a disease is referred to as an illness.
The nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which risk
factor would the nurse look for in the client's history? - ✔✔Answer: Obesity
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Rationale: A risk factor is something that puts a client at a greater risk of
developing a certain disease. For example, obesity, insulin resistance,
sedentary lifestyle, and high blood pressure are all risk factors for
developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
A nurse is educating a client regarding modifiable and nonmodifiable risk
factors for developing coronary heart disease. Which nonmodifiable risk
factor would the nurse present to the client? - ✔✔Answer: Father having
coronary heart disease
Rationale: Nonmodifiable risk factors are factors that lead to a higher risk of
developing a particular disease; however, they may not be altered.
Examples of nonmodifiable risk factors include age, race, and family
history. Factors that may be changed, such as smoking, exercise, and diet,
are considered modifiable risk factors.
During a physical examination, the nurse charts that a client appears
lethargic, has a temperature of
102degrees° F, blood pressure of 118/75 mm/Hg, and is feeling sharp
lower quadrant abdominal pain. Which of these observations would be
considered a symptom? - ✔✔Answer: Sharp lower quadrant abdominal
pain
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, Rationale: A symptom is a subjective sensation perceived by an individual
that is not observable. The sharp lower quadrant abdominal pain is a
subjective sensation. The temperature, blood pressure, and lethargy are all
observable signs.
Which client would the nurse consider as having a chronic disease or
injury? - ✔✔Answer: Client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus
Rationale: A chronic disease has an enduring quality with lasting
implications, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus. Acute diseases are
temporary in nature, such as the yearly flu, strep throat, or broken bones.
The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) who is experiencing worsening shortness of breath and chest
tightness. Which term is correct in describing an increase in the severity of
the disease? - ✔✔Answer: Exacerbation
Rationale: An exacerbation is an increase in the severity of a disease.
Remission is a decrease in the severity of the disease. Etiology is the
cause of the disease or disorder. Remission refers to a decrease in the
4
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
