Nurs 350: Fluid and Electrolytes Exam
Questions and Answers 100% Solved |
Graded A+
Fluids and electrolytes - ✔✔
fluid and electrolyte balance - ✔✔-necessary for homeostasis
-proper body functioning
-survival
fluids - ✔✔-mainly water
-provide transport for vital substances to and from cells (proteins,
hormones, glucose, e-lytes)
-amt of fluids and e-lytes kept in narrow limits of normal
-water content varies with age, gender, fat content
why are older adults more at risk for fluid imbalances? - ✔✔-they have less
body water
intracellular fluid (ICF) - ✔✔-inside the cell
-2/3 of the fluid is there
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,extracellular fluid (ECF) - ✔✔-outside the cell
-1/3 of the fluid is there
-intravascular: inside of a vessel or vascular space (plasma)
-interstitial: within the tissue
-transcellular: tiny amt of fluid in special cavitites (GI, CSF, pleural,
pericardial)
pleural cavity - ✔✔-surrounds the lungs so they can move smoothly inside
the cavity (lubrication)
-10 ml, no more than 30 ml
pericardial sac - ✔✔-surrounds heart
-same as pleural cavity b/c its for lubrication purposes
fluid compartments of body - ✔✔-ECF= 20%, 1/3
-ICF= 40%, 2/3
-plasma= 3 L
-interstitial fluid= 10 L
-intracellular fluid= 28 L
-40% solids
hydrostatic pressure - ✔✔-in BV it's the blood pressure generated by heart
contraction
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, -it's a force within fluid compartment
-at the capillary level hydrostatic pressure is the major force that pushes
water out of the vascular system and into the interstitial space
oncotic pressure - ✔✔-caused by plasma proteins (colloids) in solution-
that's why it's also called colloidal osmotic pressure
-plasma protein molecules attract water, pulling fluid from tissue space to
vascular space (magnet- opposite of hydrostatic pressure)
if there are changes in capillary or interstitial pressures... - ✔✔-fluid may
shift abnormally from one compartment to another resulting in edema or
dehydration
e-lytes carry electrical charge: cations (+) - ✔✔-sodium (Na+)
-Potassium (K+)
-Magnesium (Mg 2+)
-Calcium (Ca 2+)
-Hydrogen
e-lytes carry electrical charge: anions (-) - ✔✔-Chloride (Cl-)
-Phosphate (HPO4 2-)
-Sulfate
-Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Questions and Answers 100% Solved |
Graded A+
Fluids and electrolytes - ✔✔
fluid and electrolyte balance - ✔✔-necessary for homeostasis
-proper body functioning
-survival
fluids - ✔✔-mainly water
-provide transport for vital substances to and from cells (proteins,
hormones, glucose, e-lytes)
-amt of fluids and e-lytes kept in narrow limits of normal
-water content varies with age, gender, fat content
why are older adults more at risk for fluid imbalances? - ✔✔-they have less
body water
intracellular fluid (ICF) - ✔✔-inside the cell
-2/3 of the fluid is there
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,extracellular fluid (ECF) - ✔✔-outside the cell
-1/3 of the fluid is there
-intravascular: inside of a vessel or vascular space (plasma)
-interstitial: within the tissue
-transcellular: tiny amt of fluid in special cavitites (GI, CSF, pleural,
pericardial)
pleural cavity - ✔✔-surrounds the lungs so they can move smoothly inside
the cavity (lubrication)
-10 ml, no more than 30 ml
pericardial sac - ✔✔-surrounds heart
-same as pleural cavity b/c its for lubrication purposes
fluid compartments of body - ✔✔-ECF= 20%, 1/3
-ICF= 40%, 2/3
-plasma= 3 L
-interstitial fluid= 10 L
-intracellular fluid= 28 L
-40% solids
hydrostatic pressure - ✔✔-in BV it's the blood pressure generated by heart
contraction
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, -it's a force within fluid compartment
-at the capillary level hydrostatic pressure is the major force that pushes
water out of the vascular system and into the interstitial space
oncotic pressure - ✔✔-caused by plasma proteins (colloids) in solution-
that's why it's also called colloidal osmotic pressure
-plasma protein molecules attract water, pulling fluid from tissue space to
vascular space (magnet- opposite of hydrostatic pressure)
if there are changes in capillary or interstitial pressures... - ✔✔-fluid may
shift abnormally from one compartment to another resulting in edema or
dehydration
e-lytes carry electrical charge: cations (+) - ✔✔-sodium (Na+)
-Potassium (K+)
-Magnesium (Mg 2+)
-Calcium (Ca 2+)
-Hydrogen
e-lytes carry electrical charge: anions (-) - ✔✔-Chloride (Cl-)
-Phosphate (HPO4 2-)
-Sulfate
-Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
