n n n n n n n n n n
EssentialsnofnEconomics,n7en(Hubbard)
Chaptern2 Trade-offs,nComparativenAdvantage,nandnthenMarketnSystem
2.1 ProductionnPossibilitiesnFrontiersnandnOpportunitynCosts
1) Scarcity
A) stemsnfromnthenincompatibilitynbetweennlimitednresourcesnandnunlimitednwants.
B) cannbenovercomenbyndiscoveringnnewnresources.
C) cannbeneliminatednbynrationingnproducts.
D) isnanbiggernproblemninnmarketneconomiesnthanninnsocialistneconomies.n
Answer:n A
Diff:n2
PagenRef:n42n
Topic:n Scarcity
*:n Recurring
LearningnOutcome:n Micro-
1:nIdentifynthenbasicnprinciplesnofneconomicsnandnexplainnhowntonthinknlikenanneconomist
AACSB:n Analyticalnthinking
2) Inn2017,nTeslanMotorsnintroducednthenModeln3,nitsnfirstnlowncostnmodelnwhichnitnhadnhopedntonsel
lnforn$35,000nbutnrealizednthatnitnwouldnlosenseveralnthousandndollarsnperncarnatnthatnprice.nPriorntonth
enintroductionnofnthenModeln3,nTesla'sntwonexistingnmodelsn(thenModelnSnsedannandnthenModelnXnS
UV)nhadnstartingnpricesnofnovern$70,000nandnatnthosenprices,nthencompanynwasnearningnanprofitnonne
achncarnsold.nTeslanCEOnElonnMusknsaidnthatn"Highernvolumenandnmanufacturingndesignnimprove
mentsnarencrucialnfornTeslan[tonsellnthenModeln3natnanpricenofn$35,000]..............................."n In
decidingntonincreasenvolumenandnimprovenmanufacturingndesignnfornthenModeln3,nTesla
A) facednnontrade-
offsnbecausenitnwasnalreadynmakingnanprofitnsellingnitsnModelnSnandnModelnXnvehicles.
B) facednantrade-
offnbetweenndevotingnadditionalnresourcesntonthenproductionnofnthenModeln3nandndevotingnaddition
alnresourcesntonproducingnitsnothernmodels.
C) wasnguaranteedntonbenablentonreducencostsnonnitsnModeln3ntonanpointnwherenitncouldnsellnthen
Modeln3natnanpricenofn$35,000nandnearnnanprofit.
D) hadnnonchoicenbutntonincreasenthensellingnpricesnofnitsnModelnSnsedannandnModelnXnSUV.n
Answer:n B
Diff:n2
PagenRef:n40nT
opic:nOpportunitynCost
LearningnOutcome:n Micro-
3:nDiscussndifferentntypesnofnmarketnsystemsnandnthengainsnthatncannbenmadenfromntrade
AACSB:n Analyticalnthinking
SpecialnFeature:n ChapternOpener:nElonnMusknandnTeslanMotorsnFacenanTrade-Off
1
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n n n n n n n n n n
3) Thenconceptnofnopportunityncostnisnthat
A) innanmarketneconomy,ntakingnadvantagenofnprofitablenopportunitiesninvolvesnsomenmoneyncost.
B) theneconomicncostnofnusingnanfactornofnproductionnisnthenalternativenusenofnthatnfactornthatnisng
ivennup.
C) takingnadvantagenofninvestmentnopportunitiesninvolvesncosts.
D) thencostnofnproductionnvariesndependingnonnthenopportunitynforntechnologicalnapplication.n
Answer:n B
Diff:n2
PagenRef:n43nT
opic:nOpportunitynCost
*:n Recurring
LearningnOutcome:n Micro-
1:nIdentifynthenbasicnprinciplesnofneconomicsnandnexplainnhowntonthinknlikenanneconomist
AACSB:n Analyticalnthinking
4) Thenproductionnpossibilitiesnfrontiernshowsnthe
combinationsnofntwonproductsnthatncannbenproducedninnanparticularntimenperiodnwithnavailablenr
esources.
A) minimumnattainable
B) maximumnattainable
C) only
D) equitablen
Answer:nnn B
Diff:n2 PagenRef:n42
Topic:n ProductionnPossibilitiesnFrontiers
*:n Recurring
LearningnOutcome:n Micro-
3:nDiscussndifferentntypesnofnmarketnsystemsnandnthengainsnthatncannbenmadenfromntrade
AACSB:n Analyticalnthinking
5) Thenproductionnpossibilitiesnfrontiernmodelnshowsnthat
A) ifnconsumersndecidentonbuynmorenofnanproduct,nitsnpricenwillnincrease.
B) anmarketneconomynisnmorenefficientninnproducingngoodsnandnservicesnthannisnancentrallynp
lannedneconomy.
C) economicngrowthncannonlynbenachievednbynfreenmarketneconomies.
D) ifnallnresourcesnarenfullynandnefficientlynutilized,nmorenofnonengoodncannbenproducednonlynbynp
roducingnlessnofnanotherngood.
Answer:n D
Diff:n2 PagenRef:n42
Topic:n ProductionnPossibilitiesnFrontiers
*:n Recurring
LearningnOutcome:n Micro-
3:nDiscussndifferentntypesnofnmarketnsystemsnandnthengainsnthatncannbenmadenfromntrade
AACSB:n Analyticalnthinking
2
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n n n n n n n n n n
6) Thenproductionnpossibilitiesnfrontiernmodelnassumesnwhichnofnthenfollowing?
A) Labor,ncapital,nland,nandnnaturalnresourcesnarenunlimitedninnquantity.
B) Theneconomynproducesnonlyntwonproducts.
C) Productionnofnanynlevelnofnthentwonproductsnthatntheneconomynproducesnisncurrentlynpossible.
D) Thenlevelnofntechnologynisnvariable.n
Answer:n B
Diff:n2 PagenRef:n42
Topic:n ProductionnPossibilitiesnFrontiers
*:n Recurring
LearningnOutcome:n Micro-
3:nDiscussndifferentntypesnofnmarketnsystemsnandnthengainsnthatncannbenmadenfromntrade
AACSB:n Analyticalnthinking
7) Thenattainablenproductionnpointsnonnanproductionnpossibilitiesnfrontiernare
A) thenhorizontalnandnverticalnintercepts.
B) thenpointsnalongnthenproductionnpossibilitiesnfrontier.
C) thenpointsnoutsidenthenareanenclosednbynthenproductionnpossibilitiesnfrontier.
D) thenpointsnalongnandninsidenthenproductionnpossibilitynfrontier.n
Answer:n D
Diff:n2 PagenRef:n42
Topic:n ProductionnPossibilitiesnFrontiers
*:n Recurring
LearningnOutcome:nMicro-
3:nDiscussndifferentntypesnofnmarketnsystemsnandnthengainsnthatncannbenmadenfromntrade
AACSB:n Analyticalnthinking
8) Thenpointsnoutsidenthenproductionnpossibilitiesnfrontiernare
A) efficient.
B) attainable.
C) inefficient.
D) unattainable.n
Answer:n D
Diff:n2 PagenRef:n43
Topic:n ProductionnPossibilitiesnFrontiers
*:n Recurring
LearningnOutcome:n Micro-
3:nDiscussndifferentntypesnofnmarketnsystemsnandnthengainsnthatncannbenmadenfromntrade
AACSB:n Analyticalnthinking
3
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n n n n n n n n n n
Figuren2-1
9) ReferntonFiguren2-1.nPointnAnis
A) technicallynefficient.
B) unattainablenwithncurrentnresources.
C) inefficientninnthatnnotnallnresourcesnarenbeingnused.
D) thenequilibriumnoutputncombination.n
Answer:n C
Diff:n1 PagenRef:n43
Topic:n ProductionnPossibilitiesnFrontiers
*:n Recurring
LearningnOutcome:n Micro-
2:nInterpretnandnanalyzeninformationnpresentedninndifferentntypesnofngraphs
AACSB:n Analyticalnthinking
10) ReferntonFiguren2-1.nPointnBnis
A) technicallynefficient.
B) unattainablenwithncurrentnresources.
C) inefficientninnthatnnotnallnresourcesnarenbeingnused.
D) thenequilibriumnoutputncombination.n
Answer:n A
Diff:n1 PagenRef:n43
Topic:n ProductionnPossibilitiesnFrontiers
*:n Recurring
LearningnOutcome:n Micro-
2:nInterpretnandnanalyzeninformationnpresentedninndifferentntypesnofngraphs
AACSB:n Analyticalnthinking
4
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