(Test Bank-Midterm II) Chapter 9-Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation well illustrated

(Test Bank-Midterm II) Chapter 9: Altera ons in Immunity and Inflamma on
B B B B B B B B B




1.BHowBisBhypersensi vityBbestBdefined?

a.BABdisturbanceBinBtheBimmunologicBtoleranceBofBself-an gens
b.BAnBimmunologicBreac onBofBoneBpersonBtoBtheB ssueBofBanotherBperson
c.BAnBalteredBimmunologicBresponseBtoBanBan genBthatBresultsBinBdisease
d.BAnBundetectableBimmuneBresponseBinBtheBpresenceBofBan gens

ANS:BC
Hypersensi vityBisBanBalteredBimmunologicBresponseBtoBanBan genBthatBresultsBinBdiseaseBorBdamageBtoBt
heBhost.BAutoimmunityBisBaBdisturbanceBinBtheBimmunologicBtoleranceBofBself-
an gens.BAlloimmunityBisBtheBimmunologicBreac onBofBoneBpersonBtoBtheB ssueBofBanotherBperson.BAnBi
mmuneBdeficiencyBofBsomeBtypeBwouldBcauseBundetectableBimmuneBresponseBinBtheBpresenceBofBan gen
s.



2.BWhatBisBaBhypersensi vityBreac onBthatBproducesBanBallergicBresponseBcalled?

a.BHemoly cBshock
b.BAnaphylaxis
c.BNecro zingBvasculi s
d.BSystemicBerythematosus

ANS:BB
ExamplesBofBsystemicBanaphylaxisBareBallergicBreac onsBtoBbees ngs,Bpeanuts,BandBfish.BHemoly cBshockB
wouldBbeBaBstateBinBwhichBerythrocytesBareBdestroyedBbyBcomplement-
mediatedBlysisBtoBtheBpointBofBcausingBaBstateBofBshock.BNecro zingBvasculi sBisBinflamma onBofBbloodBve
sselBwallsBthatBlimitsBperfusion.BSystemicBlupusBerythematosusB(SLE)BisBaBchronic,Bmul system,Binflammat
oryBdiseaseBandBisBoneBofBtheBmostBcommon,Bcomplex,BandBseriousBofBtheBautoimmuneBdisorders.

3.BTheBcommonBhayBfeverBallergyBisBexpressedBthroughBaBreac onBthatBisBmediatedBbyBwhichBclassBofBimm
unoglobulins?

a.BIgE
b.BIgG
c.BIgM
d.BTBcells

ANS:BA
TypeBIBreac onsBareBmediatedBbyBan gen-
specificBIgEBandBtheBproductsBofB ssueBmastBcells.BTheBmostBcommonBallergiesB(e.g.,BpollenBallergies)BareBt
ypeBIBreac ons.BInBaddi on,BmostBtypeBIBreac onsBoccurBagainstBenvironmentalBan gensBandBareBtherefor
eBallergic.BHayBfeverBallergyBisBnotBmediatedBbyBIgG,BIgM,BorBTBcells.

,4.BWhatBareBbloodBtransfusionBreac onsBanBexampleBof?Ba.BAutoimmunity
b.BAlloimmunity
c.BHomoimmunity
d.BHypersensi vity

ANS:BB
AlloimmunityB(alsoBtermedBisoimmunity)BoccursBwhenBtheBimmuneBsystemBofBoneBindividualBproducesBan
BimmunologicBreac onBagainstB ssuesBofBanotherBindividual.BAutoimmunityBisBaBdisturbanceBinBtheBimmu

nologicBtoleranceBofBself-
an gens.BHomoimmunityBrefersBtoBtheBresistanceBofBaBlysogenicBbacteriumBthatBisBcarryingBaBphageBtoBanB
infec onBbyBtheBsameBtypeBofBphage.BHypersensi vityBisBanBalteredBimmunologicBresponseBtoBanBan genB
thatBresultsBinBdiseaseBorBdamageBtoBtheBhost.

5.BDuringBanBIgE-mediatedBhypersensi vityBreac on,BwhichBleukocyteBisBac vated?

a.BNeutrophils
b.BMonocytes
c.BEosinophils
d.BTBlymphocytes

ANS:BC
OfBtheBop onsBprovided,BonlyBeosinophilsBareBac vatedBduringBIgE-mediatedBhypersensi vityBreac ons.

6.BDuringBanBIgE-mediatedBhypersensi vityBreac on,BwhatBcausesBbronchospasm?

a.BBronchialBedemaBcausedBbyBtheBchemotac cBfactorBofBanaphylaxis
b.BBronchialBedemaBcausedBbyBbindingBofBtheBcytotropicBan body
c.BSmoothBmuscleBcontrac onBcausedBbyBhistamineBboundBtoBH1Breceptors
d.BSmoothBmuscleBcontrac onBcausedBbyBhistamineBboundBtoBH2Breceptors

ANS:BC
DuringBanBIgE-
mediatedBhypersensi vityBreac on,BsmoothBmuscleBcontrac onBcausedBbyBhistamineBboundBtoBH1Brecept
orsBresultsBinBbronchospasms.BTheBbronchospasmBisBnotBcausedBbyBedemaBorBbyBhistamineBbindingBtoBH2B
receptors.



**notBinBourBedi on

7.BABpa entBisBhavingBanBIgE-
mediatedBhypersensi vityBreac on.BWhatBac onBbyBtheBhealthcareBprofessionalBisBbest?

a.BGiveBtheBpa entBanBan histamine.
b.BPrepareBtoBgiveBtheBpa entBaBbloodBtransfusion.

, c.BAskBtheBpa entBisBhe/sheBisBhavingBpainBatBtheBsite.
d.BApplyBwarm,BmoistBheatBtoBtheBaffectedBarea.

ANS:BA
HistamineBisBtheBmostBpotentBmediatorBinBanBIgE-
mediatedBhypersensi vityBreac onB(TypeB1).BHistamineBboundBtoBH2BresultsBinBtheBdegranula onBofBmast
BcellsBwithBtheBreleaseBofBhistamine.BBlockingBhistamineBreceptorsBwithBan histaminesBcanBcontrolBsomeBt

ypeBIBresponses.BTheBhealthcareBprofessionalBwouldBnotBneedBtoBgiveBtheBpa entBblood;Bwarm;BmoistBhea
t;BorBaskBaboutBpain.

8.BWhatBcharacteris cBdoBatopicBindividualsBhaveBthatBmakeBthemBgene callyBpredisposedBtoBdevelopBalle
rgies?

a.BGreaterBquan esBofBhistamine
b.BMoreBhistamineBreceptors
c.BGreaterBquan esBofBIgE
d.BABdeficiencyBinBepinephrine

ANS:BC
AtopicBindividualsBtendBtoBproduceBhigherBquan esBofBIgEBandBtoBhaveBmoreBcrystallineBfragmentB(Fc)Bre
ceptorsBforBIgEBonBtheirBmastBcells.BGreaterBquan esBofBhistamine,BmoreBhistamineBreceptors,BandBaBdefi
ciencyBinBepinephrineBdoBnotBleadBtoBaBgene cBpredisposi onBtoBallergies.

WhatBisBtheBmechanismBthatBresultsBinBtypeBIIBhypersensi vityBreac ons?

a.BAn bodiesBcoatBmastBcellsBbyBbindingBtoBreceptorsBthatBsignalBitsBdegranula on,
followedBbyBaBdischargeBofBpreformedBmediators.
b.BAn bodiesBbindBtoBsolubleBan gensBthatBwereBreleasedBintoBbodyBfluids,BandBthe
immuneBcomplexesBareBthenBdepositedBinBtheB ssues.
c.BCytotoxicBTBlymphocytesBorBlymphokine-producingBhelperBTB1BcellsBdirectly
a ackBandBdestroyBcellularBtargets.
d.BAn bodiesBbindBtoBtheBan gensBonBtheBcellBsurface.

ANS:BD
TheBmechanismBthatBresultsBinBaBtypeBIIBhypersensi vityBreac onBbeginsBwithBan bodyBbindingBtoB ssue-
specificBan gensBorBan gensBthatBhaveBa achedBtoBpar cularB ssues.BTheBcellBcanBbeBdestroyedBbyBan b
odyBIgGBorBIgMBandBac va onBofBtheBcomplementBcascadeBthroughBtheBclassicalBpathway.

10.BWhenBmismatchedBbloodBisBadministeredBcausingBanBABOBincompa bility,BhowBareBtheBerythrocytesB
destroyed?

a.BComplement-mediatedBcellBlysis
b.BPhagocytosisBbyBmacrophages
c.BPhagocytosisBinBtheBspleen
d.BNaturalBkillerBcells