CNPR, NAPSR Exam Questions with
100% Correct Answers 100% Solved |
Graded A+
Margin of safety - ✔✔the difference between the usual effective dose and
the dose that induces severe or life threatening side effects
Rights of drug administration - ✔✔right patient, right medication, right does,
right route of administration, and right time of delivery
Injection routes - ✔✔intramuscular, intrathecal, intravenous, subcutaneous
intramuscular - ✔✔drugs given by direct injection into muscle tissue
intrathecal - ✔✔needle is inserted between to vertebrea in the lower spine
an into space around the spinal cord
intravenous - ✔✔injected directly into the veins
subcutaneous - ✔✔needle inserted into the fatty tissue just beneath the
skin
Bioavailablility - ✔✔how quickly and how much of a drug reaches its
intended target site of action
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Bioequivalent - ✔✔when drugs contain not only the same active ingredients
but also produce virtually the same blood levels over time
Therapeutic equivalence - ✔✔production of the same medicinal effects
Areas of drug elimination and excretion - ✔✔Lungs, breast milk, sweat
tears urine feces, bile, saliva, and exhaled air
medication error - ✔✔failure to administer drug in the correct form
Powders - ✔✔a drug that is dried and ground into fine particles
pills - ✔✔a single dose unit of medicine made by mixing the powdered drug
with liquid such as syrup and rolling it into a round or oval shape
granules - ✔✔a small pill usually accompanied usually accompanied by
many others encased within a gelatin capsule; quite often releasing
medication over time
tablet - ✔✔pharmaceutical preparation made by compressing the
powdered for of a drug and bulk filling material under high pressure;
commonly used for anti acids and antiflatulents
Capsules - ✔✔medication dosage form in which the drug is contained in an
external shell; can be pulled apart for access to contents
sustained release - ✔✔several doses of a drug in special coatings that
dissolve at different rates
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Enteric Coating - ✔✔dosage in special coating that doesn't digest in the
stomach; only starts to digest in the intestines
caplets - ✔✔shaped like a capsule but has the form of a tablet the shape
and file make swallowing easier
gel caps - ✔✔an oil based medication that is enclosed in soft gelatin
capsule
Emulsion - ✔✔two agents that cannot ordinarily be combined or mixed
otic drugs - ✔✔control localized infections or inflammation and require very
low dosages to be effective
Types of drug despensing - ✔✔OTC and prescription
Type A (Augmented) drug reaction - ✔✔exaggeration of the drug's
therapeutic effects
Type B (idiosyncratic) - ✔✔results from mechanisms that are not currently
understood; largely unpredictable
Type C (continuing or chronic) - ✔✔These persist for a long time
Type D delayed - ✔✔these take some time to develop
Type E end of use - ✔✔These occur during drug withdrawal
Risk Factors - ✔✔Use of several drugs, age, Pregnancy and breast feeding
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, Excipients - ✔✔inactive ingredients
Parenteral - ✔✔intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous
Rectal - ✔✔suppository
Oral - ✔✔tablet, capsule, liquid
Transdermal - ✔✔through the skin via creams or patches
Binders - ✔✔cement the active and inert components of tablets
Fillers - ✔✔used to make the drug sufficiently large for easy manufacture
and consumption
Glidants(flow enhancers) - ✔✔added to powdered materials used in pill
production to aid movement through tabletting machinery
suspending/dispersing agents - ✔✔maintain consistent concentration of the
active ingredients throughout the drug product
disintegrants - ✔✔help break up the tablets int the GI tract
Lubricants - ✔✔ease the release of the tablets from the dies that stamp
them during the manufacturing process
AUC - ✔✔represents the extent of the drug absorption or the quantity of the
drug that appears in the bloodstream following oral administration
Cmax - ✔✔peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve
4
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
100% Correct Answers 100% Solved |
Graded A+
Margin of safety - ✔✔the difference between the usual effective dose and
the dose that induces severe or life threatening side effects
Rights of drug administration - ✔✔right patient, right medication, right does,
right route of administration, and right time of delivery
Injection routes - ✔✔intramuscular, intrathecal, intravenous, subcutaneous
intramuscular - ✔✔drugs given by direct injection into muscle tissue
intrathecal - ✔✔needle is inserted between to vertebrea in the lower spine
an into space around the spinal cord
intravenous - ✔✔injected directly into the veins
subcutaneous - ✔✔needle inserted into the fatty tissue just beneath the
skin
Bioavailablility - ✔✔how quickly and how much of a drug reaches its
intended target site of action
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Bioequivalent - ✔✔when drugs contain not only the same active ingredients
but also produce virtually the same blood levels over time
Therapeutic equivalence - ✔✔production of the same medicinal effects
Areas of drug elimination and excretion - ✔✔Lungs, breast milk, sweat
tears urine feces, bile, saliva, and exhaled air
medication error - ✔✔failure to administer drug in the correct form
Powders - ✔✔a drug that is dried and ground into fine particles
pills - ✔✔a single dose unit of medicine made by mixing the powdered drug
with liquid such as syrup and rolling it into a round or oval shape
granules - ✔✔a small pill usually accompanied usually accompanied by
many others encased within a gelatin capsule; quite often releasing
medication over time
tablet - ✔✔pharmaceutical preparation made by compressing the
powdered for of a drug and bulk filling material under high pressure;
commonly used for anti acids and antiflatulents
Capsules - ✔✔medication dosage form in which the drug is contained in an
external shell; can be pulled apart for access to contents
sustained release - ✔✔several doses of a drug in special coatings that
dissolve at different rates
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Enteric Coating - ✔✔dosage in special coating that doesn't digest in the
stomach; only starts to digest in the intestines
caplets - ✔✔shaped like a capsule but has the form of a tablet the shape
and file make swallowing easier
gel caps - ✔✔an oil based medication that is enclosed in soft gelatin
capsule
Emulsion - ✔✔two agents that cannot ordinarily be combined or mixed
otic drugs - ✔✔control localized infections or inflammation and require very
low dosages to be effective
Types of drug despensing - ✔✔OTC and prescription
Type A (Augmented) drug reaction - ✔✔exaggeration of the drug's
therapeutic effects
Type B (idiosyncratic) - ✔✔results from mechanisms that are not currently
understood; largely unpredictable
Type C (continuing or chronic) - ✔✔These persist for a long time
Type D delayed - ✔✔these take some time to develop
Type E end of use - ✔✔These occur during drug withdrawal
Risk Factors - ✔✔Use of several drugs, age, Pregnancy and breast feeding
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, Excipients - ✔✔inactive ingredients
Parenteral - ✔✔intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous
Rectal - ✔✔suppository
Oral - ✔✔tablet, capsule, liquid
Transdermal - ✔✔through the skin via creams or patches
Binders - ✔✔cement the active and inert components of tablets
Fillers - ✔✔used to make the drug sufficiently large for easy manufacture
and consumption
Glidants(flow enhancers) - ✔✔added to powdered materials used in pill
production to aid movement through tabletting machinery
suspending/dispersing agents - ✔✔maintain consistent concentration of the
active ingredients throughout the drug product
disintegrants - ✔✔help break up the tablets int the GI tract
Lubricants - ✔✔ease the release of the tablets from the dies that stamp
them during the manufacturing process
AUC - ✔✔represents the extent of the drug absorption or the quantity of the
drug that appears in the bloodstream following oral administration
Cmax - ✔✔peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve
4
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
