MADM 701 Chapter 7 & 8 Organizational
Behavior Exam Questions and Answers
The study and application of positive oriented human resource strengths and
psychological capacities that can be measure, developed, and effectively managed for
performance improvement in today's workplace - Answers -Positive Organizational
Behavior (POB)
Concerned with optimal human functioning rather than pathological human functioning -
Answers -Positive Psychology
Three Levels of positive psycology - Answers -Valued subjective experiences
Positive individual traits
Civic virtue
This moves individuals toward better citizenship altruism and work ethic - Answers -
Civic virtue
What is example of courage, forgiveness, and wisdom - Answers -Positive individual
traits
What are some examples of contentment, happiness, and hope related to the past,
present, and future. - Answers -Valued subjective experiences
Based on theory and research that is used to valid, reliable measures that are state -like
and open to development and concerned with workplace and how to improve human
performance - Answers -Positive Organizational Behavior (POB)
The most theoretically developed and researched POB construct of an individual's
conviction about his or her abilities to mobilize the motivation, cognitive resources and
courses of action needed to successfully execute a specific task within a given context -
Answers -Self-Efficacy/Confidence
People's belief in successfully completing a specific task; state-like and open to training
and development - Answers -Specific Efficacy
People's belief in successfully accomplishing tasks across a wide variety of
achievement situations; trait-like and fixed - Answers -General Efficacy
,Being global while self-efficacy is task and context specific - Answers -Self-esteem
This focuses on action-outcome attributions while self-efficacy focused on individual
beliefs related to task performance - Answers -Locus of control
The Choice—selection based on level of self-efficacy
Motivational effort—people try harder on tasks with high self-efficacy and Perseverance
—high self-efficacy helps people bounce back Facilitative thought patterns high self-
efficacy related to positive self-talk Vulnerability to stress—high self-efficacy related to
more assurance - Answers -Impact of Self-Efficacy
What is the impact of Self-Efficacy - Answers --Choice—selection based on level of self-
efficacy
-Motivational effort—people try harder on tasks with high self-efficacy
-Perseverance—high self-efficacy helps people bounce back
-Facilitative thought patterns—high self-efficacy related to positive self-talk
-Vulnerability to stress—high self-efficacy related to more assurance
What are some of the Sources of Efficacy - Answers -Positive impact on work-related
performance
Significant contribution to selection of human resources
Positive effect of efficacy training and development on performance
Enhanced self-efficacy related to better stress-coping and productive teamwork
There are two causal attributions that habitually use in interpreting personal bad events
- Answers -Pessimists
Optimists
Makes external (not their fault), unstable (temporary setback), and specific
(problem only in this situation) attributions. - Answers -Optimists
The positive effect on physical and psychological health the characteristics of
perseverance, achievement, and motivation that have a positive attribution about
succeeding now and in the future - Answers -Optimism
What are some Optimism issues organizations are facing? - Answers -Little vs. Big
Optimism
Optimism vs. Pessimism
Learning and Sustaining Optimism
, There seems little question that the strategies, mechanisms, and pathways linking
optimism to outcomes may differ (e.g., time management versus visionary leadership). -
Answers -Little vs. Big Optimism
Interestingly, explanatory style derived from attributions about bad events are usually
independent
of explanatory style based on attributions about good events. - Answers -Optimism vs.
pessimism.
A positive force in the workplace may be motivated to work harder; be more satisfied
and have high morale; have high levels of aspiration and set stretch goals; persevere in
the face of obstacles and difficulties; make attributions of personal failures and setbacks
as temporary, not as personal inadequacy, and view them as a one-time unique
circumstance; and tend to feel good and invigorated both physically and
mentally. - Answers -Optimism in the Workplace
What is the accompanying of OB in Action - Answers -"Half-Empty" or "Half-Full"
Part of inherent makeup of people or their basic human nature - Answers -Optimism as
Human Nature
People who undermine everyting at their own fault that have longtime lasting effects that
expect bad things bad things to happen to them - Answers -Pessimists
People have varying degrees of and expect good things to happen to them - Answers -
Optimism as Individual Difference
Make internal (their own fault), stable (will last a long time), and global (will undermine
everything they do) attributions. - Answers -Pessimists
How an individual habitually attributes the causes
of failure, misfortune, or bad events. - Answers -Explanatory Style
Based on theory and research
Valid Measure
State-like and thus open to development
Managed for performance improvement - Answers -There are four operational criteria
must be met to be included in Positive Organizational Behavior (POB)
This explanatory style is an outgrowth of Seligman's
earlier work on - Answers -Learned Helplessness
Behavior Exam Questions and Answers
The study and application of positive oriented human resource strengths and
psychological capacities that can be measure, developed, and effectively managed for
performance improvement in today's workplace - Answers -Positive Organizational
Behavior (POB)
Concerned with optimal human functioning rather than pathological human functioning -
Answers -Positive Psychology
Three Levels of positive psycology - Answers -Valued subjective experiences
Positive individual traits
Civic virtue
This moves individuals toward better citizenship altruism and work ethic - Answers -
Civic virtue
What is example of courage, forgiveness, and wisdom - Answers -Positive individual
traits
What are some examples of contentment, happiness, and hope related to the past,
present, and future. - Answers -Valued subjective experiences
Based on theory and research that is used to valid, reliable measures that are state -like
and open to development and concerned with workplace and how to improve human
performance - Answers -Positive Organizational Behavior (POB)
The most theoretically developed and researched POB construct of an individual's
conviction about his or her abilities to mobilize the motivation, cognitive resources and
courses of action needed to successfully execute a specific task within a given context -
Answers -Self-Efficacy/Confidence
People's belief in successfully completing a specific task; state-like and open to training
and development - Answers -Specific Efficacy
People's belief in successfully accomplishing tasks across a wide variety of
achievement situations; trait-like and fixed - Answers -General Efficacy
,Being global while self-efficacy is task and context specific - Answers -Self-esteem
This focuses on action-outcome attributions while self-efficacy focused on individual
beliefs related to task performance - Answers -Locus of control
The Choice—selection based on level of self-efficacy
Motivational effort—people try harder on tasks with high self-efficacy and Perseverance
—high self-efficacy helps people bounce back Facilitative thought patterns high self-
efficacy related to positive self-talk Vulnerability to stress—high self-efficacy related to
more assurance - Answers -Impact of Self-Efficacy
What is the impact of Self-Efficacy - Answers --Choice—selection based on level of self-
efficacy
-Motivational effort—people try harder on tasks with high self-efficacy
-Perseverance—high self-efficacy helps people bounce back
-Facilitative thought patterns—high self-efficacy related to positive self-talk
-Vulnerability to stress—high self-efficacy related to more assurance
What are some of the Sources of Efficacy - Answers -Positive impact on work-related
performance
Significant contribution to selection of human resources
Positive effect of efficacy training and development on performance
Enhanced self-efficacy related to better stress-coping and productive teamwork
There are two causal attributions that habitually use in interpreting personal bad events
- Answers -Pessimists
Optimists
Makes external (not their fault), unstable (temporary setback), and specific
(problem only in this situation) attributions. - Answers -Optimists
The positive effect on physical and psychological health the characteristics of
perseverance, achievement, and motivation that have a positive attribution about
succeeding now and in the future - Answers -Optimism
What are some Optimism issues organizations are facing? - Answers -Little vs. Big
Optimism
Optimism vs. Pessimism
Learning and Sustaining Optimism
, There seems little question that the strategies, mechanisms, and pathways linking
optimism to outcomes may differ (e.g., time management versus visionary leadership). -
Answers -Little vs. Big Optimism
Interestingly, explanatory style derived from attributions about bad events are usually
independent
of explanatory style based on attributions about good events. - Answers -Optimism vs.
pessimism.
A positive force in the workplace may be motivated to work harder; be more satisfied
and have high morale; have high levels of aspiration and set stretch goals; persevere in
the face of obstacles and difficulties; make attributions of personal failures and setbacks
as temporary, not as personal inadequacy, and view them as a one-time unique
circumstance; and tend to feel good and invigorated both physically and
mentally. - Answers -Optimism in the Workplace
What is the accompanying of OB in Action - Answers -"Half-Empty" or "Half-Full"
Part of inherent makeup of people or their basic human nature - Answers -Optimism as
Human Nature
People who undermine everyting at their own fault that have longtime lasting effects that
expect bad things bad things to happen to them - Answers -Pessimists
People have varying degrees of and expect good things to happen to them - Answers -
Optimism as Individual Difference
Make internal (their own fault), stable (will last a long time), and global (will undermine
everything they do) attributions. - Answers -Pessimists
How an individual habitually attributes the causes
of failure, misfortune, or bad events. - Answers -Explanatory Style
Based on theory and research
Valid Measure
State-like and thus open to development
Managed for performance improvement - Answers -There are four operational criteria
must be met to be included in Positive Organizational Behavior (POB)
This explanatory style is an outgrowth of Seligman's
earlier work on - Answers -Learned Helplessness
