ATI Proctored Pharmacology exam with correct verified
answers. Latest 2025
1. Anticholinergic effects: dry mouth constipation photophobia blurred vision
Tachycardia
2. Fluphenazine (what is it, how does it work): high potency typical antipsychotic
Block dopamine (D2), acetylcholine, histamine, and norepinephrine receptors in the brain
and periphery.
Inhibition of psychotic manifestations, believed to be a result of D2 blockade in the brain.
3. A nurse is providing teaching with a client, who has schizophrenia, about
strategies to minimize the anticholinergic effects of fluphenazine. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse suggest for the client?: Chew sugarless
gum to moisten the mouth.
When taking action, the nurse should instruct the client who is taking fluphenazine and is
experiencing anticholinergic effects to chew sugarless gum. This instruction would
provide moisture to the client's mouth and decrease the severity of dry mouth which is an
anticholinergic adverse effect.
4. Gentamicin: Gentamicin is a narrow-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic prescribed
to treat serious infections caused by aerobic bacilli
5. Complications of Gentamicin: Gentamicin can injure cells of the proximal renal
tubules.
Naproxen and other NSAIDs can cause renal insufficiency.
The glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys decreases with advanced age, making this
client at increased risk for nephrotoxicity.
6. What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient taking Gentamicin?: -
,BUN
Blood creatinine
Peak and trough levels of gentamicin
Specific gravity of urine
Urinalysis
7. BUN: blood urea nitrogen
8. Nursing actions for a client taking gentamicin: Monitor intake and output. Notify
the provider of low urinary output.
Ensure that the client is adequately hydrated and monitor for fluid overload.
Assess for manifestations of ototoxicity.
9. A nurse is preparing a client's medications. The nurse is responsible for gaining
and maintaining knowledge about which of the following medication
information?: Adverse Effects
Mechanism of Action
Contraindications
Use knowledge of the therapeutic effect and common adverse effects of medications to
compare expected outcomes with actual findings
10. total parenteral nutrition (TPN): nutrient-complete solution given directly into
bloodstream when person cannot eat by mouth
11. A nurse is preparing to complete an incident report for a medication error.
What information (4 things) should the nurse include in the report?: Time of the
incident who was notified of the incident actions taken following the incident client
identification
12. Adverse effects of oxybutynin: Anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, eyes,)
, blurred vision
Hypotension
peripheral
edema QT
interval
prolongation
13. adverse effects of fentanyl patches: Respiratory Depression
Hypotension
Constipation
Nausea or Vomiting
14. Clients who use fentanyl patches will likely need to take what on a daily basis?:
Take a stool softener on a daily basis. Constipation is an adverse effect of opioid use
and stool softeners can decrease the severity 15. Adverse effects of haloperidol:
extrapyrimidal symptoms
16. extrapyramidal symptoms: involuntary fine motor tremors, rigidity, uncontrollable
retlessness, dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, and akathisia
17. When using dopamine to treat heart failure, what are signs to watch indicating
the medication is effective: Dopamine is an adrenergic that causes a receptor
specificity effect, which increases cardiac output and improves perfusion.
You might notice increased urine output as well
18. Adverse effects of Hydrochlorothiazide: Dizziness, vertigo, orthostatic
hypotension, nausea, anorexia, vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhea, polyuria, nocturia,
muscle cramps, or spasms. (think: LOWERS BP)
19. A nurse is preparing to administer hydrochlorothiazide to a client actions
should the nurse take prior to administering this medication: HCTZ is a thiazide
diuretic administered to promote urine output and reduce blood pressure and edema.
answers. Latest 2025
1. Anticholinergic effects: dry mouth constipation photophobia blurred vision
Tachycardia
2. Fluphenazine (what is it, how does it work): high potency typical antipsychotic
Block dopamine (D2), acetylcholine, histamine, and norepinephrine receptors in the brain
and periphery.
Inhibition of psychotic manifestations, believed to be a result of D2 blockade in the brain.
3. A nurse is providing teaching with a client, who has schizophrenia, about
strategies to minimize the anticholinergic effects of fluphenazine. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse suggest for the client?: Chew sugarless
gum to moisten the mouth.
When taking action, the nurse should instruct the client who is taking fluphenazine and is
experiencing anticholinergic effects to chew sugarless gum. This instruction would
provide moisture to the client's mouth and decrease the severity of dry mouth which is an
anticholinergic adverse effect.
4. Gentamicin: Gentamicin is a narrow-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic prescribed
to treat serious infections caused by aerobic bacilli
5. Complications of Gentamicin: Gentamicin can injure cells of the proximal renal
tubules.
Naproxen and other NSAIDs can cause renal insufficiency.
The glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys decreases with advanced age, making this
client at increased risk for nephrotoxicity.
6. What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient taking Gentamicin?: -
,BUN
Blood creatinine
Peak and trough levels of gentamicin
Specific gravity of urine
Urinalysis
7. BUN: blood urea nitrogen
8. Nursing actions for a client taking gentamicin: Monitor intake and output. Notify
the provider of low urinary output.
Ensure that the client is adequately hydrated and monitor for fluid overload.
Assess for manifestations of ototoxicity.
9. A nurse is preparing a client's medications. The nurse is responsible for gaining
and maintaining knowledge about which of the following medication
information?: Adverse Effects
Mechanism of Action
Contraindications
Use knowledge of the therapeutic effect and common adverse effects of medications to
compare expected outcomes with actual findings
10. total parenteral nutrition (TPN): nutrient-complete solution given directly into
bloodstream when person cannot eat by mouth
11. A nurse is preparing to complete an incident report for a medication error.
What information (4 things) should the nurse include in the report?: Time of the
incident who was notified of the incident actions taken following the incident client
identification
12. Adverse effects of oxybutynin: Anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, eyes,)
, blurred vision
Hypotension
peripheral
edema QT
interval
prolongation
13. adverse effects of fentanyl patches: Respiratory Depression
Hypotension
Constipation
Nausea or Vomiting
14. Clients who use fentanyl patches will likely need to take what on a daily basis?:
Take a stool softener on a daily basis. Constipation is an adverse effect of opioid use
and stool softeners can decrease the severity 15. Adverse effects of haloperidol:
extrapyrimidal symptoms
16. extrapyramidal symptoms: involuntary fine motor tremors, rigidity, uncontrollable
retlessness, dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, and akathisia
17. When using dopamine to treat heart failure, what are signs to watch indicating
the medication is effective: Dopamine is an adrenergic that causes a receptor
specificity effect, which increases cardiac output and improves perfusion.
You might notice increased urine output as well
18. Adverse effects of Hydrochlorothiazide: Dizziness, vertigo, orthostatic
hypotension, nausea, anorexia, vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhea, polyuria, nocturia,
muscle cramps, or spasms. (think: LOWERS BP)
19. A nurse is preparing to administer hydrochlorothiazide to a client actions
should the nurse take prior to administering this medication: HCTZ is a thiazide
diuretic administered to promote urine output and reduce blood pressure and edema.
