WGU C268- Scripting and Programming
Foundations Exam/Questions and
Answers/100% Accurate Scores
Program - -Consists of instructions executing one at a time.
- Input - -A program gets data, perhaps from a file, keyboard, touchscreen,
network, etc.
- Process - -A programs performs computations on that data, such as adding
two values like x + y.
- Output - -A programs puts that data somewhere, such as to a file, screen,
network, etc.
- Computational thinking - -Creating a sequence of instructions to solve a
problem.
- Algorithm - -A sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
- Statement - -Carries out some action and executing one at a time.
- String literal - -Consists of text (characters) within double quotes, as in "Go
#57!".
- Cursor - -Indicates where the next output item will be placed in the output.
- Newline - -A special two-character sequence \n whose appearance in an
output string literal causes the cursor to move to the next output line. The
newline exists invisibly in the output.
- Comment - -Text added to a program, read by humans to understand the
code, but ignored by the program when executed.
- Whitespace - -Refers to blank spaces (space and tab characters) between
items within a statement, and to newlines. Whitespace helps improve
readability for humans, but for execution purposes is mostly ignored.
- Pseudocode - -Text that resembles a program in a real programming
language but is simplified to aid human understanding.
- Assignment statement - -Assigns a variable with a value, such as x = 5. An
assignment statement's left side must be a variable. The right side is an
expression.Examples: x = 5, y = a, or z = w + 2.
, - = - -In programming, = is an assignment of a left-side variable with a right-
side value. It does not represent equality like in mathematics.
- Variable declaration - -Declares a new variable, specifying the variable's
name and type.
- Identifier - -A name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or
function. An identifier must: be a sequence of letters (a-z, A-Z), underscores
(_), and digits (0-9), AND start with a letter or underscore.
- Reserved word or keyword - -A word that is part of the language, like
integer, Get, or Put. A programmer cannot use a reserved word as an
identifier.
- Lower camel case - -Abuts multiple words, capitalizing each word except
the first, such as numApples.
- Underscore separated - -Words are lowercase and separated by an
underscore, such as num_apples.
- Expression - -A combination of items, like variables, literals, operators, and
parentheses, that evaluates to a value. Example: 2 * (x+1)
- Literal - -A specific value in code, like 2.
- Operator - -A symbol that performs a built-in calculation, like the operator
+ which performs addition.
- Unary minus - -The subtraction sign (-) used as a negative.
- Note about integer literal - -Commas are not allowed, so 1,333,555 must
be written as 1333555.
- Incremental development - -The process of writing, compiling, and testing
a small amount of code, then writing, compiling, and testing a small amount
more (an incremental amount), and so on.
- Floating-point number - -A real number, like 98.6, 0.0001, or -666.667.
- Floating-point literal - -A number with a fractional part, even if that fraction
is 0, such as 1.0, 0.0, or 99.573.
- Function - -A list of statements executed by invoking the function's name,
with such invoking known as a function call.
Foundations Exam/Questions and
Answers/100% Accurate Scores
Program - -Consists of instructions executing one at a time.
- Input - -A program gets data, perhaps from a file, keyboard, touchscreen,
network, etc.
- Process - -A programs performs computations on that data, such as adding
two values like x + y.
- Output - -A programs puts that data somewhere, such as to a file, screen,
network, etc.
- Computational thinking - -Creating a sequence of instructions to solve a
problem.
- Algorithm - -A sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
- Statement - -Carries out some action and executing one at a time.
- String literal - -Consists of text (characters) within double quotes, as in "Go
#57!".
- Cursor - -Indicates where the next output item will be placed in the output.
- Newline - -A special two-character sequence \n whose appearance in an
output string literal causes the cursor to move to the next output line. The
newline exists invisibly in the output.
- Comment - -Text added to a program, read by humans to understand the
code, but ignored by the program when executed.
- Whitespace - -Refers to blank spaces (space and tab characters) between
items within a statement, and to newlines. Whitespace helps improve
readability for humans, but for execution purposes is mostly ignored.
- Pseudocode - -Text that resembles a program in a real programming
language but is simplified to aid human understanding.
- Assignment statement - -Assigns a variable with a value, such as x = 5. An
assignment statement's left side must be a variable. The right side is an
expression.Examples: x = 5, y = a, or z = w + 2.
, - = - -In programming, = is an assignment of a left-side variable with a right-
side value. It does not represent equality like in mathematics.
- Variable declaration - -Declares a new variable, specifying the variable's
name and type.
- Identifier - -A name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or
function. An identifier must: be a sequence of letters (a-z, A-Z), underscores
(_), and digits (0-9), AND start with a letter or underscore.
- Reserved word or keyword - -A word that is part of the language, like
integer, Get, or Put. A programmer cannot use a reserved word as an
identifier.
- Lower camel case - -Abuts multiple words, capitalizing each word except
the first, such as numApples.
- Underscore separated - -Words are lowercase and separated by an
underscore, such as num_apples.
- Expression - -A combination of items, like variables, literals, operators, and
parentheses, that evaluates to a value. Example: 2 * (x+1)
- Literal - -A specific value in code, like 2.
- Operator - -A symbol that performs a built-in calculation, like the operator
+ which performs addition.
- Unary minus - -The subtraction sign (-) used as a negative.
- Note about integer literal - -Commas are not allowed, so 1,333,555 must
be written as 1333555.
- Incremental development - -The process of writing, compiling, and testing
a small amount of code, then writing, compiling, and testing a small amount
more (an incremental amount), and so on.
- Floating-point number - -A real number, like 98.6, 0.0001, or -666.667.
- Floating-point literal - -A number with a fractional part, even if that fraction
is 0, such as 1.0, 0.0, or 99.573.
- Function - -A list of statements executed by invoking the function's name,
with such invoking known as a function call.
