ASTB AVIATION TRAINING COURSES
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Newton's First Law of Motion - Answer-Maintains that a body at rest tends to remain at
rest, and a body in motion tends to remain in motion unless acted upon by an outside
force.
Newton's Second Law of Motion - Answer-F=ma, where F is the force acting on an
object, m stands for an object's mass, and a is the object's acceleration.
Newton's Third Law of Motion - Answer-For every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
Bernoulli's Principle - Answer-The velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by
that fluid decreases. The faster a fluid travels over a surface, the less time it has to exert
pressure on any given part of that surface.
Upwash - Answer-Oncoming air stream that is deflected upward and over the wing
Leading Edge - Answer-The part of the airfoil that meets the airflow first
Trailing Edge - Answer-Where the airflow that came over the upper surface rejoins the
lower surface first
Downwash - Answer-Downward airstream deflection as it passes over the wing and
past the trailing edge
Stall - Answer-Caused by the separation of airflow from the wing's upper surface,
resulting in a rapid decrease in lift. Separation happens from the trailing edge moving
forward toward the leading edge, and allows a reverse airflow to creep in that presses
down on the wing.
Recovering from Stall - Answer-Pilot must restore the smooth airflow by decreasing the
angle of attack below the stalling angle, allowing normal lift dynamics to resume.
Primary Flight Controls - Answer-Ailerons, Rudder, Elevators
Secondary Flight Controls - Answer-Flaps, Leading Edge Devices, Spoilers, Trim
Systems
, Flaps - Answer-Attached to the trailing edge of the wing, increase both lift and drag for
any given angle of attack.
Leading Edge Devices - Answer-High-lift devices also can be put on the leading edge of
the airfoil.
Spoilers - Answer-High-drag devices that are deployed from the wings to spoil the
smooth airflow, reducing lift and increasing drag. Used for roll control on some aircraft,
one of the advantages being the elimination of adverse yaw.
Trim Systems - Answer-Used to relieve the pilot of the need to maintain constant
pressure on the flight controls.
Altimeter - Answer-Measures height above a particular air pressure level, and therefore
gives the pilot information about his altitude above the ground.
Indicated Altitude - Answer-The uncorrected altitude read directly from the altimeter
when it is set to the current altimeter setting.
True Altitude - Answer-The vertical distance of the airplane above sea level; the actual
altitude. It is often expressed as feet above mean sea level (MSL); airport, terrain, and
obstacle elevations on aeronautical charts are true altitudes.
Absolute Altitude - Answer-The vertical distance of an airplane above the terrain, or
above ground level.
Pressure Altitude - Answer-Altitude indicated when the altimeter setting window is
adjusted to 29.92. The altitude above the standard datum plane, which is a theoretical
level where air pressure (corrected to 15 degrees C) equals 29.92 inches of mercury
(Hg). Used to compute density altitude, true altitude, true airspeed, and other
performance data.
Density Altitude - Answer-Pressure altitude corrected for variations from standard
temperature. When conditions are standard, pressure altitude and density altitude are
the same. If the temperature is above standard, the density altitude is higher than
pressure altitude. If the temperature is below standard, the density altitude is lower than
pressure altitude.
Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) - Answer-Indicates whether the airplane is climbing,
descending, or in level flight. Indicated in feet per minute.
VSI Trend and Lag - Answer-Trend is the initial indication of change in climb (when
moving controls for pitch). Lag is the time between the trend and when the VSI needle
stabilizes on the new rate of climb.
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Newton's First Law of Motion - Answer-Maintains that a body at rest tends to remain at
rest, and a body in motion tends to remain in motion unless acted upon by an outside
force.
Newton's Second Law of Motion - Answer-F=ma, where F is the force acting on an
object, m stands for an object's mass, and a is the object's acceleration.
Newton's Third Law of Motion - Answer-For every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
Bernoulli's Principle - Answer-The velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by
that fluid decreases. The faster a fluid travels over a surface, the less time it has to exert
pressure on any given part of that surface.
Upwash - Answer-Oncoming air stream that is deflected upward and over the wing
Leading Edge - Answer-The part of the airfoil that meets the airflow first
Trailing Edge - Answer-Where the airflow that came over the upper surface rejoins the
lower surface first
Downwash - Answer-Downward airstream deflection as it passes over the wing and
past the trailing edge
Stall - Answer-Caused by the separation of airflow from the wing's upper surface,
resulting in a rapid decrease in lift. Separation happens from the trailing edge moving
forward toward the leading edge, and allows a reverse airflow to creep in that presses
down on the wing.
Recovering from Stall - Answer-Pilot must restore the smooth airflow by decreasing the
angle of attack below the stalling angle, allowing normal lift dynamics to resume.
Primary Flight Controls - Answer-Ailerons, Rudder, Elevators
Secondary Flight Controls - Answer-Flaps, Leading Edge Devices, Spoilers, Trim
Systems
, Flaps - Answer-Attached to the trailing edge of the wing, increase both lift and drag for
any given angle of attack.
Leading Edge Devices - Answer-High-lift devices also can be put on the leading edge of
the airfoil.
Spoilers - Answer-High-drag devices that are deployed from the wings to spoil the
smooth airflow, reducing lift and increasing drag. Used for roll control on some aircraft,
one of the advantages being the elimination of adverse yaw.
Trim Systems - Answer-Used to relieve the pilot of the need to maintain constant
pressure on the flight controls.
Altimeter - Answer-Measures height above a particular air pressure level, and therefore
gives the pilot information about his altitude above the ground.
Indicated Altitude - Answer-The uncorrected altitude read directly from the altimeter
when it is set to the current altimeter setting.
True Altitude - Answer-The vertical distance of the airplane above sea level; the actual
altitude. It is often expressed as feet above mean sea level (MSL); airport, terrain, and
obstacle elevations on aeronautical charts are true altitudes.
Absolute Altitude - Answer-The vertical distance of an airplane above the terrain, or
above ground level.
Pressure Altitude - Answer-Altitude indicated when the altimeter setting window is
adjusted to 29.92. The altitude above the standard datum plane, which is a theoretical
level where air pressure (corrected to 15 degrees C) equals 29.92 inches of mercury
(Hg). Used to compute density altitude, true altitude, true airspeed, and other
performance data.
Density Altitude - Answer-Pressure altitude corrected for variations from standard
temperature. When conditions are standard, pressure altitude and density altitude are
the same. If the temperature is above standard, the density altitude is higher than
pressure altitude. If the temperature is below standard, the density altitude is lower than
pressure altitude.
Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) - Answer-Indicates whether the airplane is climbing,
descending, or in level flight. Indicated in feet per minute.
VSI Trend and Lag - Answer-Trend is the initial indication of change in climb (when
moving controls for pitch). Lag is the time between the trend and when the VSI needle
stabilizes on the new rate of climb.
