NBME PHYSIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Digitalis/Ouabain block - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Na+/K+ ATPase
Omeprazole blocks - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅H+/K+ ATPase (its a proton pump inhibitor)
Na+ -glucose cotransport occurs in: - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅intestinal lumen and renal
proximal tubule
Urea is not an effective osmole because - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅reflection coefficient is
close to zero
Tetrodotoxin and licodain block - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅voltage-gated Na+ channels
Hyperkalemia effect on AP - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Decreases AP because it depolarizes
the membrane so that Na+ channel gates remain closed. Effect is muscle weakness
NMJ neurotransmitter and receptor type - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅ACh and nicotinic
receptor (which is also a Na+/K+ channel)
Effect of botulinum toxin (botox) - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Blocks release of ACh from
presynaptic terminal (permanent)
Curare effect - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Copmetes with ACh for receptors on motor end
plate (decreases size of EPP, too much causes paralysis of respiratory muscles and death)
NBME Physiology EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
, Neostigmine - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Inhibits AChesterase - prolongs action of ACh at
muscle end plate. Treatment for myasthenia gravis
Hemicholium - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Blocks reuptake of choline into presynaptic terminal
- depletes ACh stores from presynaptic terminal - decreases rate of synaptic transmission
Myasthenia gravis - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Antibodies for ACh receptor. Muscle weakness
(progressive throughout day). Treat with neostigmine
The only inhibitory neurotransmitters (2) - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅GABA and glycine
(increase Cl- conductance)
(NO is also inhibitory but only in GI, blood vessels, and CNS)
Schizophrenia involves increased levels of: - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅D2 receptors
(dopamine, inhibitory)
Difference between muscarinic and nicotinic receptors? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Nicotinic
- ACh and nicotine. NMJ receptors.
Muscarinic - ACh and muscarine. End receptors of parasympathetic pathway. M2 in heart
(inhibititory) and M3 in smooth muscle and glands (excitatory). Blocked by atropine
Types of beta receptors and functions? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅B1 - increase HR,
contractivility, AV node conduction, increases renin secretion and increase lipolysis
B2 - dilate blood vessels in skeletal muscle, dilates bronchiole SM, relaxes bladder wall ,
decrease GI motility
Types alpha receptors and functions? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅a1 - constricts blood vessels
in skin, constricts GI and bladder sphincters, dilate pupil
a2 - decreases GI motility
NBME Physiology EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
CORRECT ANSWERS
Digitalis/Ouabain block - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Na+/K+ ATPase
Omeprazole blocks - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅H+/K+ ATPase (its a proton pump inhibitor)
Na+ -glucose cotransport occurs in: - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅intestinal lumen and renal
proximal tubule
Urea is not an effective osmole because - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅reflection coefficient is
close to zero
Tetrodotoxin and licodain block - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅voltage-gated Na+ channels
Hyperkalemia effect on AP - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Decreases AP because it depolarizes
the membrane so that Na+ channel gates remain closed. Effect is muscle weakness
NMJ neurotransmitter and receptor type - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅ACh and nicotinic
receptor (which is also a Na+/K+ channel)
Effect of botulinum toxin (botox) - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Blocks release of ACh from
presynaptic terminal (permanent)
Curare effect - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Copmetes with ACh for receptors on motor end
plate (decreases size of EPP, too much causes paralysis of respiratory muscles and death)
NBME Physiology EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
, Neostigmine - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Inhibits AChesterase - prolongs action of ACh at
muscle end plate. Treatment for myasthenia gravis
Hemicholium - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Blocks reuptake of choline into presynaptic terminal
- depletes ACh stores from presynaptic terminal - decreases rate of synaptic transmission
Myasthenia gravis - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Antibodies for ACh receptor. Muscle weakness
(progressive throughout day). Treat with neostigmine
The only inhibitory neurotransmitters (2) - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅GABA and glycine
(increase Cl- conductance)
(NO is also inhibitory but only in GI, blood vessels, and CNS)
Schizophrenia involves increased levels of: - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅D2 receptors
(dopamine, inhibitory)
Difference between muscarinic and nicotinic receptors? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Nicotinic
- ACh and nicotine. NMJ receptors.
Muscarinic - ACh and muscarine. End receptors of parasympathetic pathway. M2 in heart
(inhibititory) and M3 in smooth muscle and glands (excitatory). Blocked by atropine
Types of beta receptors and functions? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅B1 - increase HR,
contractivility, AV node conduction, increases renin secretion and increase lipolysis
B2 - dilate blood vessels in skeletal muscle, dilates bronchiole SM, relaxes bladder wall ,
decrease GI motility
Types alpha receptors and functions? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅a1 - constricts blood vessels
in skin, constricts GI and bladder sphincters, dilate pupil
a2 - decreases GI motility
NBME Physiology EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
