BS 161 Exam 1 - Questions & Accurate Answers (Rated
A+)
The language of nucleic acids is converted to the language of amino acids
during the process known as:
a. translation.
b. transcription.
c. central dogma.
d. replication. Right Ans - a. translation
The first cells were most similar to:
a. eukaryotes.
b. multicellular forms.
c. none
d. viruses.
e. prokaryotes. Right Ans - e. prokaryotes.
Observations are used by scientists to draw tentative explanations called
hypotheses.
a. false
b. true Right Ans - b. true
In which of the domains do the cells store their genetic information in a
nucleus?
a. Archaea and Bacteria
b. Archaea
c. Eukarya
d. Eukarya and Archaea
e. Bacteria and Eukarya Right Ans - c. Eukarya
When we say that the cell is the fundamental unit of life, we mean that:
a. a single cell can carry out all life processes.
b. all living things are made up of one or more cells.
c. all of these choices are correct.
,d. the smallest entity that can be considered living is a cell.
e. life doesn't exist in the absence of cells. Right Ans - c. all of these choices
are correct.
Nucleic acids are important information storage molecules present in virtually
every cell. Which of the processes is carried out by a cell when it accesses that
information in the DNA of the genes?
a. DNA replication and transcription
b. transcription and translation
c. DNA replication and translation Right Ans - b. transcription and
translation
Which process is an example of the first law of thermodynamics in action?
a. Energy is created by cells during ATP synthesis.
b. Some energy is released as heat during metabolic processes.
c. As monomers combine into polymers, the disorder inside the cell
decreases.
d. Light energy is transformed into chemical energy during photosynthesis.
Right Ans - d. Light energy is transformed into chemical energy during
photosynthesis.
If you were to compare the entropy of a dog to that of a bucket of water, which
of the statements would be true?
a. The entropy of the bucket of water would be greater.
b. The entropy of the bucket of water and the entropy of the dog would be
equal.
c. The entropy of the dog would be greater. Right Ans - a. The entropy of
the bucket of water would be greater. (To maintain itself as a living organism,
the dog (or any living organism) needs constant input of energy. A bucket of
water will remain a bucket of water without input of energy. In fact, if you add
energy to water, it may change its state to a gas and become even more
disordered (exhibit higher entropy).)
Suppose that a researcher claimed to have created a genetically modified
plant that produces twice as much energy as it harnesses from its
environment. How could this be possible?
, a. This is impossible because such a plant would violate the laws of
thermodynamics.
b. The researcher has likely doubled the amount of DNA present in the plant's
genome.
c. The researcher has inserted genes into the plant's genome that increase the
amount of work the plant is capable of performing.
d. The researcher has inserted a mutation into the plant's genome that causes
twice the amount of ATP to be produced.
e. The researcher has found a way to decrease the overall entropy of the
plant. Right Ans - a. This is impossible because such a plant would violate
the laws of thermodynamics.
The three main groups, or domains, of organisms are:
a. animals, plants, and protists.
b. animals, plants, and fungi.
c. animals, plants, and Bacteria.
d. Bacteria, Archaea, and prokaryotes.
e. Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Right Ans - e. Bacteria, Archaea, and
Eukarya.
A mutation in _____ results in a change in _____ that sometimes produces a(n)
_____ with altered structure and function.
a. RNA; protein; DNA
b. RNA; DNA; protein
c. protein; RNA; DNA
d. protein; DNA; RNA
e. DNA; RNA; protein Right Ans - e. DNA; RNA; protein
Which one of the options by itself does not possess the ability to synthesize its
own proteins?
a. a human cell, a virus, and a bacterial cell
b. a virus
c. a human cell
d. a viral particle and a bacterial cell
A+)
The language of nucleic acids is converted to the language of amino acids
during the process known as:
a. translation.
b. transcription.
c. central dogma.
d. replication. Right Ans - a. translation
The first cells were most similar to:
a. eukaryotes.
b. multicellular forms.
c. none
d. viruses.
e. prokaryotes. Right Ans - e. prokaryotes.
Observations are used by scientists to draw tentative explanations called
hypotheses.
a. false
b. true Right Ans - b. true
In which of the domains do the cells store their genetic information in a
nucleus?
a. Archaea and Bacteria
b. Archaea
c. Eukarya
d. Eukarya and Archaea
e. Bacteria and Eukarya Right Ans - c. Eukarya
When we say that the cell is the fundamental unit of life, we mean that:
a. a single cell can carry out all life processes.
b. all living things are made up of one or more cells.
c. all of these choices are correct.
,d. the smallest entity that can be considered living is a cell.
e. life doesn't exist in the absence of cells. Right Ans - c. all of these choices
are correct.
Nucleic acids are important information storage molecules present in virtually
every cell. Which of the processes is carried out by a cell when it accesses that
information in the DNA of the genes?
a. DNA replication and transcription
b. transcription and translation
c. DNA replication and translation Right Ans - b. transcription and
translation
Which process is an example of the first law of thermodynamics in action?
a. Energy is created by cells during ATP synthesis.
b. Some energy is released as heat during metabolic processes.
c. As monomers combine into polymers, the disorder inside the cell
decreases.
d. Light energy is transformed into chemical energy during photosynthesis.
Right Ans - d. Light energy is transformed into chemical energy during
photosynthesis.
If you were to compare the entropy of a dog to that of a bucket of water, which
of the statements would be true?
a. The entropy of the bucket of water would be greater.
b. The entropy of the bucket of water and the entropy of the dog would be
equal.
c. The entropy of the dog would be greater. Right Ans - a. The entropy of
the bucket of water would be greater. (To maintain itself as a living organism,
the dog (or any living organism) needs constant input of energy. A bucket of
water will remain a bucket of water without input of energy. In fact, if you add
energy to water, it may change its state to a gas and become even more
disordered (exhibit higher entropy).)
Suppose that a researcher claimed to have created a genetically modified
plant that produces twice as much energy as it harnesses from its
environment. How could this be possible?
, a. This is impossible because such a plant would violate the laws of
thermodynamics.
b. The researcher has likely doubled the amount of DNA present in the plant's
genome.
c. The researcher has inserted genes into the plant's genome that increase the
amount of work the plant is capable of performing.
d. The researcher has inserted a mutation into the plant's genome that causes
twice the amount of ATP to be produced.
e. The researcher has found a way to decrease the overall entropy of the
plant. Right Ans - a. This is impossible because such a plant would violate
the laws of thermodynamics.
The three main groups, or domains, of organisms are:
a. animals, plants, and protists.
b. animals, plants, and fungi.
c. animals, plants, and Bacteria.
d. Bacteria, Archaea, and prokaryotes.
e. Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Right Ans - e. Bacteria, Archaea, and
Eukarya.
A mutation in _____ results in a change in _____ that sometimes produces a(n)
_____ with altered structure and function.
a. RNA; protein; DNA
b. RNA; DNA; protein
c. protein; RNA; DNA
d. protein; DNA; RNA
e. DNA; RNA; protein Right Ans - e. DNA; RNA; protein
Which one of the options by itself does not possess the ability to synthesize its
own proteins?
a. a human cell, a virus, and a bacterial cell
b. a virus
c. a human cell
d. a viral particle and a bacterial cell
