ATI - The Cardiovascular System Test Graded
questions with answers With a guranteed A+
A nurse is completing a medication history for a client who reports using fish oil as a dietary
supplement. Which of the following substances in fish oil should the nurse recognize as a health
benefit to the client?
a) Omega-3 fatty acids
b) Antioxidants
c) Vitamins A, D and C
d) Beta-carotene - -correct ans- -a) Omega-3 fatty acids
Fish oil contains omega-3 fatty acids, which can help lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and
stroke by decreasing triglyceride levels
A nurse is caring for a client who has hemophilia. The client reports pain and swelling in a joint
following an injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
a) Obtain blood samples to test platelet function
b) Prepare for replacement of the missing clotting factor
c) Administer aspirin for the client's pain
d) Place the bleeding joint in the dependent position - -correct ans- -b) Prepare for replacement
of the missing clotting factor
Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder in which blood clots slowly and abnormal bleeding
occurs. It is caused by a deficiency in the most common clotting factor, factor VIII (hemophilia A).
Aggressive factor replacement is initiated to prevent hemarthrosis that can result in long-term
loss of range of motion in repeatedly affected joints.
A nurse is reviewing a client's repeat lab results 4 hrs after administering fresh frozen plasma
(FFP). Which of the following lab results should the nurse review?
a) Prothrombin time
,b) WBC count
c) Platelet count
d) Hematocrit - -correct ans- -a) Prothrombin time
The nurse should review the clients prothrombin time after the administration of FFP, which is
plasma rich in clotting factors. FFP is administered to treat acute clotting disorders. The desired
effect is a decrease in the prothrombin time
A nurse is assessing a client who has right sided heart failure. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect?
a) Decreased capillary refill
b) Dyspnea
c) Orthopnea
d) Dependent edema - -correct ans- -d) Dependent edema
Blood return from the venous system to the right atrium is impaired by a weakened right heart.
The subsequent systemic venous backup leads to development of the dependent edema.
A nurse is administering a unit of packed RBCs to a client who is postoperative. The client reports
itching and has hives 30 min after the infusion begins. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take first?
a) Maintain the IV access with 0.9% sodium chloride
b) Stop the infusion of blood
c) send the blood container and tubing to the blood bank
d) Obtain a urine sample - -correct ans- -b) stop the infusion of blood
The nurse should apply the urgent vs nonurgent priority setting framework. The nurse should
stop the infusion of blood because the client has manifestations of an allergic reaction.
The nurse is monitoring a client who had a myocardial infarction. For which of the following
complications should the nurse monitor in the first 24 hrs?
a) Infective endocarditis
,b) Pericarditis
c) Ventricular dysrhythmias
d) Pulmonary emboli - -correct ans- -c) ventricular dysrhythmias
After an MI, the electrical conduction system of the heart can be irritable and prone to
dysrhythmias. Ischemic tissue caused by the infarction can also interfere with the normal
conduction patterns of the hearts electrical system.
A nurse is transfusing a unit of O-negative fresh frozen plasma to a client whose blood type is B
positive. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
a) Continue to monitor for manifestations of a transfusion reaction
b) Remove the unit of plasma immediately and start an IV infusion of normal saline solution
c) Continue the transfusion and repeat the type and crossmatch
d) Prepare to administer a dose of diphenhydramine IV - -correct ans- -b) Remove the unit of
plasma immediately and start an IV infusion of normal saline solution
A client who receives FFB that is not compatible can experience a hemolytic transfusion reaction.
The nurse should stop the transfusion and infuse 0.9% sodium chloride solution with new tubing.
A nurse is caring for a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm and is scheduled for surgery.
The clients vital signs are BP 160/98, HR 102/min, R 22/min, SpO2 95%. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
a) Administer antihypertensive medication for BP
b) Monitor that urinary output is 20 ml/hr
c) Withhold pain meds to prepare for surgery
d) Take vital signs every 2 hours - -correct ans- -a) Administer antihypertensive medication for
the elevated BP because HTN can cause a sudden rupture of the aneurysm due to pressure on
the arterial wall.
A nurse is assessing a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following
manifestations should the nurse expect?
, a) Midsternal chest pain
b) Thrill
c) Pitting edema in lower extremities
d) Lower back discomfort - -correct ans- -d) Lower back discomfort
Abdominal aortic aneurysm involves a widening, stretching or ballooning of the aorta. Back and
abdominal pain indicate that the aneurysm is extending downward and pressing on lumbar
spinal nerve roots, causing pain.
A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid volume overload from a cardiovascular disorder.
Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select All That Apply)
a) Jugular vein distension
b) Moist crackles
c) Postural hypotension
d) Increased heart rate
e) Fever - -correct ans- -a) Jugular vein distention : The increase in venous pressure due to
excessive circulating blood volume results in neck vein distention
b) Moist crackles : An indicator of pulmonary edema that can quickly lead to death
d) Increased heart rate : fluid volume excess, or hypervolemia, is an expansion of fluid volume in
the extracellular fluid compartment. This results in increased heart rate and bounding pulses
A nurse is assessing for cardiac tamponade on a client who had coronary artery bypass grafts.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
a) Check for hypertension
b) Auscultate for loud, bounding heart sounds
c) Auscultate blood pressure for pulsus paradoxus
d) Check for a pulse deficit - -correct ans- -c) Auscultate blood pressure for pulsus paradoxus
The client who has cardiac tamponade will have pulsus paradoxus when the systolic blood
pressure is at least 10 mm Hg higher on expiration that on inspiration. This occurs because of the
sudden decrease in cardiac output from the fluid compressing the atria and ventricles
questions with answers With a guranteed A+
A nurse is completing a medication history for a client who reports using fish oil as a dietary
supplement. Which of the following substances in fish oil should the nurse recognize as a health
benefit to the client?
a) Omega-3 fatty acids
b) Antioxidants
c) Vitamins A, D and C
d) Beta-carotene - -correct ans- -a) Omega-3 fatty acids
Fish oil contains omega-3 fatty acids, which can help lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and
stroke by decreasing triglyceride levels
A nurse is caring for a client who has hemophilia. The client reports pain and swelling in a joint
following an injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
a) Obtain blood samples to test platelet function
b) Prepare for replacement of the missing clotting factor
c) Administer aspirin for the client's pain
d) Place the bleeding joint in the dependent position - -correct ans- -b) Prepare for replacement
of the missing clotting factor
Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder in which blood clots slowly and abnormal bleeding
occurs. It is caused by a deficiency in the most common clotting factor, factor VIII (hemophilia A).
Aggressive factor replacement is initiated to prevent hemarthrosis that can result in long-term
loss of range of motion in repeatedly affected joints.
A nurse is reviewing a client's repeat lab results 4 hrs after administering fresh frozen plasma
(FFP). Which of the following lab results should the nurse review?
a) Prothrombin time
,b) WBC count
c) Platelet count
d) Hematocrit - -correct ans- -a) Prothrombin time
The nurse should review the clients prothrombin time after the administration of FFP, which is
plasma rich in clotting factors. FFP is administered to treat acute clotting disorders. The desired
effect is a decrease in the prothrombin time
A nurse is assessing a client who has right sided heart failure. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect?
a) Decreased capillary refill
b) Dyspnea
c) Orthopnea
d) Dependent edema - -correct ans- -d) Dependent edema
Blood return from the venous system to the right atrium is impaired by a weakened right heart.
The subsequent systemic venous backup leads to development of the dependent edema.
A nurse is administering a unit of packed RBCs to a client who is postoperative. The client reports
itching and has hives 30 min after the infusion begins. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take first?
a) Maintain the IV access with 0.9% sodium chloride
b) Stop the infusion of blood
c) send the blood container and tubing to the blood bank
d) Obtain a urine sample - -correct ans- -b) stop the infusion of blood
The nurse should apply the urgent vs nonurgent priority setting framework. The nurse should
stop the infusion of blood because the client has manifestations of an allergic reaction.
The nurse is monitoring a client who had a myocardial infarction. For which of the following
complications should the nurse monitor in the first 24 hrs?
a) Infective endocarditis
,b) Pericarditis
c) Ventricular dysrhythmias
d) Pulmonary emboli - -correct ans- -c) ventricular dysrhythmias
After an MI, the electrical conduction system of the heart can be irritable and prone to
dysrhythmias. Ischemic tissue caused by the infarction can also interfere with the normal
conduction patterns of the hearts electrical system.
A nurse is transfusing a unit of O-negative fresh frozen plasma to a client whose blood type is B
positive. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
a) Continue to monitor for manifestations of a transfusion reaction
b) Remove the unit of plasma immediately and start an IV infusion of normal saline solution
c) Continue the transfusion and repeat the type and crossmatch
d) Prepare to administer a dose of diphenhydramine IV - -correct ans- -b) Remove the unit of
plasma immediately and start an IV infusion of normal saline solution
A client who receives FFB that is not compatible can experience a hemolytic transfusion reaction.
The nurse should stop the transfusion and infuse 0.9% sodium chloride solution with new tubing.
A nurse is caring for a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm and is scheduled for surgery.
The clients vital signs are BP 160/98, HR 102/min, R 22/min, SpO2 95%. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
a) Administer antihypertensive medication for BP
b) Monitor that urinary output is 20 ml/hr
c) Withhold pain meds to prepare for surgery
d) Take vital signs every 2 hours - -correct ans- -a) Administer antihypertensive medication for
the elevated BP because HTN can cause a sudden rupture of the aneurysm due to pressure on
the arterial wall.
A nurse is assessing a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following
manifestations should the nurse expect?
, a) Midsternal chest pain
b) Thrill
c) Pitting edema in lower extremities
d) Lower back discomfort - -correct ans- -d) Lower back discomfort
Abdominal aortic aneurysm involves a widening, stretching or ballooning of the aorta. Back and
abdominal pain indicate that the aneurysm is extending downward and pressing on lumbar
spinal nerve roots, causing pain.
A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid volume overload from a cardiovascular disorder.
Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select All That Apply)
a) Jugular vein distension
b) Moist crackles
c) Postural hypotension
d) Increased heart rate
e) Fever - -correct ans- -a) Jugular vein distention : The increase in venous pressure due to
excessive circulating blood volume results in neck vein distention
b) Moist crackles : An indicator of pulmonary edema that can quickly lead to death
d) Increased heart rate : fluid volume excess, or hypervolemia, is an expansion of fluid volume in
the extracellular fluid compartment. This results in increased heart rate and bounding pulses
A nurse is assessing for cardiac tamponade on a client who had coronary artery bypass grafts.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
a) Check for hypertension
b) Auscultate for loud, bounding heart sounds
c) Auscultate blood pressure for pulsus paradoxus
d) Check for a pulse deficit - -correct ans- -c) Auscultate blood pressure for pulsus paradoxus
The client who has cardiac tamponade will have pulsus paradoxus when the systolic blood
pressure is at least 10 mm Hg higher on expiration that on inspiration. This occurs because of the
sudden decrease in cardiac output from the fluid compressing the atria and ventricles
