JMU ISCI 173 final (Harsh) || GRADED A+
hereditary correct answers the transmission of traits from one generation to the next
genetics correct answers the study of heredity
Gregor Mendel correct answers Father of genetics
(Premendel) inheritance blending correct answers traits of parents blended to form
intermediate traits (ex. black sheep+white sheep= gray sheep)
(premendel) inheritance of acquired traits correct answers traits used by parents are modified
through use and passed on to offspring
Mendel's experiment correct answers Gregor Mendel cross-pollinated plants that had
different traits, and found that they were heritable (garden peas)
character correct answers inherited feature that varies
trait correct answers variant of character
genes correct answers segments of DNA that code for specific proteins
particular inheritance correct answers traits are passed to offspring in discrete particles
alleles correct answers variation of a gene
genotype correct answers allelic makeup
phenotype correct answers physical trait
incomplete dominance correct answers a heterozygous phenotype is somewhere between the
two homozygous phenotypes
Codominance correct answers occurs when 2 alleles are equallt dominant and both appear in
the phenotype (ex. white cow+red cow= roan/spotted cow)
multiple allelism correct answers more than 2 different alleles for a gene (ex. coat color in
rabbits=controlled by 4 alleles: C gray, c albino, C^h pt. restricted, C^ch (chinchilla)
viruses (differences between bacteria) correct answers -very, very small
-structure: not a cell-genetic material (RNA and DNA) contained in a protein coat
-can not reproduce independently
-do not contain ribosomes or generate ATP
Bacteria (differences from viruses) correct answers -small, but bigger
-structure: single celled- DNA and other contents enclosed by cell membrane and wall
-reproduce independently/asexually
-contain ribosomes and generate ATP
-no mitonchondria=no cellular respiration
, Antiobiotic Resistance correct answers - Some bacteria populations contain a few individuals
with mutations which give resistance to drugs.
How bacteria resists antibiotics: Intrinsic resistance correct answers resistance naturally
coded and expressed by bacterial species to a particular antibiotic
How bacteria resists antibiotics: acquired resistance correct answers genetic change(s) that
leads to bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotic(s)
mutation correct answers resistant allele
evolution correct answers change in the genetic composition of a population from one
generation to the next (modification)
Evolution of evolutionary thinking: Plato correct answers typological thinking
Evolution of evolutionary thinking: Aristotle correct answers typological thinking and scale
of nature
Evolution of evolutionary thinking: Lamarck correct answers change through time and scale
of nature
Evolution of evolutionary thinking: Darwin and Wallace correct answers change through
time and common ancestry
Darwin's observations correct answers different species are often similar, with slight
variations in theme
Pattern correct answers observed evolutionary change
process correct answers mechanisms that produce observed patterns of change
natural selection correct answers process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are
more likely to survive and reproduce than those without the trait
adaptation correct answers inherited trait that enhances the fitness of an individual in a given
environment
biological fitness correct answers the relative reproduction of one variant compared to others
in the same population
Where does the variation that natural selection acts on come from? correct answers
combinations of alleles
sexual reproduction correct answers recombines existing DNA in a population into unique
combinations (most common, not in bacteria)
vertical gene transfer (bacteria) correct answers occurs during reproduction between
generations of cells
hereditary correct answers the transmission of traits from one generation to the next
genetics correct answers the study of heredity
Gregor Mendel correct answers Father of genetics
(Premendel) inheritance blending correct answers traits of parents blended to form
intermediate traits (ex. black sheep+white sheep= gray sheep)
(premendel) inheritance of acquired traits correct answers traits used by parents are modified
through use and passed on to offspring
Mendel's experiment correct answers Gregor Mendel cross-pollinated plants that had
different traits, and found that they were heritable (garden peas)
character correct answers inherited feature that varies
trait correct answers variant of character
genes correct answers segments of DNA that code for specific proteins
particular inheritance correct answers traits are passed to offspring in discrete particles
alleles correct answers variation of a gene
genotype correct answers allelic makeup
phenotype correct answers physical trait
incomplete dominance correct answers a heterozygous phenotype is somewhere between the
two homozygous phenotypes
Codominance correct answers occurs when 2 alleles are equallt dominant and both appear in
the phenotype (ex. white cow+red cow= roan/spotted cow)
multiple allelism correct answers more than 2 different alleles for a gene (ex. coat color in
rabbits=controlled by 4 alleles: C gray, c albino, C^h pt. restricted, C^ch (chinchilla)
viruses (differences between bacteria) correct answers -very, very small
-structure: not a cell-genetic material (RNA and DNA) contained in a protein coat
-can not reproduce independently
-do not contain ribosomes or generate ATP
Bacteria (differences from viruses) correct answers -small, but bigger
-structure: single celled- DNA and other contents enclosed by cell membrane and wall
-reproduce independently/asexually
-contain ribosomes and generate ATP
-no mitonchondria=no cellular respiration
, Antiobiotic Resistance correct answers - Some bacteria populations contain a few individuals
with mutations which give resistance to drugs.
How bacteria resists antibiotics: Intrinsic resistance correct answers resistance naturally
coded and expressed by bacterial species to a particular antibiotic
How bacteria resists antibiotics: acquired resistance correct answers genetic change(s) that
leads to bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotic(s)
mutation correct answers resistant allele
evolution correct answers change in the genetic composition of a population from one
generation to the next (modification)
Evolution of evolutionary thinking: Plato correct answers typological thinking
Evolution of evolutionary thinking: Aristotle correct answers typological thinking and scale
of nature
Evolution of evolutionary thinking: Lamarck correct answers change through time and scale
of nature
Evolution of evolutionary thinking: Darwin and Wallace correct answers change through
time and common ancestry
Darwin's observations correct answers different species are often similar, with slight
variations in theme
Pattern correct answers observed evolutionary change
process correct answers mechanisms that produce observed patterns of change
natural selection correct answers process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are
more likely to survive and reproduce than those without the trait
adaptation correct answers inherited trait that enhances the fitness of an individual in a given
environment
biological fitness correct answers the relative reproduction of one variant compared to others
in the same population
Where does the variation that natural selection acts on come from? correct answers
combinations of alleles
sexual reproduction correct answers recombines existing DNA in a population into unique
combinations (most common, not in bacteria)
vertical gene transfer (bacteria) correct answers occurs during reproduction between
generations of cells
