NURSING MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH INTEGUMENTARY DISORDERS.

NURSING MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS
WITH INTEGUMENTARY DISORDERS.
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING (BSN)
B.SC NURSING


Outlines

Anatomy and physiology

Assessment integumentary system

Dermatitis

Autoimmune disease.

Integumentary system

It is the external covering of the body or the skin. It waterproofs the body
and cushions and protects the deeper tissues from injury. It also excretes
salts and urea in perspiration and helps regulate body temperature.

SKIN
Skin is composed of mainly three types of layers.
1. Epidermis: it’s the outer layer.
2. Dermis: it’s the inner layer
3. Hypodermis (Subcutaneous tissues) its deep to the
dermis.

Epidermis: is made up of stratified squamous epithelium, its composed
up to five layers or strata (bed sheets)
From inside to out:
 Stratum basale; close to deral layer.
 Spinosum.
 Granulosum.
 Lucidum.
 Corneum.
Most cells of the epidermis are:

,  Keratinocytes: which produce keratine, the fibrous protein that
makes the epidermis a taught protective layer.
 Melanocytes: found chiefly in the stratum basale, are produce
melanin, a pigment that ranges in color from yellow to brown to
black.
The epidermis layer is a vascular; it has no blood supply of its own.

Dermis: it’s made up mostly of dense connective tissues, which consist
of two major regions:

 Papillary layer: it’s the upper dermal region, this region
contains pain receptor & touch receptors.
 Reticular region: it contains blood vessels, sweat& oil
glands,& deep pressure receptors.

Hypodermis
 hypodermis, or the subcutaneous tissue is the innermost layer of
the skin. It is primarily adipose tissue, which provides a cushion
between the skin layers, muscles, and bones.
 It promotes skin mobility, molds body contours, and insulates the
body.
 Fat is deposited and distributed according to the person's gender
and in part accounts for the difference in body shape between men
and women.
 Overeating results in increased deposition of fat beneath the skin.
The subcutaneous tissues and the amount of fat deposited are
important factors in body temperature regulation.




Dermis layer contains collagen fibers and elastic fibers.

 Collage fibers: are responsible for the toughness of the dermis.
 Elastic fibers give the skin its elasticity.

, Appendages of the skin. Each one of the following appendages arises
from the epidermis.
 Cutaneous glands.
 Hair and hair follicles. And
 Nails.
Cutaneous glands:
They are fall into 3 groups:
1. Sebaceous glands(oil glands): are found all over the skin, except
on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. They secret
sebum, which is a lubricant that keep the skin soft, moist and
prevent the hair from becoming brittle.
Sebum also contains chemicals that kill bacteria.
Secrete an oily substance called sebum, which moistens hair and
waterproofs the skin.
2. Swear glands (Sudoriferous glands)

 Eccrine sweat glands: are located mainly in the palm and the soles
and over the entire body surface.

 Apocrine sweat glands: are largely confined to the axillary and
genital areas of the body.

Function of Hair
Hair growth occurs because of mitosis in the hair bulb matrix.
1. Respond to cold and fear (Arrectorpili muscles).
2. Protect the body against sun’s rays and decrease heat loss on the
head.
3. Eyelashes, eyebrows, hair in the fossil and external ear canal
prevent the entrance of foreign bodies and filtrate the entering air.

Functions of Integumentary System

1. Protect the deeper tissues from

 Mechanical damage: bumps)
 Chemical damage: acid &base.
 Bacterial damage: through acidic secreation .