HESI PN Fundamental V2: Questions& Answers:
Updated Solution
The single most effective way to stop the spread of infection - ANSWERHand hygiene
Reducing the number of organisms in an environment (ex. Cleaning the tub with
disinfectant before giving a bath) - ANSWERMedical asepsis
Breaks the chain of infection at its various links of reservoir and the portal of exit
(removes all organisms - ANSWERSterilization
Standard Precautions are: - ANSWERThe principle of infection control that considers
every clients blood and body fluid infections
When should you wash your hands? - ANSWER1. before and after touching a
resident
2. after using the toilet
3. when arriving to work
4. before and after gloving
5. after touching contaminated items
6. after nose-blowing, sneezing or coughing
7. before and after eating
Why should you hold your hands lower than your forearms while handwashing? -
ANSWERWater flows from the least contaminated to the most contaminated
What breaks the chain of infection? - ANSWERhandwashing
What is a hospital acquired infections called? - ANSWERNosocomial infections
Where are the phases of infection? - ANSWERPathogen, reservoir, portal of exit,
means of transmission, portal of entry, new host
When is a patient most contagious? - ANSWERWithin the first 24 hours and 24 hours
after starting medication
Wear gown, gloves and educate the family when? - ANSWERCaring for a contagious
person (ex. C-diff)
Standard Precautions are: - ANSWERGroup of safety measures performed to prevent
the transmission of pathogens found in the blood and body fluids (ex. Performing
hand hygiene, wearing appropriate PPE if exposure is possible & using cough
etiquette)
isolation precautions are: - ANSWERPlacing an infectious patient in a private room
with a private toilet and equipment breaks the chain of infection the portal exit
, Droplet precautions - ANSWERUse when in close contact with respiratory or mucous
membrane secretions
Proper way to remove a gown? - ANSWERGrasp the neckline to remove
Always use what to clean areas that are used by multiple patients? - ANSWERA
disinfectant (ex. bathtub, bedside tables)
How often should a person cares be done? - ANSWERA minimum of every morning
and evening
Morning routine cares include? - ANSWERAssisting with bath, toileting, oral care,
hair care, dressing, bedding
HS (Night Cares) include? - ANSWERAssist to prepare for sleep, assist with toileting,
offer fluids if allowed, straighten room, dim lights, back massage, dressing & bedding
How often should oral cares and repositioning be done on an unresponsive patient? -
ANSWERevery 2 hours
When and why should back ribs be given? - ANSWERBack rubs should be done
during skin care to improve venous circulation and promote relaxation (also done
before bed & during a bed bath, remember dying pts also)
Ted stockings are also called what? - ANSWERThromboembolic (antiembolism)
stockings
What are TED stockings used for? - ANSWERPrevention of boycotts, and reduce
swelling and edema
How do you TED stockings work? - ANSWERThey work by providing venous
circulation to the heart
Difference between an open and close the bed? - ANSWEROpen bed has sheets
turned down and ready to be occupied
Clothes bed is fully dressed
A bed that has fan folded sheets to the far side of the bed is for? - ANSWERPost-
operative beds
What is the purpose of a footboard? - ANSWERA. Prevent foot drop
What can we do to reduce friction and shearing in our patients? - ANSWERPad and
protect bony prominences and other vulnerable areas
Updated Solution
The single most effective way to stop the spread of infection - ANSWERHand hygiene
Reducing the number of organisms in an environment (ex. Cleaning the tub with
disinfectant before giving a bath) - ANSWERMedical asepsis
Breaks the chain of infection at its various links of reservoir and the portal of exit
(removes all organisms - ANSWERSterilization
Standard Precautions are: - ANSWERThe principle of infection control that considers
every clients blood and body fluid infections
When should you wash your hands? - ANSWER1. before and after touching a
resident
2. after using the toilet
3. when arriving to work
4. before and after gloving
5. after touching contaminated items
6. after nose-blowing, sneezing or coughing
7. before and after eating
Why should you hold your hands lower than your forearms while handwashing? -
ANSWERWater flows from the least contaminated to the most contaminated
What breaks the chain of infection? - ANSWERhandwashing
What is a hospital acquired infections called? - ANSWERNosocomial infections
Where are the phases of infection? - ANSWERPathogen, reservoir, portal of exit,
means of transmission, portal of entry, new host
When is a patient most contagious? - ANSWERWithin the first 24 hours and 24 hours
after starting medication
Wear gown, gloves and educate the family when? - ANSWERCaring for a contagious
person (ex. C-diff)
Standard Precautions are: - ANSWERGroup of safety measures performed to prevent
the transmission of pathogens found in the blood and body fluids (ex. Performing
hand hygiene, wearing appropriate PPE if exposure is possible & using cough
etiquette)
isolation precautions are: - ANSWERPlacing an infectious patient in a private room
with a private toilet and equipment breaks the chain of infection the portal exit
, Droplet precautions - ANSWERUse when in close contact with respiratory or mucous
membrane secretions
Proper way to remove a gown? - ANSWERGrasp the neckline to remove
Always use what to clean areas that are used by multiple patients? - ANSWERA
disinfectant (ex. bathtub, bedside tables)
How often should a person cares be done? - ANSWERA minimum of every morning
and evening
Morning routine cares include? - ANSWERAssisting with bath, toileting, oral care,
hair care, dressing, bedding
HS (Night Cares) include? - ANSWERAssist to prepare for sleep, assist with toileting,
offer fluids if allowed, straighten room, dim lights, back massage, dressing & bedding
How often should oral cares and repositioning be done on an unresponsive patient? -
ANSWERevery 2 hours
When and why should back ribs be given? - ANSWERBack rubs should be done
during skin care to improve venous circulation and promote relaxation (also done
before bed & during a bed bath, remember dying pts also)
Ted stockings are also called what? - ANSWERThromboembolic (antiembolism)
stockings
What are TED stockings used for? - ANSWERPrevention of boycotts, and reduce
swelling and edema
How do you TED stockings work? - ANSWERThey work by providing venous
circulation to the heart
Difference between an open and close the bed? - ANSWEROpen bed has sheets
turned down and ready to be occupied
Clothes bed is fully dressed
A bed that has fan folded sheets to the far side of the bed is for? - ANSWERPost-
operative beds
What is the purpose of a footboard? - ANSWERA. Prevent foot drop
What can we do to reduce friction and shearing in our patients? - ANSWERPad and
protect bony prominences and other vulnerable areas
