Anatomy and Physiology
Lab 45: Principles of Heredity
Learning Objectives:
Define allele, heterozygous, homozygous, dominance, recessive ness, genotype, phenotype,
and incomplete dominace
Work simple genetics problems using a Punnet Square
State the basic laws of probability
Observe blood types as phenotypes and determine their genotype basis
Separate variants of hemoglobin using agarose gel electrophoresis
Introduction to the Language of Genetics
all human cells contain 46 chromosomes
1. diploid chromosomal number represents two complete sets of
genetic instructions one from mother and the other from the father
23 pair of homologous chromosome
ALLELES:different molecular versions of genes coding for the same traits
1. occur on the same location on homologous
chromosomes and it can be identical or different
HOMOZYGOUS: when both alleles are the same
HETEROZYGOUS: alleles are different
DOMINANT GENE: one allele exerts its effects
RECESSIVE GENE: less likely to be expressed
GENOTYPE: genetic identity
PHENOTYPE: expression of genetic
Dominant Recessive Inheritance
Punnet Square help record genotype and phenotype
Ex.
Alleles: T (determines tallness; dominant)
t (determine dwarfism; recessive)
Lab 45: Principles of Heredity
Learning Objectives:
Define allele, heterozygous, homozygous, dominance, recessive ness, genotype, phenotype,
and incomplete dominace
Work simple genetics problems using a Punnet Square
State the basic laws of probability
Observe blood types as phenotypes and determine their genotype basis
Separate variants of hemoglobin using agarose gel electrophoresis
Introduction to the Language of Genetics
all human cells contain 46 chromosomes
1. diploid chromosomal number represents two complete sets of
genetic instructions one from mother and the other from the father
23 pair of homologous chromosome
ALLELES:different molecular versions of genes coding for the same traits
1. occur on the same location on homologous
chromosomes and it can be identical or different
HOMOZYGOUS: when both alleles are the same
HETEROZYGOUS: alleles are different
DOMINANT GENE: one allele exerts its effects
RECESSIVE GENE: less likely to be expressed
GENOTYPE: genetic identity
PHENOTYPE: expression of genetic
Dominant Recessive Inheritance
Punnet Square help record genotype and phenotype
Ex.
Alleles: T (determines tallness; dominant)
t (determine dwarfism; recessive)
