FINAL MC EXAMINATION QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+

FINAL MC EXAMINATION QUESTIONS
WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+

C. lagoons do not receive appreciable freshwater input - Answer-The major difference
between an estuary and a lagoon is that _______.
A. lagoons are primarily tropical
B. estuaries are significantly more productive
C. lagoons do not receive appreciable freshwater input
D. estuaries have sills separating them from the ocean

B. abundant food - Answer-The biomass of the benthos in estuaries is typically large
due to _______.
A. warm temperatures
B. abundant food
C. strong currents
D. abundant rainfall
E. large amounts of oxygen

D. bar-built - Answer-If longshore currents form a spit across an embayment, it may
produce a ________ estuary.
A. erosional
B. tectonic
C. glacial
D. bar-built
E. rip current

B. tectonic - Answer-Estuaries that are formed when folding and faulting create basins
that fill with water are ________ estuaries.
A. erosional
B. tectonic
C. depositional
D. volcanic
E. bar-built

E. tidal mixing - Answer-The character of circulation in an estuary is determined by the
relative effects of river input and ________.
A. average annual rainfall
B. influx of groundwater
C. transpiration
D. respiration
E. tidal mixing

,A. highly stratified - Answer-If an estuary is a river-dominated system, its water column
is ________.
A. highly stratified
B. unstratified
C. weakly stratified

B. unstratified - Answer-If an estuary is a tide-dominated system, its water column is
________.
A. highly stratified
B. unstratified
C. weakly stratified

D. river transport from inland sources - Answer-The majority of sediment going into salt-
wedge estuaries comes from _______.
A. longshorecurrent
B. tidalcurrents
C. rip currents
D. river transport from inland sources
E. upwelling

B. spits - Answer-A series of submerged, irregularly-shaped sand bars that are
navigational hazards in salt-wedge estuaries are called _______.
A. tombolos
B. spits
C. shoals
D. stacks
E. inselbergs

C. the inner continental shelf - Answer-Because of the strong bottom flow from offshore,
a partially mixed estuary receives a substantial amount of sand and mud from _______.
A. land runoff
B. river flow
C. the inner continental shelf
D. the continental slope

D. filter-feeders - Answer-Many of the mud particles that are concentrated near the
halocline in partially mixed estuaries are ingested by _______.
A. carnivorous fish larvae
B. herbivores
C. plants
D. filter-feeders
E. planktonic herbivores

C. well-mixed - Answer-The halocline is obliterated in _________ estuaries.
A. salt-wedge

, B. partially mixed
C. well-mixed

D. offshore - Answer-The strong currents associated with a well-mixed estuary import
large amounts of fine- and coarse-grained sediment from _______.
A. rivers
B. streams
C. land
D. offshore

D. hypoxia - Answer-During the summer the bottom water of Chesapeake Bay has very
low levels of dissolved oxygen. This condition is termed _______.
A. hypothermia
B. supersaturation
C. anoxia
D. hypoxia
E. oxidation

C. anoxia - Answer-If water contains no dissolved oxygen, the condition is referred to as
_______.
A. hypothermia
B. supersalination
C. anoxia
D. hypoxia
E. oxidation

D. lack of mixing with oxygenated surface waters - Answer-Low oxygen levels in the
bottom waters of Chesapeake Bay are the result of _______. A. advection of low
oxygen water from outside the bay
B. bacterial breakdown of plant material
C. bacterial breakdown of dead fish and shellfish
D. lack of mixing with oxygenated surface waters

E. mud - Answer-Marsh grasses are typically rooted in _______.
A. sand
B. gravel
C. shellmaterials
D. directly onto the bedrock
E. mud

A. low tide mark and dry land - Answer-Salt marshes are subdivided into two principal
zones based on _______.
A. low tide mark and dry land
B. zonation pattern of grasses
C. animal life in the marsh
D. runoff from the land