Exam 3: NUR 2214 Exam 3: Questions & Answers
A red blood cell has just dropped through the semilumenal valve on the left side of the heart. Starting
from that point (where it is after passing through the valve), what is the pathway the cell will take to
make it all the way through the heart and back to where it is now - ANSWER:Right Atria, Right Ventricle,
Pulmonary Circulation, Left Atria, Left Ventricle, Systemic Circulation
For the question above, under normal conditions is carbon dioxide high or low at your starting point -
ANSWER:High
An animal's limb is broken and immobilized and muscle mass decreases. The muscle has gone through
_____ which is due to a decrease in ____ - ANSWER:Atrophy, muscle fibers
The aorta is at systolic pressure, which chambers of the heart are diastole? - ANSWER:Right Atria and
Left Atria
An animal with normal breathing is said to have _____ breathing, while an animal that is not breathing
at all (for short periods of time) is said to have _____ - ANSWER:Eupnea, Apnea
Name four non-respiratory functions of the respiratory system - ANSWER:1. Warms and humidifies the
air coming in
2. Cooling mechanism for the brain to prevent overheating
3. Vocal chords
4. Respiratory clearance of foreign materials
Dyspnea is rapid breathing associated with excitement - ANSWER:False; Dyspnea is Difficult breathing
where visible effort is needed to breathe. *Trachypnea* is rapid breathing associated with excitement
Fixed microphages are found in all parts of the circulatory system - ANSWER:False
Correct Answer: Fixed macrophages are only found in the *lymph nodes and in the spleen* and in a few
other organs but, *not ALL parts of circulatory system*
The afferent ducts return lymph fluids to the circulatory system by connecting to the circulatory veins -
ANSWER:False; Once the lymph fluid has been processed through the lymph node, it moves out of the
gland through the efferent vessels into larger lymphatic vessels traveling to the thoracic cavity where the
lymph fluid is returned to the blood stream through two ducts into the veins. There's no such thing as an
afferent duct. But there are afferent lymph vessels which drain lymph fluid into the lymph nodes to be
filtered
, Blood pressure in the systemic circulatory system is determined by the force of the contraction of the left
ventricle - ANSWER:True
Movement of oxygen into the circulation is independent of the movement of carbon dioxide moving into
the alveoli from the blood - ANSWER:True
In general, smaller animals have faster heart rates due to their size and BMR - ANSWER:True
Look back at question 1, T or F, blood in the pulmonary vein is carrying more oxygen in comparison to
the cell at your starting point - ANSWER:True
If a meat inspector suspects an animal had an infection, he will look at the spleen during the slaughter
process - ANSWER:False; He will look at the *lymph nodes* to see if they are swollen to indicate an
infection
The spleen is a lymphoid organ because it contains fixed macrophages which clean lymph fluid before
putting it back in the circulatory system - ANSWER:False; The spleen is a lymphoid organ because it plays
a role in the immune system and the circulatory system by filtering the blood and creates new white
blood cells (which can be macrophages) but the spleen does not clean lymph fluid. The lymph nodes
contain fixed macrophages that filter lymph fluid. Other "Lymphoid" (-oid meaning acting like) organs
include: thymus, tonsils, and adenoids, DOES NOT INCLUDE KIDNEY
The ECG is used to directly measure heart valve opening and closing - ANSWER:False; The ECG is used to
record the *electrical activity of the heart*
The concentration of oxygen in the blood is independent of the concentration of carbon dioxide -
ANSWER:True
The Lub-Dub sound of the heartbeat is made when the valves close. This occurs when the chamber
above them has relaxed to refill with blood - ANSWER:True
All of the following have capillary beds associated with the circulatory system except: Hepatic Portal
vessel, Pulmonary capillary, Circulatory capillary, lymph capillary, none of the above - ANSWER:None of
the above; they all have capillary beds
Which of the following is indicated by the QRS wave of the ECG - ANSWER:Depolarization of the ventricle
Diastolic pressure of the aorta occurs at full contraction of the: - ANSWER:Atria
Which muscle type has striations due to their sarcomeres - ANSWER:Skeletal
The major function of the portal vessel capillaries in the liver and kidney is - ANSWER:Waste exchange
Which muscle type undergoes no significant hyperplasia in the adult animal - ANSWER:Cardiac
The first circulatory branches off the aorta go to the: - ANSWER:Heart
Which muscle type is found only in one organ of the body - ANSWER:Cardiac
The term for lack of breathing is - ANSWER:Apnea
A red blood cell has just dropped through the semilumenal valve on the left side of the heart. Starting
from that point (where it is after passing through the valve), what is the pathway the cell will take to
make it all the way through the heart and back to where it is now - ANSWER:Right Atria, Right Ventricle,
Pulmonary Circulation, Left Atria, Left Ventricle, Systemic Circulation
For the question above, under normal conditions is carbon dioxide high or low at your starting point -
ANSWER:High
An animal's limb is broken and immobilized and muscle mass decreases. The muscle has gone through
_____ which is due to a decrease in ____ - ANSWER:Atrophy, muscle fibers
The aorta is at systolic pressure, which chambers of the heart are diastole? - ANSWER:Right Atria and
Left Atria
An animal with normal breathing is said to have _____ breathing, while an animal that is not breathing
at all (for short periods of time) is said to have _____ - ANSWER:Eupnea, Apnea
Name four non-respiratory functions of the respiratory system - ANSWER:1. Warms and humidifies the
air coming in
2. Cooling mechanism for the brain to prevent overheating
3. Vocal chords
4. Respiratory clearance of foreign materials
Dyspnea is rapid breathing associated with excitement - ANSWER:False; Dyspnea is Difficult breathing
where visible effort is needed to breathe. *Trachypnea* is rapid breathing associated with excitement
Fixed microphages are found in all parts of the circulatory system - ANSWER:False
Correct Answer: Fixed macrophages are only found in the *lymph nodes and in the spleen* and in a few
other organs but, *not ALL parts of circulatory system*
The afferent ducts return lymph fluids to the circulatory system by connecting to the circulatory veins -
ANSWER:False; Once the lymph fluid has been processed through the lymph node, it moves out of the
gland through the efferent vessels into larger lymphatic vessels traveling to the thoracic cavity where the
lymph fluid is returned to the blood stream through two ducts into the veins. There's no such thing as an
afferent duct. But there are afferent lymph vessels which drain lymph fluid into the lymph nodes to be
filtered
, Blood pressure in the systemic circulatory system is determined by the force of the contraction of the left
ventricle - ANSWER:True
Movement of oxygen into the circulation is independent of the movement of carbon dioxide moving into
the alveoli from the blood - ANSWER:True
In general, smaller animals have faster heart rates due to their size and BMR - ANSWER:True
Look back at question 1, T or F, blood in the pulmonary vein is carrying more oxygen in comparison to
the cell at your starting point - ANSWER:True
If a meat inspector suspects an animal had an infection, he will look at the spleen during the slaughter
process - ANSWER:False; He will look at the *lymph nodes* to see if they are swollen to indicate an
infection
The spleen is a lymphoid organ because it contains fixed macrophages which clean lymph fluid before
putting it back in the circulatory system - ANSWER:False; The spleen is a lymphoid organ because it plays
a role in the immune system and the circulatory system by filtering the blood and creates new white
blood cells (which can be macrophages) but the spleen does not clean lymph fluid. The lymph nodes
contain fixed macrophages that filter lymph fluid. Other "Lymphoid" (-oid meaning acting like) organs
include: thymus, tonsils, and adenoids, DOES NOT INCLUDE KIDNEY
The ECG is used to directly measure heart valve opening and closing - ANSWER:False; The ECG is used to
record the *electrical activity of the heart*
The concentration of oxygen in the blood is independent of the concentration of carbon dioxide -
ANSWER:True
The Lub-Dub sound of the heartbeat is made when the valves close. This occurs when the chamber
above them has relaxed to refill with blood - ANSWER:True
All of the following have capillary beds associated with the circulatory system except: Hepatic Portal
vessel, Pulmonary capillary, Circulatory capillary, lymph capillary, none of the above - ANSWER:None of
the above; they all have capillary beds
Which of the following is indicated by the QRS wave of the ECG - ANSWER:Depolarization of the ventricle
Diastolic pressure of the aorta occurs at full contraction of the: - ANSWER:Atria
Which muscle type has striations due to their sarcomeres - ANSWER:Skeletal
The major function of the portal vessel capillaries in the liver and kidney is - ANSWER:Waste exchange
Which muscle type undergoes no significant hyperplasia in the adult animal - ANSWER:Cardiac
The first circulatory branches off the aorta go to the: - ANSWER:Heart
Which muscle type is found only in one organ of the body - ANSWER:Cardiac
The term for lack of breathing is - ANSWER:Apnea
