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BIO AC U5 Test (For Final)
Questions and Correct Answers the
Latest Update 2025-2026
(T1) What is a gene?
✓ A segment of DNA that produces a protein thus determining a trait
(T1) What is a chromosome?
✓ A condensed or compact "rod" of DNA that carries genetic information
(T1) What is DNA?
✓ helical molecule that carries the genetic information of an organism and is passed
from parent to offspring.
(T1) What is a genome?
✓ All the DNA in one cell of an organism
(T1) What is a nucleus?
✓ The control center of the cell; contains the genetic material
(T1) What is a nucleotide?
✓ A small subunit that makes up DNA; building blocks for nucleic acids
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(T1) List nucleotide, nucleus, genome, chromosome, gene, and DNA from
smallest to largest.
✓ nucleotide, gene, DNA, chromosome, nucleus, genome
(T1) DNA is the _________________ for most organisms
✓ genetic material
(T1) DNA is found in _________________________
✓ all cells of humans except red blood cells
(T1) DNA is a _______ template that can be _________ accurately
✓ physical, copied
(T1) Humans have _______ pairs of chromosomes
✓ 23
(T1) Each chromosome is a ______________
✓ long strand of DNA
(T1) DNA's structure consists of ___________________
✓ two strands of connected nucleotides
(T1) DNA stands for
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✓ deoxyribonucleic acid
(T1) To compress into chromosomes, DNA wraps around what?
✓ proteins called histones
(T1) DNA is a
✓ nucleic acid
(T1) Humans have ______ chromosomes
✓ 46
(T1) Humans have about ______ genes
✓ 25,000
(T1) How many proteins come from your mother? Father?
✓ 23, 23
(T1) Just by looking at someone's chromosomes, you can tell their gender by
looking at their _______ chromosome
✓ 23rd
(T1) Just by looking at someone's chromosomes, you tell if they are a boy if
their 23rd pair is __________
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✓ XY
(T1) Just by looking at someone's chromosomes, you tell if they are a girl if their
23rd pair is __________
✓ XX
A girl's 23rd pair of chromosomes is XX. This is known as the _________________
sex
✓ homogametic
A boy's 23rd pair of chromosomes is XY. This is known as the _________________
sex
✓ heterogametic
(T2) DNA's presence has been known since ___________, but its function hasn't
always been clear.
✓ 1874
(T2) Who did the pneumonia-mouse experiment?
✓ Frederick Griffith
(T2) What year did Griffith do his experiment?
✓ 1928
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