ASCP Urinalysis/Body Fluids ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is he major functional unit of the kidney? - CORRECT ANSWER- nephron
Approximately how many nephrons are there per kidney? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1 million
The nephron is composed of? - CORRECT ANSWER- glomerulus, renal tubules
What is a glomerulus composed of? - CORRECT ANSWER- capillary vessels
What is the function of a glomerulus? - CORRECT ANSWER- non-selective filter of plasma
substances less than 70k MW
What substances comprise the glomerular fjiltrate? - CORRECT ANSWER- water, glucose,
electrolytes, amino acids, urea, uric acid, creatinine, ammonia
What is the function of the proximal tubule? - CORRECT ANSWER- reabsorbs water,
NaCl, HCO3, K, Ca, amino acids, PO4, protein, glucose
Glucose is a threshold substance that reabsorbs within the proximal tubule at? - CORRECT
ANSWER- 160 - 189 mg/dl or less
What does the descending loop of henle reabsorb? - CORRECT ANSWER- water
What doesn't the descending loop of henle reabsorb? - CORRECT ANSWER- solutes
What does the ascending loop of henle reabsorb? - CORRECT ANSWER- solutes (Na, Cl,
Ca, Mg)
, What doesn't the ascending loop of henle reabsorb? - CORRECT ANSWER- water
What do the distal and collecting tubules reabsorb? - CORRECT ANSWER- Na
What do the distal and collecting tubules secrete? - CORRECT ANSWER- K, NH4, H+
Potassium ions are exchanged for what in the distal and collecting tubules? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Na ions
What is the rate of filtration of the glomerulus? - CORRECT ANSWER- 120 ml/min or 1/5
of renal plasma
What is the normal amount of urine excreted per day? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1200 - 1500
ml/day
Polyuria is defined as? - CORRECT ANSWER- greater than 2500 ml of urine excreted per
day (excess urine excretion)
What conditions can cause polyuria? - CORRECT ANSWER- diabetes insipidus, diabetes
mellitus, diuretics, caffeine, alcohol
Oliguria is defined as? - CORRECT ANSWER- less than 500 ml of urine excreted per day
(decreased urine excretion)
What conditions can cause oliguria? - CORRECT ANSWER- dehydration, vomiting,
diarrhea, burns, perspiration
Anuria is defined as? - CORRECT ANSWER- complete cessation of urination
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is he major functional unit of the kidney? - CORRECT ANSWER- nephron
Approximately how many nephrons are there per kidney? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1 million
The nephron is composed of? - CORRECT ANSWER- glomerulus, renal tubules
What is a glomerulus composed of? - CORRECT ANSWER- capillary vessels
What is the function of a glomerulus? - CORRECT ANSWER- non-selective filter of plasma
substances less than 70k MW
What substances comprise the glomerular fjiltrate? - CORRECT ANSWER- water, glucose,
electrolytes, amino acids, urea, uric acid, creatinine, ammonia
What is the function of the proximal tubule? - CORRECT ANSWER- reabsorbs water,
NaCl, HCO3, K, Ca, amino acids, PO4, protein, glucose
Glucose is a threshold substance that reabsorbs within the proximal tubule at? - CORRECT
ANSWER- 160 - 189 mg/dl or less
What does the descending loop of henle reabsorb? - CORRECT ANSWER- water
What doesn't the descending loop of henle reabsorb? - CORRECT ANSWER- solutes
What does the ascending loop of henle reabsorb? - CORRECT ANSWER- solutes (Na, Cl,
Ca, Mg)
, What doesn't the ascending loop of henle reabsorb? - CORRECT ANSWER- water
What do the distal and collecting tubules reabsorb? - CORRECT ANSWER- Na
What do the distal and collecting tubules secrete? - CORRECT ANSWER- K, NH4, H+
Potassium ions are exchanged for what in the distal and collecting tubules? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Na ions
What is the rate of filtration of the glomerulus? - CORRECT ANSWER- 120 ml/min or 1/5
of renal plasma
What is the normal amount of urine excreted per day? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1200 - 1500
ml/day
Polyuria is defined as? - CORRECT ANSWER- greater than 2500 ml of urine excreted per
day (excess urine excretion)
What conditions can cause polyuria? - CORRECT ANSWER- diabetes insipidus, diabetes
mellitus, diuretics, caffeine, alcohol
Oliguria is defined as? - CORRECT ANSWER- less than 500 ml of urine excreted per day
(decreased urine excretion)
What conditions can cause oliguria? - CORRECT ANSWER- dehydration, vomiting,
diarrhea, burns, perspiration
Anuria is defined as? - CORRECT ANSWER- complete cessation of urination
