Pathophysiology (WCU w/ Song) ch 14 Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Pathophysiology (WCU w/ Song) ch 14 Questions and Answers 100% Pass Hemostasis - ANSWER-Prevention of blood loss after blood vessel is damaged. This process is accomplished by a complex interaction with the vessel wall, circulating platelets, and plasma coagulation proteins. (3 steps) Primary hemostasis - ANSWER-The initial response to vascular injury involving the interaction between platelets and endothelium of injured vessel. Describe the process of primary hemostasis - ANSWER-The injured vessels vasoconstricts and prevent blood loss. The platelet plug forms when platelets adhere to endothelial collagen and clump together at the site of injury. Secondary hemostasis - ANSWER-Involves the formation of a fibrin cloth through intrinsic and extrinsic pathways; coagulation. Describe the process of secondary hemostasis - ANSWER-Clotting factors are activated via the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways that catalyze Copyright ©EMILLECT 2024. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Page 2/9 the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin. A fibrin clot or coagulation forms at the site of injury to maintain hemostasis. Clot retraction stage - ANSWER-The final stage of clot formation. Components of a fibrin clot (platelet plug, fibrin strands, and trapped RBC) are compressed to form a firm clot. Where are coagulation factors synthesized? - ANSWER-liver Coagulation factors - ANSWER--Factors requiring vitamin K: 2, 7, 9, 10 -extrinsic pathway factors :3, 7 -intrinsic pathway factors: 8, 9, 11, 12 -common pathway factors: 1, 2, 5, 10, 13 Intrinsic pathway of coagulation - ANSWER-Blood comes in contact with altered vascular endothelium. Factor XII initiate the pathway. Extrinsic pathway of coagulation - ANSWER-Happens when vascular wall is is injured.Factor III activates this a pathway. Common final pathway of coagulation - ANSWER-Initiated by factor X, factor X is also found in intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Copyright ©EMILLECT 2024. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Page 3/9 Vitamin C and antithrombin III (ATIII) - ANSWER-Promote anticoagulation Fibrinolysis - ANSWER-Dissolution of a clot, occurs as the fibrin clot is forming. Process of fibrinolysis - ANSWER-Factor XII, HMWK, Kallikrein, and thrombin release plasminogen activators to cleave plasminogen (inactive). Plasminogen forms plasmin (active). Plasmin will digest fibrinogen and fibrin and inactivates coagulation factor V and VII. Laboratory test for evaluation of primary and secondary hemostasis - ANSWER--CBC to check for platelet numbers -Peripheral smear indicates the number an