NBCOT/COTA - Exam Prep Questions &
Correct Answers
In infant development, which comes first: bilaterality or unilaterality? - ANSWER
precedes unilaterality in infant development
When does hand dominance begin to develop? - ANSWER Hand dominance begins to
develop at 3 to 6 years, and is not fully defined until 6 years
Can someone with receptive aphasia participate in sensory testing? - ANSWER
Individuals with this disorder cannot comprehend spoken or written words or symbols.
Individuals cannot understand verbal directions or respond to sensory stimuli.
What is agnosia? - ANSWER Agnosia is a category of defecits where the patient lacks
recognition of familiar object as perceived by the senses. This could involve all the
senses and manifests with problems in body scheme, such as somatognosia and
anosognosia.
What is somatognosia? - ANSWER Lack of awareness of one's body parts.
What is anosognosia? - ANSWER Anosognosia: Transient, severe form of neglect.
Patient does not recognize the presence or severity of his paralysis.
What is prosopagnosia? - ANSWER Face blindness. Inability to identify an individual by
their face.
What is visual-spacial agnosia? - ANSWER Affects perception of spatial relationship
between objects, or between objects and self.
What is auditory agnosia? - ANSWER Inability to recognize sounds, words and non-
words.
What is visual agnosia? - ANSWER Lack of ability to recognize common objects and
demonstrate their use in an activity.
What is apraxia? - ANSWER Loss of the ability to execute or carry out learned (familiar)
movements, despite having the desire and the physical ability to perform the
movements
What is ideomotor apraxia? - ANSWER Inability to imitate gestures or perform a
purposeful motor task on command, even though the patient is able to fully understand
the idea or concept of a task. This is often associated with left hemisphere damage.
,What is ideational apraxia? - ANSWER The disability of carrying out complex sequential
motor acts. Caused by a disruption of the conception, rather than execution. (Loss of
tool function knowledge)
What is constructional apraxia? - ANSWER Unable to produce designs in 2 or three
dimensions by copying, drawing, or constructing.
What is oral apraxia? - ANSWER Difficulty in forming and organizing intelligable words,
though the musculature required to do so is in tact. Differs from disarthria because no
muscles are affected and speech is not slurred.
What is a neuroma? - ANSWER A ______ is an unorganized mass of nerve fibers
resulting from a laceration (either surgical or accidental) or amputation in which the
nerve regrows in unorganized bundles. Results in sharp, radiating pain.
By what age does an infant sit erect and unsupported for several minutes? - ANSWER
By 8 to 9 months, an infant can sit erect and unsupported.
What is reflex sympathetic dystrophy? - ANSWER __________ is caused by trauma,
post-surgical inflammation, infection, or laceration to an extremity. Characterized by
pain, edema, shiny skin, blotchy skin, and excessive sweating or dryness.
What is another name for reflex sympathetic dystrophy? - ANSWER Complex regional
pain syndrome.
What is a symmetric tonic neck reflex? - ANSWER When an infant's neck is extended,
the elbows extend and the hips flex. When the head is lowered, the elbows flex and the
hips extend.
What is a bunny hop pattern? - ANSWER A bunny hop pattern is a result of symmetric
tonic neck reflex utilization in order to elicit movement at the hips and elbows for
mobility.
What is a neuroma? - ANSWER A complication of nerve structure or amputation. A
traumatic ______ is an unorganized mass of nerve fibers resulting from accidental or
surgical cutting of the nerve. Results in sharp, radiating pain.
What sensory region does the radial nerve innervate on the hand? - ANSWER Radial
Nerve
What sensory region does the ulnar nerve innervate in the hand? - ANSWER Ulnar
Nerve
What sensory region in the hand is innervated by the median nerve? - ANSWER
Median Nerve
,What stage is initiated by looking at and reaching for food? - ANSWER The oral
preparatory phase.
What behavior would a child with poor modulation of tactile input display? - ANSWER
Children with autism often are unpredictable, both craving and avoiding sensory stimuli
at various times.
After swallowing a pureed substance, you notice the individual has a wet, gurgling
voice. What might this indicate? - ANSWER Possible aspiration. A videoflouroscopy is
often times needed to determine is this is the case.
In an acute care psychiatric setting, which group treatment is the most appropriate for
individuals with disorganized psychosis? - ANSWER Directive group treatment: a highly
structured approach used in acute care for minimally functional individuals.
What type of group structure would be most appropriate for individuals with substance
abuse? - ANSWER A task group is appropriate for substance abuse disorders.
What group format is most appropriate for eating and adjustment disorders? - ANSWER
Psychoeducation groups
What is a Laissez-Faire leadership style? - ANSWER Laissez-Faire is a "hands off"
approach. Goals are not stated, the purpose is not clear, members are not discouraged
or encouraged. This is for a high-functioning group.
What is the optimum number of members for a therapy group? - ANSWER Five to six.
What is the optimum number of members for a counseling group? - ANSWER No more
than eight members.
What would you do if you had ten people assigned to your group? - ANSWER Divide
them into two subgroups.
What is autocratic leadership? - ANSWER The leader exerts complete control.
What is democratic leadership? - ANSWER This style can be a problem-solving style.
Group members feel safe to express views, thoughts, and feelings.
According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as beneficence? - ANSWER
Concern for the safety and well-being of the recipients of OT services.
According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as nonmaleficence? - ANSWER
Ensure recipient's safety and do no harm.
According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as autonomy? - ANSWER Respect
patient rights, including confidentiality.
, According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as procedural justice? - ANSWER
Comply with laws
According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as veracity? - ANSWER Providing
accurate information when representing the profession (don't lie)
According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as duty? - ANSWER Maintain
credentials and continually learn craft
According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as fidelity? - ANSWER Treat
colleagues and other professionals with respect, fairness, and integrity.
What are the normal ROM limits of cervical flexion, extension, and lateral flexion? -
ANSWER 0-45 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of cervical rotation? - ANSWER 0-60 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of thoracic and lumbar spine flexion? - ANSWER 0-80
degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of thoracic and lumbar spine extension? - ANSWER 0-
30 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of lateral flexion of the spine? - ANSWER 0-40 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of rotation of the spine? - ANSWER 0-45 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder flexion? - ANSWER 0-170 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder extension? - ANSWER 0-60 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder abduction? - ANSWER 0-170 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder adduction? - ANSWER 0 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of horizontal adduction? - ANSWER 0-130 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of horizontal abduction? - ANSWER 0-40 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder internal rotation? - ANSWER 0-70 degrees
in shd abduction
0-60 degrees in shd adduction
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder external rotation? - ANSWER 0-90 degrees
in shd abduction
Correct Answers
In infant development, which comes first: bilaterality or unilaterality? - ANSWER
precedes unilaterality in infant development
When does hand dominance begin to develop? - ANSWER Hand dominance begins to
develop at 3 to 6 years, and is not fully defined until 6 years
Can someone with receptive aphasia participate in sensory testing? - ANSWER
Individuals with this disorder cannot comprehend spoken or written words or symbols.
Individuals cannot understand verbal directions or respond to sensory stimuli.
What is agnosia? - ANSWER Agnosia is a category of defecits where the patient lacks
recognition of familiar object as perceived by the senses. This could involve all the
senses and manifests with problems in body scheme, such as somatognosia and
anosognosia.
What is somatognosia? - ANSWER Lack of awareness of one's body parts.
What is anosognosia? - ANSWER Anosognosia: Transient, severe form of neglect.
Patient does not recognize the presence or severity of his paralysis.
What is prosopagnosia? - ANSWER Face blindness. Inability to identify an individual by
their face.
What is visual-spacial agnosia? - ANSWER Affects perception of spatial relationship
between objects, or between objects and self.
What is auditory agnosia? - ANSWER Inability to recognize sounds, words and non-
words.
What is visual agnosia? - ANSWER Lack of ability to recognize common objects and
demonstrate their use in an activity.
What is apraxia? - ANSWER Loss of the ability to execute or carry out learned (familiar)
movements, despite having the desire and the physical ability to perform the
movements
What is ideomotor apraxia? - ANSWER Inability to imitate gestures or perform a
purposeful motor task on command, even though the patient is able to fully understand
the idea or concept of a task. This is often associated with left hemisphere damage.
,What is ideational apraxia? - ANSWER The disability of carrying out complex sequential
motor acts. Caused by a disruption of the conception, rather than execution. (Loss of
tool function knowledge)
What is constructional apraxia? - ANSWER Unable to produce designs in 2 or three
dimensions by copying, drawing, or constructing.
What is oral apraxia? - ANSWER Difficulty in forming and organizing intelligable words,
though the musculature required to do so is in tact. Differs from disarthria because no
muscles are affected and speech is not slurred.
What is a neuroma? - ANSWER A ______ is an unorganized mass of nerve fibers
resulting from a laceration (either surgical or accidental) or amputation in which the
nerve regrows in unorganized bundles. Results in sharp, radiating pain.
By what age does an infant sit erect and unsupported for several minutes? - ANSWER
By 8 to 9 months, an infant can sit erect and unsupported.
What is reflex sympathetic dystrophy? - ANSWER __________ is caused by trauma,
post-surgical inflammation, infection, or laceration to an extremity. Characterized by
pain, edema, shiny skin, blotchy skin, and excessive sweating or dryness.
What is another name for reflex sympathetic dystrophy? - ANSWER Complex regional
pain syndrome.
What is a symmetric tonic neck reflex? - ANSWER When an infant's neck is extended,
the elbows extend and the hips flex. When the head is lowered, the elbows flex and the
hips extend.
What is a bunny hop pattern? - ANSWER A bunny hop pattern is a result of symmetric
tonic neck reflex utilization in order to elicit movement at the hips and elbows for
mobility.
What is a neuroma? - ANSWER A complication of nerve structure or amputation. A
traumatic ______ is an unorganized mass of nerve fibers resulting from accidental or
surgical cutting of the nerve. Results in sharp, radiating pain.
What sensory region does the radial nerve innervate on the hand? - ANSWER Radial
Nerve
What sensory region does the ulnar nerve innervate in the hand? - ANSWER Ulnar
Nerve
What sensory region in the hand is innervated by the median nerve? - ANSWER
Median Nerve
,What stage is initiated by looking at and reaching for food? - ANSWER The oral
preparatory phase.
What behavior would a child with poor modulation of tactile input display? - ANSWER
Children with autism often are unpredictable, both craving and avoiding sensory stimuli
at various times.
After swallowing a pureed substance, you notice the individual has a wet, gurgling
voice. What might this indicate? - ANSWER Possible aspiration. A videoflouroscopy is
often times needed to determine is this is the case.
In an acute care psychiatric setting, which group treatment is the most appropriate for
individuals with disorganized psychosis? - ANSWER Directive group treatment: a highly
structured approach used in acute care for minimally functional individuals.
What type of group structure would be most appropriate for individuals with substance
abuse? - ANSWER A task group is appropriate for substance abuse disorders.
What group format is most appropriate for eating and adjustment disorders? - ANSWER
Psychoeducation groups
What is a Laissez-Faire leadership style? - ANSWER Laissez-Faire is a "hands off"
approach. Goals are not stated, the purpose is not clear, members are not discouraged
or encouraged. This is for a high-functioning group.
What is the optimum number of members for a therapy group? - ANSWER Five to six.
What is the optimum number of members for a counseling group? - ANSWER No more
than eight members.
What would you do if you had ten people assigned to your group? - ANSWER Divide
them into two subgroups.
What is autocratic leadership? - ANSWER The leader exerts complete control.
What is democratic leadership? - ANSWER This style can be a problem-solving style.
Group members feel safe to express views, thoughts, and feelings.
According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as beneficence? - ANSWER
Concern for the safety and well-being of the recipients of OT services.
According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as nonmaleficence? - ANSWER
Ensure recipient's safety and do no harm.
According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as autonomy? - ANSWER Respect
patient rights, including confidentiality.
, According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as procedural justice? - ANSWER
Comply with laws
According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as veracity? - ANSWER Providing
accurate information when representing the profession (don't lie)
According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as duty? - ANSWER Maintain
credentials and continually learn craft
According to the OT code of ethics, what is defined as fidelity? - ANSWER Treat
colleagues and other professionals with respect, fairness, and integrity.
What are the normal ROM limits of cervical flexion, extension, and lateral flexion? -
ANSWER 0-45 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of cervical rotation? - ANSWER 0-60 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of thoracic and lumbar spine flexion? - ANSWER 0-80
degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of thoracic and lumbar spine extension? - ANSWER 0-
30 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of lateral flexion of the spine? - ANSWER 0-40 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of rotation of the spine? - ANSWER 0-45 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder flexion? - ANSWER 0-170 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder extension? - ANSWER 0-60 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder abduction? - ANSWER 0-170 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder adduction? - ANSWER 0 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of horizontal adduction? - ANSWER 0-130 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of horizontal abduction? - ANSWER 0-40 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder internal rotation? - ANSWER 0-70 degrees
in shd abduction
0-60 degrees in shd adduction
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder external rotation? - ANSWER 0-90 degrees
in shd abduction
