BTECH - Reinforced Concrete

0.01 TO 0.08 TIMES THE GROSS CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMN - answer-The range to which the effective cross-sectional area of vertical reinforcement is limited in relation to the gross cross-sectional area of the column. 1.5 TIMES COARSE AGGREGATE SIZE - answer-The minimum clear spacing between spirals of lateral reinforcement in spiral reinforced concrete column expressed in multiples of the coarse aggregate size. 1/6 OF THE CORE DIAMETER - answer-The maximum center-to-center spacing, expressed as a multiple of the core diameter, between spirals of lateral reinforcement in spiral reinforced concrete column. 203 MILLIMETERS or 8 INCHES - answer-The minimum thickness of the section for rectangular reinforced concrete columns that constitute the principal supports for a floor or roof. 254 MILLIMETERS or 10 INCHES - answer-The minimum diameter of the section for circular reinforced concrete columns that constitute the principal supports for a floor or roof. 30 DEGREES OR MORE - answer-The angle to which a bent bar is bent from the longitudinal axis of a reinforced concrete beam. This angle is perpendicular to and intersects the cracking that could occur from diagonal tension. 35 MILLIMETERS or 1 3/8 INCHES - answer-The minimum clear spacing between spirals of lateral reinforcement in spiral reinforced concrete column expressed in millimeters or inches. 48 TIE DIAMETERS, 16 BAR DIAMETERS, OR LEAST DIMENSION OF COLUMN SECTION - answer-The three factors which limit the spacing of lateral ties in tied reinforced concrete columns. 508 & 762 MILLIMETERS or 20 & 30 INCHES - answer-The two standard widths of a pan which is a reusable metal or fiberglass mold used in forming a ribbed slab. 61,935 SQUARE MILLIMETERS or 96 SQUARE INCHES - answer-The minimum gross area of the section for reinforced concrete columns that constitute the principal supports for a floor or roof. 76 MILLIMETERS or 3 INCHES - answer-The maximum clear spacing between spirals of lateral reinforcement in spiral reinforced concrete column expressed in millimeters or inches. 9.5 MILLIMETERS or 3/8 INCH - answer-The minimum diameter of bars that can be used as lateral reinforcements in spiral or tied reinforced concrete columns. ANCHORAGE - answer-Any of various means, such as embedment length or hooked bars, for developing tension or compression in a reinforcing bar on each side of a critical section in order to prevent bond failure or splitting. BALANCED SECTION - answer-A concrete section in which the tension reinforcement theoretically reaches its specified yield strength as the concrete in compression reaches its assumed ultimate strain. BAR DIAMETER, MAXIMUM SIZE OF COARSE AGGREGATE, and THICKNESS OF CONCRETE SECTION - answer-The three factors that regulate the bar spacing of parallel reinforcing bars. BAR SPACING - answer-The center-to-center spacing of parallel reinforcing bars, the resulting clear distance between the bars being regulated by bar diameter, maximum size of coarse aggregate, and thickness of the concrete section. BEAM-AND-GIRDER SLAB - answer-A one-way slab supporteding by secondary beams which in turn are supported by primary beams or girders. BENT BAR - answer-A longitudinal bar bent to an angle of 30° or more with the axis of a concrete beam, perpendicular to and intersecting the cracking that could occur from diagonal tension. BÉTON ARMÉ - answer-Concrete in which steel reinforcement is embedded in such a manner that the two materials act together in resisting forces. Also called ferroconcrete or reinforced concrete. BETWEEN 6 & 9 METERS or 20 & 30 FEET - answer-The range of the span of ribbed slabs for which one distribution rib is required. BOND - answer-The adhesion between two substances such as concrete and reinforcing bars. BOND STRESS - answer-The adhesive force per unit area of contact between a reinforcing bar and the surrounding concrete developed at any section of a flexural member. BONDING LAYER - answer-A thin layer of mortar spread on a moistened and prepared existing concrete surface prior to laying a new concrete slab. BOTTOM BAR - answer-Any of the longitudinal bar serving as tension reinforcement in the section of a concrete beam or slab subject to a positive moment. BUTT SPLICE - answer-A splice for transferring tensile or compressive stresses from one longitudinal bar to another, made by butting their ends together and connecting them in a positive fashion. COLUMN STRIP - answer-A panel strip occupying the adjacent quarter panels on both sides of a column centerline. COMPOSITE COLUMN - answer-A structural steel section thoroughly encased in concrete reinforced with both vertical and spiral reinforcement. COMPOUND COLUMN - answer-A structural steel column encased in concrete at least 64 millimeters (or 2 1/2 inches) thick, and reinforced with wire mesh. COMPRESSION REINFORCEMENT - answer-Reinforcement designed to absorb compressive stresses. COMPRESSION SPLICE - answer-A butt splice made by connecting the butted ends of two reinforcing bars with a mechanical fastener, such as a sleeve clamp. CONTINUOUS SLAB - answer-A reinforced concrete slab extending as a structural unit over three or more supports in a given direction. CONTINUOUS SLAB - answer-A reinforced concrete slab subjected to lower bending moments than a series of discrete, simply supported slabs. COVER - answer-The amount of concrete required to protect steel reinforcement from fire and corrosion, measured from surface of the reinforcement to the outer surface of the concrete section. CRACKED SECTION - answer-A concrete section designed or analyzed on the assumption that concrete has no resistance to tensile stresses. CRACKING LOAD - answer-The load that causes the tensile stresses in a concrete member to exceed the tensile strength of the concrete. CRITICAL SECTION - answer-The section of a flexural concrete member at a point of maximum stress, a point of inflection, or a point within the span where tension bars are no longer needed to resist stress. DEEP BEAM - answer-A reinforced concrete beam having a depth-to-span ratio greater than 2 to 5 (>2:5) for continuous spans, or 4 to 5 (>4:5) for simple spans, subject to nonlinear distribution of stress and lateral buckling. DEFORMED BAR - answer-Reinforcing bar hot-rolled with surface deformations to develop a greater bond with concrete. DIAGONAL TENSION - answer-It is the principle tensile stresses acting at an angle to the longitudinal axis of a beam. It is also the type of stress to which web reinforcement such as bent bars or stirru