BIOS 255 Comprehensive Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025

BIOS 255 Comprehensive Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025 What is homeostasis? - ANSWER-maintenance of a stable internal environment with the contribution of all organ systems What are the components of a homeostatic mechanism? - ANSWER--Stimulus -Receptors -Control center -Effector -Response What is a negative feedback mechanism? - ANSWER-Body REVERSES, or goes against, an original stimulus to return to homeostasis Example: Blood glucose regulation after eating. What is a positive feedback mechanism? - ANSWER-Amplifies the change from the normal level. (Agrees with the change) Example: Childbirth, blood clotting What feedback mechanism is most common? - ANSWER-negative Inferior - ANSWER-Below; at a lower level Superior - ANSWER-Above; higher level Lateral - ANSWER-Side; Away from the midline of the body Proximal - ANSWER-Closer to the point of attachment Distal - ANSWER-Father away from the point of attachment Medial - ANSWER-Toward the midline of the body Sagittal - ANSWER-divides body into left and right Transverse - ANSWER-Divides body into upper and lower parts Anterior - ANSWER-toward the front of the body Posterior - ANSWER-toward the back of the body Frontal plane - ANSWER-Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions. Which part of the atom is involved in chemical reactions? - ANSWER-Electrons Which part of the atom makes up the atomic number? - ANSWER-Protons pH scale - ANSWER-Measurement of hydrogen ion concentration - pH < 7: Acidic -pH > 7: Alkaline (basic) -pH = 7: neutral What is the main function on rough endoplasmic reticulum? - ANSWER-Protein synthesis What kind of cell division results in a diploid, increasing the number of cells? - ANSWER-Mitosis How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? - ANSWER-23 pairs Continues...