NCHEC Study Guide with Complete Solutions
Needs Assessment - ANSWER✔✔-Systematic identification of needs
within a population and determination of the degree to which those needs
are being met
6 step process:
scope of work and purpose of needs assessment
gather the data
analyze the data
identify any factors linked to the health problem
identify the focus for the program
validate the need before continuing with the planning process
Primary Data - ANSWER✔✔-Data gathered by the health educator directly
from or about the individual or population of interest
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,Secondary Data - ANSWER✔✔-Data that have already been collected by
others that may or may not be directly gathered from the individual or
population being assessed. US Census
Stakeholders - ANSWER✔✔-May be involved in program operations as
program manager, program staff, partners, funding agencies, coalition
members or those served or affected by the program/project including
patients, clients advocacy groups and community members
individuals or agencies that have a vested interest in the health education
program
Planning models - ANSWER✔✔-Precede proceed
Existing databases available to the public - ANSWER✔✔-BRFSS Behavioral
Risk Factor Surveillance System
National Library of Medicine's PubMed
ERIC Education Resources Information Center
Primary Data Sources - ANSWER✔✔-Surveys
Interviews
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,Observations
Community forums are public meetings
Focus Groups
Nominal group process: a few reps from priority population are asked to
respond to questions based on specific needs 5-7 people
Delphi Panel- group process that generates consensus by using a series of
mailed or emailed questionnaires. Process involves individuals from 3
groups: decision makers, staff and program participants.
Self Assessment instruments
Community capacity inventory and community asset maps are tools for
identifying community resources and issues
Secondary Data Sources - ANSWER✔✔-Federal Gov Agencies: CDC
Vital records: US Census Bureau
Social Security
State and local agencies: BRFSS, YRBSS
Nongovernmental agencies: healthcare systems
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, Existing records: health data
Literature: peer reviewed journals
Predisposing factors - ANSWER✔✔-individual knowledge and affective
traits
Enabling factors - ANSWER✔✔-factors that make possible a change in
behavior
Reinforcing factors - ANSWER✔✔-feedback and encouragement resulting
from a changed behavior, perhaps from significant or important others
Community's capacity to solve its health problems: - ANSWER✔✔-identify
community resources (persons, groups, places), abilities, skills, networks,
strengths, talents
create or strengthen the relationships between community members and
community orgs
mobilize the community around its strengths/resources
rally the community to develop a health vision of the future and introduce
any outside resources to fill gaps
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Needs Assessment - ANSWER✔✔-Systematic identification of needs
within a population and determination of the degree to which those needs
are being met
6 step process:
scope of work and purpose of needs assessment
gather the data
analyze the data
identify any factors linked to the health problem
identify the focus for the program
validate the need before continuing with the planning process
Primary Data - ANSWER✔✔-Data gathered by the health educator directly
from or about the individual or population of interest
Copyright ©EMILLYCHARLOTE 2025 ACADEMIC YEAR, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Page 1/36
,Secondary Data - ANSWER✔✔-Data that have already been collected by
others that may or may not be directly gathered from the individual or
population being assessed. US Census
Stakeholders - ANSWER✔✔-May be involved in program operations as
program manager, program staff, partners, funding agencies, coalition
members or those served or affected by the program/project including
patients, clients advocacy groups and community members
individuals or agencies that have a vested interest in the health education
program
Planning models - ANSWER✔✔-Precede proceed
Existing databases available to the public - ANSWER✔✔-BRFSS Behavioral
Risk Factor Surveillance System
National Library of Medicine's PubMed
ERIC Education Resources Information Center
Primary Data Sources - ANSWER✔✔-Surveys
Interviews
Copyright ©EMILLYCHARLOTE 2025 ACADEMIC YEAR, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Page 2/36
,Observations
Community forums are public meetings
Focus Groups
Nominal group process: a few reps from priority population are asked to
respond to questions based on specific needs 5-7 people
Delphi Panel- group process that generates consensus by using a series of
mailed or emailed questionnaires. Process involves individuals from 3
groups: decision makers, staff and program participants.
Self Assessment instruments
Community capacity inventory and community asset maps are tools for
identifying community resources and issues
Secondary Data Sources - ANSWER✔✔-Federal Gov Agencies: CDC
Vital records: US Census Bureau
Social Security
State and local agencies: BRFSS, YRBSS
Nongovernmental agencies: healthcare systems
Copyright ©EMILLYCHARLOTE 2025 ACADEMIC YEAR, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Page 3/36
, Existing records: health data
Literature: peer reviewed journals
Predisposing factors - ANSWER✔✔-individual knowledge and affective
traits
Enabling factors - ANSWER✔✔-factors that make possible a change in
behavior
Reinforcing factors - ANSWER✔✔-feedback and encouragement resulting
from a changed behavior, perhaps from significant or important others
Community's capacity to solve its health problems: - ANSWER✔✔-identify
community resources (persons, groups, places), abilities, skills, networks,
strengths, talents
create or strengthen the relationships between community members and
community orgs
mobilize the community around its strengths/resources
rally the community to develop a health vision of the future and introduce
any outside resources to fill gaps
Copyright ©EMILLYCHARLOTE 2025 ACADEMIC YEAR, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Page 4/36
