HOSA NUTRITION - CHAPTER 21 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Illness and surgery - Answer-what are two things that can have a large effect on a
person’s nutritional status?
Endocrine system - Answer-which system is signaled in response to physical stress?
Hypermetabolic - Answer-higher than normal rate of metabolism
Increased energy output - Answer-what does a hypermetabolic response provide for the
body?
Iatrogenic malnutrition - Answer-caused by treatment of diagnostic procedures
true - Answer-T/F: The patients nutritional status should be elevated before surgery
Enhances recovery - Answer-how does a high nutritional status impact a patient after
surgery?
for wound healing, tissue building, and blood regeneration - Answer-why would a post-
surgery patient have a diet high in protein?
so that the glucose is converted to glycogen and stored in the tissue allowing for more
energy - Answer-why would a post-surgery patient have a diet high in carbohydrates?
it can cause infection by harboring microorganisms - Answer-why is excessive adipose
tissue harmful during surgery?
true - Answer-T/F: Surgical patients are usually required not to eat anything after
midnight the day of their surgery
NPO - Answer-nothing by mouth
aspirated - Answer-Inhaled or suctioned
the food could be regurgitated and aspirated into the lungs - Answer-why is it dangerous
to perform surgery on someone who ate?
low residue diet - Answer-what type of diet would a patient going into gastrointestinal
surgery follow?
to improve metabolism, and aid in healing - Answer-why is post-surgery nutrition crucial
for the patient?
, clear-liquid diet - Answer-usually within the 24-hour period post-surgery, clients will be
on what type of diet?
400-500 cals - Answer-what is the maximum amount of calories provided by
intravenous solutions per day?
bowel noises will be evident - Answer-how will a HC provider know that peristalsis has
resumed in a patients GI tract?
dumping syndrome - Answer-nausea and diarrhea caused by food moving too quickly
from the stomach to the small intestine
gastric - Answer-what type of surgery can lead to dumping syndrome?
eating small and more frequent meals - Answer-what is a good way to prevent dumping
syndrome?
enteral nutrition - Answer-feeding by tube directly into the client's digestive tract
tube feeding - Answer-feeding by tube directly into the stomach or intestine or via a vein
true - Answer-T/F: Enteral feedings are preferred over parenteral feedings
nasogastric tube - Answer-tube leading from the nose to the stomach for tube feeding
gastrostomy - Answer-creation of an artificial opening into the stomach
jejunostomy - Answer-creation of an opening in the jejunum
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy - Answer-Insertion of a tube through the
abdominal wall into the stomach under endoscopic guidance
polymeric formula - Answer-commercially prepared formulas for tube feedings that
contain intact proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (requires digestion)
elemental formula - Answer-those formulas containing products of digestion of protein,
carbohydrates, and fats
polymeric formula - Answer-what type of formula would a patient with a well functioning
digestive system use?
elemental/hydrolyzed formula - Answer-what type of formula would a patient with a
compromised digestive system use?
modular formula - Answer-formula made by combining specific nutrients
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Illness and surgery - Answer-what are two things that can have a large effect on a
person’s nutritional status?
Endocrine system - Answer-which system is signaled in response to physical stress?
Hypermetabolic - Answer-higher than normal rate of metabolism
Increased energy output - Answer-what does a hypermetabolic response provide for the
body?
Iatrogenic malnutrition - Answer-caused by treatment of diagnostic procedures
true - Answer-T/F: The patients nutritional status should be elevated before surgery
Enhances recovery - Answer-how does a high nutritional status impact a patient after
surgery?
for wound healing, tissue building, and blood regeneration - Answer-why would a post-
surgery patient have a diet high in protein?
so that the glucose is converted to glycogen and stored in the tissue allowing for more
energy - Answer-why would a post-surgery patient have a diet high in carbohydrates?
it can cause infection by harboring microorganisms - Answer-why is excessive adipose
tissue harmful during surgery?
true - Answer-T/F: Surgical patients are usually required not to eat anything after
midnight the day of their surgery
NPO - Answer-nothing by mouth
aspirated - Answer-Inhaled or suctioned
the food could be regurgitated and aspirated into the lungs - Answer-why is it dangerous
to perform surgery on someone who ate?
low residue diet - Answer-what type of diet would a patient going into gastrointestinal
surgery follow?
to improve metabolism, and aid in healing - Answer-why is post-surgery nutrition crucial
for the patient?
, clear-liquid diet - Answer-usually within the 24-hour period post-surgery, clients will be
on what type of diet?
400-500 cals - Answer-what is the maximum amount of calories provided by
intravenous solutions per day?
bowel noises will be evident - Answer-how will a HC provider know that peristalsis has
resumed in a patients GI tract?
dumping syndrome - Answer-nausea and diarrhea caused by food moving too quickly
from the stomach to the small intestine
gastric - Answer-what type of surgery can lead to dumping syndrome?
eating small and more frequent meals - Answer-what is a good way to prevent dumping
syndrome?
enteral nutrition - Answer-feeding by tube directly into the client's digestive tract
tube feeding - Answer-feeding by tube directly into the stomach or intestine or via a vein
true - Answer-T/F: Enteral feedings are preferred over parenteral feedings
nasogastric tube - Answer-tube leading from the nose to the stomach for tube feeding
gastrostomy - Answer-creation of an artificial opening into the stomach
jejunostomy - Answer-creation of an opening in the jejunum
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy - Answer-Insertion of a tube through the
abdominal wall into the stomach under endoscopic guidance
polymeric formula - Answer-commercially prepared formulas for tube feedings that
contain intact proteins, carbohydrates, and fats (requires digestion)
elemental formula - Answer-those formulas containing products of digestion of protein,
carbohydrates, and fats
polymeric formula - Answer-what type of formula would a patient with a well functioning
digestive system use?
elemental/hydrolyzed formula - Answer-what type of formula would a patient with a
compromised digestive system use?
modular formula - Answer-formula made by combining specific nutrients
