HOSA - FOUNDATIONS OF NUTRITION
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Provide Energy, Build and Repair Body Tissue, Regulate Body Processes - Answer-
Three main functions of the 6 essential nutrients
Carbs, Proteins, and Fats - Answer-Nutrients used primarily to provide energy
Proteins, Vitamins, and Minerals - Answer-Nutrients used mainly to repair body tissues
low-nutrient-density foods - Answer-Potato Chips, cakes, sodas, and candy are
heart disease - Answer-Cumulative effect of a high-fat diet could be
Organic - Answer-Products grown without pesticides
Fat - Answer-Organic Nutrient
Weight - Answer-Anthropocentric measures include
African American Foods - Answer-Down-home breads are served with most meals.
Black-eyed peas, okra, sweet potatoes, peanuts, corn, green beans, and peppers are
important. Pork, chicken, fried fish.
too much fat, sodium, and carbs.
deficient in iron, calcium, fiber, potassium, vitamin C.
French American Foods - Answer-Cajun. Lacking calcium, vitamins D, E, and C
Mexican Foods - Answer-Beans, rice, tomatoes, onions, jalapenos, chilies. Pork, goat,
garlic, wheat, refritos, avacoadoes, cheese. Flan is a favorite dessert.
Lacking vitamin C. Calcium intake is low because of lactose intolerance.
Puerto Rican - Answer-Corn, wheat, seafood, beef, pork, rice, olive oil, chicken, pinto
beans, and okra. Plantains, green bananas, potatoes, squash, taro, and breadfruit.
Pineapple, mango, papayas, guava, and coconut.
Not enough calcium.
,Italian Foods - Answer-pasta, rice, beans, olives, fruits, vegetables, seafood. Beef is
seldom. Salami, veal and pork is favored. cheese is important. fat is usually olive oil.
dessert is fruit.
Greek Foods - Answer-Salads. Bread is the basis. fruity olive oil. seafood, lamb, goat,
and pork.
North European foods - Answer-large servings of meat. little sides of vegetables and
starch. greens, potatoes, beets, mushrooms, barley, plums, rye. sausages, cheese,
dark bread, dairy. pickled herring.
needs more vitamins, minerals, fiber
central european foods - Answer-pork and chicken are common. beef sausage and fish
are popular too. cabbage sauerkraut, carrots, turnips, potatoes, beans, lentils, onions.
spatzle, dark bread, and muesli are main carbs. eggs and dairy.
needs fewer fat
middle eastern foods - Answer-lamb. pita, flat, sourdough breads. legumes.
chickpeas/hummus. dairy. fruits, dates, figs.
need more vitamins, minerals, fiber
chinese foods - Answer-5 essential grains: rice, soybeans, barley, wheat, millet. many
vegetables. protein is from seaood, eggs, pork, chicken, beef, tofu.
soysauce contributes to high blood pressure.
not enough calcium.
Japanese - Answer-protein is from seafood, chicken, and eggs. sushi is popular.
need fruits.
Southeast Asian Foods - Answer-rice and noodles. two times as much fish than other
meats.
too much sodium
Indian Foods - Answer-lentils, beans, and milk are the proteins.
vitamins - Answer-fruits and vegetables are rich sources of
5.5oz - Answer-daily intake from protein for a 2000 calorie diet
complex carbs - Answer-rich in dietary fiber and B vitamins
,mouth - Answer-digestion begins here
small intestine - Answer-most digestive processes occur here
duodenum, jejunum, ileum - Answer-three sections of the small intestine in descending
order
chyme - Answer-fluid that moves from the stomach through pyloric sphincter
peristalsis - Answer-muscular movement that moves food down the GI tract
lymphatic system - Answer-transports fat throughout the body
enzyme - Answer-organic substance that causes changes in other substances
small intestine - Answer-maltase, sucrase, and lactase are produced here
bile - Answer-needed to digest fats
weight increase - Answer-energy intake > energy output
BMR - Answer-weight to kg. multiply by 24. multiply by .9 if female. 1 for men.
galactose - Answer-product of digestion of milk
glucose - Answer-all forms of carbs are converted to; brain uses for energy
cellulose - Answer-fibrous form of carbs that can't be digested
liver and muscles - Answer-where glycogen is stored
monosaccharides - Answer-glucose, fructose, galactose
lactose - Answer-yogurt
ketones - Answer-when insufficient carbs are eaten, liver produces
starch - Answer-form in which glucose is stored in plants
insoluble dietary fiber - Answer-can decrease blood cholestrol
salivary amylase - Answer-enzyme in the mouth that begins the digestion
hormone insulin - Answer-glucose metabolism is controlled by
, energy - Answer-fats provide the most concentrated form of
adipose tissue - Answer-protects and insulates
hypocholestrolemia - Answer-atherosclerosis increases the risk of
linoleic acid - Answer-the diet deficient in fats may be deficient in; essential to the diet
eggs whites and skim milk - Answer-invisible fats would be
coconut and chocolate - Answer-plant foods that contain saturated fats
hydrogenation - Answer-polyunsaturated oil is changed to saturated fat
artherosclerosis - Answer-cholesterol contributes to
simplesse - Answer-fat alternative for ice cream
olestra - Answer-fat alternative for snack foods
oatrim - Answer-fat alternative for baking
triglycerides, phospholipids, sterols - Answer-three groups of lipids found naturally in the
body and food
carobon and hydrogen - Answer-fatty acids are organic compounds of
sterol - Answer-cholesterol is a sterol
good cholestrol - Answer-high density lipoprotein
gastric lipase, bile, and panceatic lipiase - Answer-for digestion, fats require
9 - Answer-how many calories in a gram of fat?
canola oil - Answer-healthiest fat to use when frying
nitrogen - Answer-element that is necessary for growth and maintenance of health that
proteins contain
4 calories - Answer-each gram of protein contains; one gram of carbs contains
stomach and small intestine - Answer-chemical digestion of proteins occur
kwashiorkor, edema - Answer-deficiency of protein
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Provide Energy, Build and Repair Body Tissue, Regulate Body Processes - Answer-
Three main functions of the 6 essential nutrients
Carbs, Proteins, and Fats - Answer-Nutrients used primarily to provide energy
Proteins, Vitamins, and Minerals - Answer-Nutrients used mainly to repair body tissues
low-nutrient-density foods - Answer-Potato Chips, cakes, sodas, and candy are
heart disease - Answer-Cumulative effect of a high-fat diet could be
Organic - Answer-Products grown without pesticides
Fat - Answer-Organic Nutrient
Weight - Answer-Anthropocentric measures include
African American Foods - Answer-Down-home breads are served with most meals.
Black-eyed peas, okra, sweet potatoes, peanuts, corn, green beans, and peppers are
important. Pork, chicken, fried fish.
too much fat, sodium, and carbs.
deficient in iron, calcium, fiber, potassium, vitamin C.
French American Foods - Answer-Cajun. Lacking calcium, vitamins D, E, and C
Mexican Foods - Answer-Beans, rice, tomatoes, onions, jalapenos, chilies. Pork, goat,
garlic, wheat, refritos, avacoadoes, cheese. Flan is a favorite dessert.
Lacking vitamin C. Calcium intake is low because of lactose intolerance.
Puerto Rican - Answer-Corn, wheat, seafood, beef, pork, rice, olive oil, chicken, pinto
beans, and okra. Plantains, green bananas, potatoes, squash, taro, and breadfruit.
Pineapple, mango, papayas, guava, and coconut.
Not enough calcium.
,Italian Foods - Answer-pasta, rice, beans, olives, fruits, vegetables, seafood. Beef is
seldom. Salami, veal and pork is favored. cheese is important. fat is usually olive oil.
dessert is fruit.
Greek Foods - Answer-Salads. Bread is the basis. fruity olive oil. seafood, lamb, goat,
and pork.
North European foods - Answer-large servings of meat. little sides of vegetables and
starch. greens, potatoes, beets, mushrooms, barley, plums, rye. sausages, cheese,
dark bread, dairy. pickled herring.
needs more vitamins, minerals, fiber
central european foods - Answer-pork and chicken are common. beef sausage and fish
are popular too. cabbage sauerkraut, carrots, turnips, potatoes, beans, lentils, onions.
spatzle, dark bread, and muesli are main carbs. eggs and dairy.
needs fewer fat
middle eastern foods - Answer-lamb. pita, flat, sourdough breads. legumes.
chickpeas/hummus. dairy. fruits, dates, figs.
need more vitamins, minerals, fiber
chinese foods - Answer-5 essential grains: rice, soybeans, barley, wheat, millet. many
vegetables. protein is from seaood, eggs, pork, chicken, beef, tofu.
soysauce contributes to high blood pressure.
not enough calcium.
Japanese - Answer-protein is from seafood, chicken, and eggs. sushi is popular.
need fruits.
Southeast Asian Foods - Answer-rice and noodles. two times as much fish than other
meats.
too much sodium
Indian Foods - Answer-lentils, beans, and milk are the proteins.
vitamins - Answer-fruits and vegetables are rich sources of
5.5oz - Answer-daily intake from protein for a 2000 calorie diet
complex carbs - Answer-rich in dietary fiber and B vitamins
,mouth - Answer-digestion begins here
small intestine - Answer-most digestive processes occur here
duodenum, jejunum, ileum - Answer-three sections of the small intestine in descending
order
chyme - Answer-fluid that moves from the stomach through pyloric sphincter
peristalsis - Answer-muscular movement that moves food down the GI tract
lymphatic system - Answer-transports fat throughout the body
enzyme - Answer-organic substance that causes changes in other substances
small intestine - Answer-maltase, sucrase, and lactase are produced here
bile - Answer-needed to digest fats
weight increase - Answer-energy intake > energy output
BMR - Answer-weight to kg. multiply by 24. multiply by .9 if female. 1 for men.
galactose - Answer-product of digestion of milk
glucose - Answer-all forms of carbs are converted to; brain uses for energy
cellulose - Answer-fibrous form of carbs that can't be digested
liver and muscles - Answer-where glycogen is stored
monosaccharides - Answer-glucose, fructose, galactose
lactose - Answer-yogurt
ketones - Answer-when insufficient carbs are eaten, liver produces
starch - Answer-form in which glucose is stored in plants
insoluble dietary fiber - Answer-can decrease blood cholestrol
salivary amylase - Answer-enzyme in the mouth that begins the digestion
hormone insulin - Answer-glucose metabolism is controlled by
, energy - Answer-fats provide the most concentrated form of
adipose tissue - Answer-protects and insulates
hypocholestrolemia - Answer-atherosclerosis increases the risk of
linoleic acid - Answer-the diet deficient in fats may be deficient in; essential to the diet
eggs whites and skim milk - Answer-invisible fats would be
coconut and chocolate - Answer-plant foods that contain saturated fats
hydrogenation - Answer-polyunsaturated oil is changed to saturated fat
artherosclerosis - Answer-cholesterol contributes to
simplesse - Answer-fat alternative for ice cream
olestra - Answer-fat alternative for snack foods
oatrim - Answer-fat alternative for baking
triglycerides, phospholipids, sterols - Answer-three groups of lipids found naturally in the
body and food
carobon and hydrogen - Answer-fatty acids are organic compounds of
sterol - Answer-cholesterol is a sterol
good cholestrol - Answer-high density lipoprotein
gastric lipase, bile, and panceatic lipiase - Answer-for digestion, fats require
9 - Answer-how many calories in a gram of fat?
canola oil - Answer-healthiest fat to use when frying
nitrogen - Answer-element that is necessary for growth and maintenance of health that
proteins contain
4 calories - Answer-each gram of protein contains; one gram of carbs contains
stomach and small intestine - Answer-chemical digestion of proteins occur
kwashiorkor, edema - Answer-deficiency of protein
